• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.248-254
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• 2006

Pear black necrotic leaf spot (PBNLS) on pear trees (Pyrus pyrifolia) is caused by a Korean isolate of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV-K). Yellow spots were detected in Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) and Chenopodium quinoa which were grown near the diseased pears in year 2000 through 2003. The ASGV-K, the causative agent of PBNLS, was detected from the symptoms of the diseased kidney bean plant and C. quinoa. ASGV-harboring fungi were also isolated from symptomatic plants and from soils surrounding the infected plants. The ASGV-harboring fungus was identified and characterized as Talaromyces flavus. Ecopathological studies showed that the number of ASGV-harboring fungi on the pear leaves was not correlated with differences in temperature or severity of symptoms. Additionally, there was no difference in fungus frequency among the orchard locations or different host plants. Although the frequency of fungi isolated from the soil was not affected by changes in temperature or location, the fungi occurred at higher densities in the rhizosphere than in the plants themselves.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.3 s.44
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• pp.175-179
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• 1980

Soybean stunt virus (SSV) was newly isolated in Korea from naturally infected soybeans (Glycine max). The main symptoms caused by this virus on soybean cultivars are crinkling, mild mottling and reduction in plant size. This virus induced local lesion on the inoculated leaves of Chenopodium amaranticolor, C quinoa and Vigna sinensis, and mosaic symptoms on Nicotiana tabacum (Bright yellow, KY-57). The virus was inactivated at 60C, and was infectious at dilution of $10^3$. Extract juice became infective 3 days later at room temperature. The virus was transmitted by green peach apid (Myzus persicae). This virus closely is related serologically to cucumber mosaic virus. The virus particles observed in the electron microscopy were spherical types of 30mm in diameter.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 2008

A strain of Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) was isolated newly from sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum var. angulosum) showing necrosis with large necrotic spots on fruits and vein banding with malformation on leaf at Cheongdo area in Gyeongsangbukdo. The new strain was designated as a CMV-NP and the shape of virus particles was isometric of 26 nm in diameter from the sweet pepper fruit by Dip method. The strain of CMV-NP was identified genetically by VC/RT-PCR. CMV-NP could infect systemically on the 9 indicator plants including Cucumis sativus, but it could infect locally on Chenopodim amaranticolor and C. quinoa. CMV-NP induced the specific symptoms of necrotic rings on the inoculated and the upper leaves of N. rustica and Tetragonia expansa. On Cucumis sativus, the large chlorotic ring and vein chlorosis were produced on the upper leaves. CMV-NP had no virulence on Datura stramonium.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1015-1022
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate ash and mineral contents of agricultural products that are widely and specifically grown in Korea, including 23 fruits, 11 cereals and specialty crops, and 11 leaves and vegetables. Pre-treatment of mineral was performed by microwave method. Mineral contents were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrophotometry Mass (ICP-MS). Ash contents ranged from 0.20 to 0.69 g/100 g in fruits, 1.62 to 3.80 g/100 g in cereals, and 0.28 to 2.93 g/100 g in leaves and vegetables. Among the 45 samples, the highest contents of ash were found in quinoa (average 3.80 g/100 g), the highest contents of calcium (Ca) were found in Hansan ramie leaves (average 894.79 mg/100 g), the highest contents of phosphorus (P) were found in yellow amaranth(average 661.88 mg/100 g), the highest contents of potassium (K) were found in quinoa (average 1,455.38 mg/100 g), the highest contents of magnesium (Mg) were found in red amaranth (average 434.02 mg/100 g), the highest contents of molybdenum (Mo) were found in moringa (average $482.50{\mu}g/100g$), and the highest contents of selenium (Se) were found in apple mango(average $23.67{\mu}g/100g$).

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2018

Chinese artichoke (Stachys sieboldii Miq.) belongs to herbaceous perennial plants of Labiatea and is cultivated as edible and medicinal crops in China, Japan and Korea. A Chinese artichoke plant showing virus-like symptoms was collected in Chungju, Korea. Plant sap of the sample was inoculated in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc, Chenopodium quinoa and Chenopodium amaranticolor. Necrotic local lesions were observed in the inoculated leaves of N. tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc and C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa with systemic chlorotic spots and mosaic symptoms on the upper leaves. The disease reactions on indicator plants suggested that the collected Chinese artichoke sample was mixed-infected with different viruses. We detected three viruses by RT-PCR analysis using genus- and species-specific primer sets for Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). This study is the first report of a mixed infection of three viruses in Chinese artichoke in Korea.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.161-165
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• 1999

The antiviral activity of CAP30 from Chenopodium album, a type1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), was examined against 5 different plant viral pathogens, and its activity against Tobacco mosaic virus was compared to those of well known antiviral proteins such as Pokeweed Antiviral protein from leaves and seeds. When the inoculating concentration of Tobacco mosaic virus was varied from 0.4 to $400{\mu}g/ml$, it was observed that CAP30 at the concentration of $1{\mu}g/ml$ suppressed the viral infection of C. amaranthicolor and C. quinoa almost completely up to $40{\mu}g/ml$ Tobacco mosaic virus. Results from the assays for the inhibitions of in vitro translation of rabbit reticulocyte lysate and the suppression of Tobacco mosaic virus infection ($10{\mu}g/ml$) to C. quinoa indicated that CAP30 is a strong inhibitor of protein synthesis and virus infection. The infection of several viruses other than Tobacco mosaic virus to host plants were also inhibited by $5{\mu}g/ml$ CAP30, suggesting that a gene encoding CAP30 can be used to develop transgenic virus-resistant plants.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.224-228
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• 2004

A potyvirus causing chlorotic mottle and yellow spots on leaves of Dianthus barbatus was isolated and identified as an isolate of Carnation vein mottle virus (CVMV). Purified preparations of Chenopodium quinoa infected with CVMV-K showed filamentous particles between 695 and 785 om long. Many cytoplasmic inclusions were observed, and these consisted of pinwheels, dense bands, loops, and circles. The coat protein of CVMV-K was about 32 KDa in western blot analysis using a CVMV antibody. The nucleotide sequence of coat protein gene showed 97.6％ homology with a Japanese isolate. The genome size of CVMV-K was about 9.0 kb by dsRNA analysis. These results indicate that the virus is an isolate of CVMV. This is the first report on CVMV in Korea.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.136-139
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• 1994

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) was isolated from Rorippa islandica showing mild mosaic symptom in growing field of Chinese cabbage and radish. Identification of the virus was based on host range, transmission by aphids, electron micrograph, serological reaction and hybridization detection. The virus systemically infected on Chenopodium quinoa, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa, Brassica rapa, B. campestris subsp. pekinensis and Raphanus sativus, whereas showed local infection on C. amaranticolor, Gomphrena globosa and Tetragonia tetragonoides. The virus was transmitted by aphid (Myzus persicae). The virus particle was filamentous with 720$\times$12 nm in length, and reacted positively with an antiserum of TuMV in agar gel double duffusion test. In slot-blot hybridization using the digoxigenin(DIG)-labeled RNA probe, TuMV-RNA could be detected in sap of R. islandica infected with the virus. This is the first report of a natural infection of that virus on R. islandica.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.22-26
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• 1965

In order to investigate the host range of the mosaic disease of black locust in the Chunchon area, the sap of the mosaic-diseased leaves of black locust itself and the cowpea leaves infected with the above mentioned sap, were inoculated to 53 species of plants belong to 12 families. As to the result, no difference in infection was found as related to the virus sources, and the infection was recognized in 4 species of the family Chenopodiaceae and 8 species of the family Leguminosae. The plants recognized as hosts are as follows: the plants which showed local infection are Chenopodium album, Ch. ambrosioides, Ch. quinoa; the plants which showed systemic infection are Chenopodium amaranticolor, Phaseolus vulgaris, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Vigna sinensis; and Astragalus sinicus, Melilotus indicus, Phaseolus angularis, Pisum sativum and Vicia faba were recognized as carriers. Through investigating its host ranges and symptoms, this mosaic virus of black locust seems not to be regarded as the group of the black locust mosaic virus in southeastern Europe reported by Milinko et al (1961). And, too, it is thought hardly to exist in combination with the cowpea mosaic virus. It appears, therefore, that this mosaic virus was confined to that of black locust.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.148.1-148
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• 2003

Natural virus infection of cultivated Daphe odora plants showing chlorosis and stunting was observed and their causal agent was investigated. An isolate of isometic virus was purified from infected leaf tissues, and it could infect systemic severe mosaic on Chenopodium quinoa and C. amaranticolor. cDNA library was generated from partially purified viral RNAs and oligo dT primer-pSPORTl system, and recombinant clones were selected and their inserts were sequenced randomly. Nucleotide sequences of the virus were analyzed by BLAST, and it was closely related to members of subgroup B in the genus Nepovirus. The sequence analysis suggest that the virus was identified as an isolate of Cycas necrotic stunt virus (CNSV) because it was 89.7 ％ and 94.7 ％ identical to known CNSV for the CP and 3' noncoding region, respecitively. RT-PCR was performed to screen disease incidence of CNSV in Daphe plants, and five out of 10 plants (50 ％) were infected by CNSV This is the first sequence information of CNSV from Daphe plants.