• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.406-419
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• 2011

This study was carried out to offer basic information on the wood anatomy of domestic yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), a new plantation species selected by Korea Forest Service as one of the promising hardwood and bioenergy sources of the future, through comparison of stem wood with root wood in the qualitative and quantitative features. In the qualitative anatomical features, growth rings were distinct in stem wood but relatively less distinct in root wood. And stem wood appeared to have pores in radial multiples of 2 to 5, sometimes clusters but root wood to have pores in radial multiples of 2 to 3, rarely clusters. And numbers of bars in scalariform perforation plates were somewhat numerous in vessel elements of root wood than in those of stem wood. Interestingly, on the other hand, more extraneous materials in the wood rays of tap root than in those of lateral root and stem were confirmed in the chemical composition analyses. In the quantitative anatomical features, pore densities were significantly greater but vessel elements were considerably narrower in stem wood than in root wood. Vessel elements and wood fibers of root wood were considerably longer than those of stem wood. Rays were somewhat more numerous in stem wood than in root wood, and only ray heights of stem wood were more or less greater in cell numbers but both ray heights and widths of stem wood were lower in dimension than those of root wood. The anatomical differences between stem wood and root wood were thought to be associated with different growth environments between the stem above ground and the root below ground.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.35
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• pp.157-177
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is to examine the important characteristics of the qualitative research methods and to analyze application of these methods in the field of family therapy. First, general characteristics of qualitative research methods and typical features of qualitative research designs are described. Second, contents related with meanings, adequacy, and application process of qualitative research methods in the field of family therapy are discussed. Third, cardinal issues that could hinder the development of qualitative family therapy research are reviewed. Qualitative research methods provide a scientific and systematic way of looking at family therapy holistically. These methods may add new dimensions to qualitative research in the field of family therapy and thus increase its diversity. The versatility of qualitative research methods is a good match for examining the complexity and the diversity of family forms and experience. Therefore, qualitative research methods has the potential to advance the science and practice of family therapy and that family therapy researchers have the potential to advance qualitative research methods. Implications for the development of qualitative research methods in the field of family therapy in Korea are suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.126-136
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• 1996

In multi-item production system, GT(Group Technology) is used effectively in order to cluster various parts into groups. GT is based on clustering parts which have similar features, and these features are classified into two properties, namely crisp(quantitative) feature and fuzzy(qualitative) feature. Especially, many difficult problems are often faced that have to evaluate the properties of parts with the crisp and fuzzy feature together. As the basis of determining the similarity of inter-parts, in this method, one aggregate value is calculated on each part. However, because the above aggregate value is only gained from simple additive weighted sum, there is one problem in this method that has been handled the combination effect of inter-parts. For these reasons, in this paper, a proposed method is suggested for representing combination effect in order to cluster parts that have crisp and fuzzy properties into groups using ${\lambda}$-fuzzy measure and fuzzy integral.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

In this study, we aim to understand how social computing features affect open source project's outcome based on the representative social coding platform, Github (http://github.com). Though there is growing interest regarding the application and effect of employing social computing features, yet empirical evidences related to the subject are still short. To bridge the gap, we conducted our research based on the following research questions: 1) How the system features of social coding platform are classified? 2) How are the use of system features and project performance related to each other? Qualitative and quantitative analysis are performed: The system features of Github are clustered according to their usage in qualitative analysis, and th relation between the feature uses and project outcome is identified by multiple linear regression test. In conclusion, we found that the use of results is also discussed.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.135-149
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• 2022

Purpose: To assess clinically significant imaging findings of malignant intramammary lymph nodes (IMLNs) in breast cancer patients and to evaluate their diagnostic performance in predicting malignant IMLN. Materials and Methods: A total of 110 cases with IMLN of BI-RADS category 3 or more, not typical benign IMLN, in MR of breast cancer patients between January 2016 and January 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. After excluding 33 cases, 77 cases were finally included. Among them, 58 and 19 were confirmed as benign and malignant, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative MR imaging features of the IMLN were retrospectively analyzed. Sizes and final assessment categories of IMLN on MRI, mammography, and ultrasound were reviewed. Diagnostic performances of imaging features on MRI, mammography, and ultrasound were then evaluated. Results: For qualitative MR features, shape, margin, and preserved central hilum were significantly different between benign and malignant groups (P < 0.05). For quantitative MR features, long diameter over 6 mm, short diameter over 4 mm, and cortical thickening over 3 mm showed high sensitivities in predicting malignant IMLNs (89.5%, 94.7%, and 100%, respectively). Size exceeding 1 cm showed high specificity and accuracy in predicting malignant IMLN on MR, mammography, and ultrasound (91.4% and 80.5%; 96.6% and 79.25; 98.3% and 80.5%, respectively). Conclusion: Various MR imaging features and size can be helpful for predicting malignant IMLN in breast cancer patients.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.809-822
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• 1999

We consider the mathematical model of a resource-based autotroph-herbivore system where diffusion of nutrient within the soil is taken into account. We have derived the conditions for the existence of steady-state to the system and studied the stability and instability of the patially homogeneous case. Then we have introduced the diffusion term to the system and studied the qualitative behabviour of the spatially inhomogeneous case. Finally we have discussed the salient features of the analytical results giving also the ecological interpretations.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.336-345
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• 2023

The present study was designed to evaluate changes in neuromuscular properties and the structural and qualitative characteristics of muscles during submaximal isometric contractions at low-to-relatively vigorous target forces and to determine their influence on force steadiness (FS). Thirteen young adult males performed submaximal isometric knee extensions at 10, 20, 50, and 70% of their maximal voluntary isometric contraction using their non-dominant legs. During submaximal contractions, we recorded force, EMG signals from vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), and rectus femoris (RF), and ultrasound images from the distal RF (dRF). Force and EMG standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) values were used to measure FS and EMG steadiness, respectively. Muscle thickness (MT), pennation angle (PA), echo intensity (EI), and texture features were calculated from ultrasound images to assess the structural and qualitative characteristics of the muscle. FS, neuromuscular properties, and texture features showed significant differences across different force levels. Additionally, there were significant differences in EMG_CV among the quadriceps at the 50% and 70% force levels. The results of correlation analysis revealed that FS had a significant relationship with EMG_CV in VM, VL, and RF, as well as with the texture features of dRF. This study's findings demonstrate that EMG steadiness and texture features are influenced by the magnitude of the target force and are closely related to FS, indicating their potential contribution to force output control.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.233-242
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the association of MRI features with the major genomic profiles and prognosis of World Health Organization grade III (G3) gliomas compared with those of glioblastomas (GBMs). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 76 G3 glioma and 155 GBM patients with pathologically confirmed disease who had pretreatment brain MRI and major genetic information of tumors. Qualitative and quantitative imaging features, including volumetrics and histogram parameters, such as normalized cerebral blood volume (nCBV), cerebral blood flow (nCBF), and apparent diffusion coefficient (nADC) were evaluated. The G3 gliomas were divided into three groups for the analysis: with this isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutation, IDH mutation and a chromosome arm 1p/19q-codeleted (IDHmut1p/19qdel), IDH mutation, 1p/19q-nondeleted (IDHmut1p/19qnondel), and IDH wildtype (IDHwt). A prediction model for the genetic profiles of G3 gliomas was developed and validated on a separate cohort. Both the quantitative and qualitative imaging parameters and progression-free survival (PFS) of G3 gliomas were compared and survival analysis was performed. Moreover, the imaging parameters and PFS between IDHwt G3 gliomas and GBMs were compared. Results: IDHmut G3 gliomas showed a larger volume (p = 0.017), lower nCBF (p = 0.048), and higher nADC (p = 0.007) than IDHwt. Between the IDHmut tumors, IDHmut1p/19qdel G3 gliomas had higher nCBV (p = 0.024) and lower nADC (p = 0.002) than IDHmut1p/19qnondel G3 gliomas. Moreover, IDHmut1p/19qdel tumors had the best prognosis and IDHwt tumors had the worst prognosis among G3 gliomas (p < 0.001). PFS was significantly associated with the 95th percentile values of nCBV and nCBF in G3 gliomas. There was no significant difference in neither PFS nor imaging features between IDHwt G3 gliomas and IDHwt GBMs. Conclusion: We found significant differences in MRI features, including volumetrics, CBV, and ADC, in G3 gliomas, according to IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status, which can be utilized for the prediction of genomic profiles and the prognosis of G3 glioma patients. The MRI signatures and prognosis of IDHwt G3 gliomas tend to follow those of IDHwt GBMs.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2022

This study aims to apply corpus-based approach to analyze The Yellow Wall-Paper and Herland written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, a women's rights activist in the late nineteenth-century America. Although both works have attracted feminists' attention to the woman question that concerned Gilman, discussion on her language features and their relation to the literary themes of these two works is still in need. In this corpus-based analysis, we argue that the main themes of different literary works can be revealed through linguistic patterns identified by number and gender features of nouns and pronouns in the contrast of two works and a balanced corpus. The linguistic features (number and gender) have been related with two themes, the 'group and individual' and the 'feminine and masculine', and are further interpreted in terms of mothering and feminine consciousness. By adopting linguistic approach, our study provides quantitative and qualitative evidence to verify the established themes and arguments of these literary texts.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2014

Stem and root of Lindera erythrocarpa were described and compared in the wood anatomical aspects. Root wood appeared to differ from stem wood in the qualitative features of growth ring boundary, extraneous materials in vessel element and ray parenchyma cell, outline of ray, and sheath cell. In the quantitative features, there were differences between these two tissues in vessels per square millimeter, tangential diameter of vessel lumina, length of vessel element, and width of ray. These wood anatomical differences between stem above ground and root below ground were thought to be attributed to their different growth environments.