• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.250-253
• /
• 1998

Somaclonal variation was observed in the field on doubled haploid plants derived from single pollen of a rice cultivar "Hwaseongbyeo". The variations of seven quantitative traits including plant height and one qualitative trait (pubescence) in 436 lines ($R_2$ generation) were analyzed. The number of lines which fell beyond the boundaries of the 95% confidence intervals of the check variety, Hwaseongbyeo was checked for each quantitative trait, and of those fertility showed the highest variation frequency (85.6%), followed by plant height (77.5%), flag leaf length (66.5%), grains per panicle (42.2%), days to heading (34.5%), panicle length (30.7%) and panicles per hill (22.7%). And the variations of quantitative traits except days to flowering appeared to move in the negative direction compared to "Hwaseongbyeo". Variability within lines was also observed for quantitative and qualitative traits. Twenty-nine $R_2$ lines (7%) segregated for pubescence and 130 $R_2$ lines (30%) showed variation with regard to fertility. This suggests that mutations usually occur before diploidization. Twenty-nine $R_2$ lines representing a wide spectrum of variation were chosen for RAPD analysis. The number of lines showing DNA polymorphism compared to Hwaseongbyeo ranged 0 from to 10 according to the primer used and this seems to indicate that specific loci have highly mutable genomic site.utable genomic site.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.510-522
• /
• 2017

To better understand the morphological variation for Perilla crop in different areas of China, we studied the morphological variation in 87 accessions (84 cultivated var. frutescens and three cultivated var. crispa) from high latitude (Northeast China) and middle latitude (North and Northwest China) areas of China by examining seven quantitative and 10 qualitative characters. Analysis of the morphological variation determined that there was significant morphological differences in five quantitative traits between cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa, including effective number of branches (QN2), number of internodes (QN3), number of branches (QN4), length of the largest inflorescence (QN5), and days from germination to flowering (QN7). However, two quantitative traits-plant height and number of florets of the largest inflorescence-did not show any significant differences between cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa. In addition, significant differences for six quantitative traits were found between the accessions of cultivated var. frutescens originating from high and middle latitude areas in China, which included QN2, QN3, QN5, number of florets of the largest inflorescence (QN6), and QN7. Principal components analysis (PCA) identified five quantitative characters [plant height (QN1), QN2, QN3, QN4, QN7] and six qualitative characters [fragrance of plant (QL1), color of reverse side of leaf (QL3), degree of pubescence (QL5), color of flower (QL6), shape of leaf (QL7), and hardness of seed (QL10)] that contributed to the positive direction on the first axis. The other quantitative and qualitative characters contributed to the negative direction on the first axis. Most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa were clearly separated by the first axis. In addition, most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens are from high latitude and middle latitude areas that were clearly separated by the first axis, except for several accessions. The findings from this study will provide useful information towards understanding the morphological variation of Perilla crop according to geographical distribution in high and middle latitude regions of China.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.68-68
• /
• 2018

A total of 47 core collections of pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) conserved in National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) were studied under field condition at Jeonju. All accessions were characterized for their 14 qualitative and 16 quantitative characters. Results revealed that both qualitative and quantitative characters exhibited wide variation among the studied germplasm. Distribution of fruit characters (fruit length, width, and fruit wall thickness) among the accessions was positively skewed. Of the 47 accessions evaluated, 38.3% accessions had conical shaped fruits and mature fruit color was predominantly red (51.1%), orange (21.3%) and yellow (14.9%). Principal component analyses revealed that (i) 56.64% of the qualitative (fruit shape, color and fruit surface) variation and (ii) 89.42% of the quantitative (plant width, height and fruit maturity days) variation were explained by the first two components. Clustering revealed two groups and dendrogram revealed morphological variation among accessions. The phenotypic diversity exists in this core collections provide valuable information to improve agronomic traits in pepper breeding program.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.137-152
• /
• 1997

The objectives of this paper are to see how the declination is realized in the different positions/lengths of the utterance, to see if the $F_0$ value throughout the utterance changes in a predictable way, and if so, to find out the best quantitative model which fits the declination. The experiment results are as follows. First, the peak value over the utterance can be affected by the position of the peak and length of the utterance. Second, the choice of quantitative models is dependent on the different list lengths. Third, in everyone's speech, there is a baseline (the lowest $F_0$ value a speaker can use), and the $F_0$ will not fall below the baseline. Forth, the peak $F_0$ of the last word in each list shows little variation in pitch value (target $F_0$) while the number of words in the list affects the starting $F_0$ values.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.4.1-4.6
• /
• 2020

Transposable elements (TEs) constitute approximately half of Bovine genome. They can be a powerful species-specific marker without regression mutations by the structure variation (SV) at the time of genomic evolution. In a previous study, we identified the Hanwoo-specific SV that was generated by a TE-association deletion event using traditional PCR method and Sanger sequencing validation. It could be used as a molecular marker to distinguish different cattle breeds (i.e., Hanwoo vs. Holstein). However, PCR is defective with various final copy quantifications from every sample. Thus, we applied to the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) platform for accurate quantitative detection of the Hanwoo-specific SV. Although samples have low allele frequency variation within Hanwoo population, ddPCR could perform high sensitive detection with absolute quantification. We aimed to use ddPCR for more accurate quantification than PCR. We suggest that the ddPCR platform is applicable for the quantitative evaluation of molecular markers.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2001

This paper propose a robust control method to achieve a desired system performance in spite of system uncertainty and disturbance uncertainty. The procedures of the robust controller based on QFT(Quantitative Feedback Theory) make template, bound and loop shaping which are considered by system parameter variations and performance specifications. To prove the efficiency, the designed controller is applied for an inverted pendulum which is so sensitive to the parameter variation and has a highly nonlinear and unstable characteristics. It is shown that the simulation and experimental results from the proposed controller are efficient in robustness of parameter variation and disturbance.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.149-153
• /
• 2002

Induction of non-diapause eggs and manifestation of quantitative characters were studied in different seasons by low temperature incubation of eggs of a low yielding diapause with coloured cocoons silkworm breed, RDI of Bombyx mori. Hundred percent of nandiapause eggs were induced when the egg incubation was carried out at 15$^{\circ}C$ followed by incubation initially at $25^{\circ}C$ and then at $15^{\circ}C$. The diapause-nondia-pause relation was found to be reversible. Analysis of variance study demonstrated significant variation in all the quantitative characters whereas significant variation due to different incubation treatments was observed for larval span, fifth instar larval span, cocoon yield/10,000 larvae by weight, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and cocoon shell ratio. study on hybrid vigour skewed significant heterosis over mid parent value for four economic characters viz., cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio and filament length in a Fl hybrid between RD1 with diapause eggs and Japanese type bivoltine $NB_{4} D_{2}$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 2002

Sixteen Atractylodes japonica Koidz. accessions were collected in Jeonbuk, Kyeongnam, Kangwon and Kyeonggi province, and their quantitative characteristics were compared with each other. The relationship of variation between Atractylodes japonica Koidz. accessions was also investigated by means of multivariate analysis. Hamyang 1 accession had the most desirable quantitative characteristics among the accessions: plant height was 86.2cm, number of leaves, 117.2 and number of stems, 34.3. Sudo 1 accession had 12 stems, the most among the accessions. The length of leaf margin serras found in all of them was on average 1.6mm. Most accessions had simple or palmately compound leaf with oval or elliptical type of the leaf shape. The accessions could be classified into three groups by average linkage cluster method. The most remote relationship was found between Group 1 containing Jinan 1, Jinan 2 and Group 3 containing Jeongsu, and Geoje.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.182-189
• /
• 2007

Process Capability indices(PCIs) have been widely used in manufacturing industries to provide a quantitative measure of process performance. PCIs have been developed to represent process capability more exactly. The traditional process capability indices Cp, Cpk, Cpm, $Cpm^+$ have been used to characterize process performance on the basis of univariate quality characteristics. Cp, Cpk consider the process variation, Cpm considers both the process variation and the process deviation from target and $Cpm^+$ considers economic loss for the process deviation from target In the previous studies, only one designated location on each part is measured. System process capability index even though in single process, multiple measurement locations on each part are required to calculate the reliable process capability. In manufacturing industry, there is growing interest in quantitative measures of process variation under multivariate quality characteristics. The multivariate process capability index incorporates both the process variation and the process deviation from target or considers expected loss caused by the process deviation from target. In this paper, we compare various process capability indices and propose the application method of PCIs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.348-355
• /
• 2023

Epifluorescence microscopy with image analysis was evaluated as a biofilm quantification method (i.e., quantification of surface area colonized by biofilms), in comparison with crystal violet (CV) staining. We performed different experiments to generate multispecies biofilms with natural and artificial bacterial assemblages. First, four species were inoculated daily in 16 different sequences to form biofilms (surface colonization, 0.1%-56.6%). Second, a 9-species assemblage was allowed to form biofilms under 10 acylase treatment episodes (33.8%-55.6%). The two methods comparably measured the quantitative variation in biofilms, exhibiting a strong positive relationship (R² ≥ 0.7). Moreover, the two methods exhibited similar levels of variation coefficients. Finally, six synthetic and two natural consortia were allowed to form biofilms for 14 days, and their temporal dynamics were monitored. The two methods were comparable in quantifying four biofilms colonizing ≥18.7% (R² ≥ 0.64), but not for the other biofilms colonizing ≤ 3.7% (R² ≤ 0.25). In addition, the two methods exhibited comparable coefficients of variation in the four biofilms. Microscopy and CV staining comparably measured the quantitative variation of biofilms, exhibiting a strongly positive relationship, although microscopy cannot appropriately quantify the biofilms below the threshold colonization. Microscopy with image analysis is a promising approach for easily and rapidly estimating absolute quantity of multispecies biofilms.