• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.176-187
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was a qualitative study done to investigate the experience of role conflict by physician assistant nurses. Methods: The basis for this study was qualitative research using the phenomenological method. Research participants were 10 physician assistant nurses. Data collection methodology was in-depth interviews. The interviews were conducted 1 to 2 times and each interview lasted within the range of 45 minutes to 2 hours. The data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously and the Colaizzi (1978) methodology was adopted for data analysis. Results: The results showed 46 significant statements, 13 meaningful statements, 7 themes, and 3 clusters of themes. The 3 clusters of themes were: 'Identity conflict', 'Relationship role conflict' and 'Institutional role conflict'. Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that legal status guarantees have to be prepared in order to resolve the role conflict of physician assistant nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.671-683
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand and describe the leadership experience of clinical nurses. Methods: During 2014, data were collected using focus group interviews. Three focus group interviews were held with a total of 20 clinical nurses participating. All interviews were recorded as they were spoken and transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Fifteen categories emerged from the five main themes. 1) Thoughts on the leadership category: to lead others, to cope with problem situations adequately and to serve as a shield against difficulties. 2) Situations requiring leadership: situation that requires correct judgement, coping and situations that need coordination and cooperation. 3-1) Leadership behaviors: other-oriented approach and self-oriented approach. 3-2) Leadership behavior consequences: relevant compensation and unfair termination. 4-1) Facilitators of leadership: confidence and passion for nursing and external support and resources. 4-2) Barriers to leadership: non-supportive organization culture and deficiency in own leadership competencies. 5) Strategies of leadership development: strengthen leadership through self-development and organizational leadership development. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results indicate that it is necessary to enhance clinical nurses' leadership role in healthcare. Enhancement can be achieved through leadership programs focused on enlarging leadership experience, constant self-development, leadership training, and development of leadership competencies suited to the nursing environment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.380-393
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore psychiatric nurses' decision making in the use of seclusion and restraint (SR). Methods: Data were collected using focus group interviews. Two focus group interviews were held with a total of 10 psychiatric nurse participants. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Eleven categories emerged from three main themes. All the themes describe factors that participants took into account when deciding whether to implement SR: 1) Personal factors area: 'Personal attributes of nurses,' 'Attitude of nurses regarding SR,' 'Nurses' physical and emotional states,' 'Negative experiences of nurses related to SR'; 2) Relational factors area: 'The level of cooperation between nurses and doctors,' 'Role models created by seniors and colleagues,' 'The level of support by nursing assistants,' 'Therapeutic relations with patients'; and 3) Environmental factors area: 'Poor nursing work environment,' 'Atmosphere of ward regarding SR,' and 'Social atmosphere to raise alarm about SR.' Conclusion: These findings should be considered in the evaluation of the use of SR in psychiatric hospital settings and appropriate strategies used to help minimize the use of restraint.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.311-322
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative research was to investigate chronically ill patients' perception of hospital nurses. Methods: Individual in-depth interviews and qualitative content analysis were used for data collection and analysis respectively. Participants were 13 chronically ill hospitalized patients or outpatients in three universities hospitals. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis suggested by Graneheim and Lundman (2004). Results: Three themes emerged from the 10 sub-themes, which were categorized from the 21 condensed meaning units by interpreting the underlying meanings. The three themes were "person giving comfort and support by caring", "person facilitating the process of healing", and "person taking the initiative in power relations". Two themes involved positive experiences of patients and the other included negative ones. Conclusion: The results showed that the participants perceived the hospital nurses as devoted to caring for patients and facilitating treatments, but authoritative in performing their duty. Based on these results, it is recommended that hospital nurses improve their nursing knowledge, skills and humanistic attitude.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.247-256
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the caregiving difficulties that mothers of children with spina bifida experience from their own perspectives. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was designed. Data were collected from five mini-focus group interviews and four individual interviews using open-ended questions. Nineteen mothers of children with mild spina bifida participated in the study during 2014-2015. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis to identify major difficulties perceived by the mothers. Results: Five domains were identified with 12 subdomains. "Daily routine continence management" describes difficulties arising in bladder and bowel management for the child with spina bifida. "Management of school life of child" deals with difficulties in relation to the school facilities, such as the toilets, as well as teachers and friends. "Relationship with family and neighbors" illustrates problems in relations with their spouse, normal children, relatives and neighbors. "Maintaining physical and psychological health" includes physical and psychological problems of the mothers. "Finance" describes economic burden that the mothers face in the management of child's illness. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide insight into the practical issues related to the management of chronic conditions of children with spina bifida from the mothers' perspectives.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.367-378
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand and describe health-related experience of women with physical disabilities, using feminist qualitative approach. Methods: Eight women with physical disabilities participated to the study. Their mean age was 43, ranging from 39 to 67 years old. The data were collected by individual in-depth interviews and all interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The transcribed data were analyzed using traditional qualitative content analysis from a feminist perspective. Results: Six major categories emerged from the data. Category 1: "Isolation and alienation from the world.", Category 2: "A distorted self-image of physically disabled body.", Category 3: "Difficulties due to a fixed gender role.", Category 4: "Constant suffering from chronic pain.", Category 5: "Health problems that they have to endure by themselves.", Category 6: "Sublimation through self-reliance." The results of the study show how Korean women with physical disabilities suffer from social stigma, indifferences, and discriminations and struggle to survive in these unfriendly surroundings. Conclusion: The results of the study would help health professionals in designing effective intervention to improve health and to empower women with physical disabilities by providing deep understanding and critical insights of those women.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.337-347
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• 2023

Purpose: Despite the health impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) beginning in the early stages of life, there is little research on the perception of EDCs among Korean mothers, who are primarily responsible for protecting children. This study aimed to explore how mothers with young children perceived EDCs for their concerns, the issues they faced, and the way they dealt with them. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was utilized. Twelve mothers who were recruited from snowball sampling participated in voluntary interviews. Individual in-depth interviews lasting approximately 47 to 60 minutes were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis as suggested by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: Four categories, 10 subcategories, and 25 condensed meaning units were identified by interpreting mothers' underlying meanings. The four categories were 'Knowledgeable yet contrasting ideas regarding EDCs,' 'Negative health impact, but more so for children,' 'Inaction or trying to minimize exposure,' and 'Need for early, reliable resources and social change.' Mothers were knowledgeable about EDCs and actively needed further education and support. While they tended to focus more on the health impact of EDCs on their children and were optimistic about their health risks, paying less attention to their preventive behaviors. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals must consider mothers' perceptions of EDCs in future education and interventions regarding EDCs impact on women's life stages such as puberty, pregnancy, and childrearing. Also preventive strategies that can be applied to their daily lives are needed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.202-215
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• 2018

Objectives: We conducted a qualitative study to explore the feasibility of mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet. Methods: We conducted in-depth and focus group interviews with eight laymen who had used mobile dietary applications and eight experts. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using an open coding method. Results: The qualitative data of our study revealed two key themes: (1) perceptions, opinions and attitudes towards mobile applications of self-monitoring of diet and (2) future directions to improve mobile applications. Conclusions: Our qualitative study suggested the potential use of mobile applications as a food-tracking and dietary monitoring tool and the need for improved mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet. The results of our study may provide insights into how to technically improve mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet, how to utilize dietary data generated through mobile applications, and how to improve individual's health though mobile applications.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.100-110
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• 2023

Qualitative research methodology has been applied with increasing frequency in various fields, including in healthcare research, where quantitative research methodology has traditionally dominated, with an empirically driven approach involving statistical analysis. Drawing upon artifacts and verbal data collected from in-depth interviews or participatory observations, qualitative research examines the comprehensive experiences of research participants who have experienced salient yet unappreciated phenomena. In this study, we review 6 representative qualitative research methodologies in terms of their characteristics and analysis methods: consensual qualitative research, phenomenological research, qualitative case study, grounded theory, photovoice, and content analysis. We mainly focus on specific aspects of data analysis and the description of results, while also providing a brief overview of each methodology's philosophical background. Furthermore, since quantitative researchers have criticized qualitative research methodology for its perceived lack of validity, we examine various validation methods of qualitative research. This review article intends to assist researchers in employing an ideal qualitative research methodology and in reviewing and evaluating qualitative research with proper standards and criteria.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.109-121
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the barriers and improvements to promoting physical activity among children using community child care centers. Methods: A qualitative research using focus group interviews was employed. Three focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 18 service providers, and open-ended questions were used. All interviews were recorded as they were spoken and transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Two main themes in the barriers to promoting physical activity were 'lack of resources' and 'limitations of program composition'. In addition, five sub-themes emerged as a result of analysis: 1) lack of human resources, 2) lack of finance, 3) lack of space, 4) one-off and short-term physical activity programs, 5) learning-oriented programs. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is necessary to have adequate human resources and a realistic government subsidy that allow community child care centers to provide sufficient services to children. In addition, promoting physical activity can be achieved through physical activity programs focused on peer group advisors, habituation, and development of programs suited to the needs of children and their environment.