• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2014

This study was performed to evaluate the exposure level of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticide to floriculture workers and florists. The urinary dialkylphosphates, metabolites of organophosphorus insecticides, including dimethylphosphate (DMP), diethylphosphate (DEP), dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP), diethylthiophosphate(DETP) and pyrethroids of metabolites, cis/trans DCCA, DBCA, and 3-PBA were analysed to evaluate the exposure of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticide to floriculture workers and florists. The concentration of DMP is highest in floriculture workers. but the concentration of DETP is highest in retail florist. The concentration of 3-PBA is highest in floriculture workers. The amount of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticide expusure is highest in flower workers, wholesale florist and retail florists are followed. The management for reducing pesticide exposure to floriculture workers and wholesale florist is required.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.300-304
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• 2016

The aim of this study were to evaluate the exposure level of pyrethroid pesticide according to spraying machine type. The urinary metabolites of pyrethroid pesticide in apple farmers were analyzed to determine the exposure level of pyrethroid pesticide. The result shows that, the spraying volume was greater in SS sprayer group than in power sprayer group. But multi variate analysis which adjust spraying volume and field area, there were no difference of urinary metabolites between two sprayer machine. To make more accurate model of pesticide exposure, the factors influencing pesticide exposure should be determined and further study should be done.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.30
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• pp.9.1-9.5
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• 2015

Objectives Pyrethroid pesticides are among the most commonly using insecticides in South Korean households and have been the subject of considerable interest among public health professionals for their potential health effects. The objective of this study is to examine the level of urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) among elementary students in South Korea. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate pyrethroid pesticide exposure levels by measuring the urinary metabolites of 3-PBA using a gas chromatographymass spectrometry method in March 2011. Study participants were 70 Asan-area and Incheon-area elementary students. Results All respondents had values above the detection limit, and the geometric means of 3-PBA in all children were $1.85{\mu}g/L$ and $1.46{\mu}g/g$ creatinine. Children with the top 10% urinary levels of 3-PBA were more likely to be girls, under nine years of age, living in a rural area, and living in a residential type apartment. Conclusions South Korean children have a higher concentration of urinary 3-PBA compared with those of other countries. Further research identifying exposure pathways and intervention efforts to reduce environmental pesticide use are needed in South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 1992

This study was conducted to know degradation products of the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin under soil, aqueous solution and UV-light irradation, and know its movement by leaching in soil. The major degradation product of bifenthrin was identified with 2-methylbiphenyl -3-y1 methanol by HPLC, UV, Mass and NMR under soil, aqueous solution and UV-light irradiation, The main degradation route was hydrolysis of the ester linkage. On exposure to UV-light, bifenthrin was decomposed almost completely in concentrations of 10 and 100 ppm in 24 hr but decomposed about 80% in 1,000 ppm. Bifenthrin was immobile in soil column system and on soil thin-layer chromatography system. Mostly bifenthrin remained in the 0-2.0㎝ layer of soil column and soil TLC.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2007

Purpose: Owing to organophosphate-pyrethroid mixtures are widely used, suicidal or unintentional poisoning is common. But there have been relatively few reports of poisoning. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference of the severity and toxicity between organophosphate-pyrethroid mixtures poisoning and single organophosphate poisoning. Methods: From August 2005 to July 2006, 65 patients presented with organophosphate-pyrethroid mixtures poisoning to emergency medical center. Date were gathered by report form it was drawn up. Results: 65 patients were enrolled in 28 hospitals and their mean age was $56.5{\pm}16.2$ years old. The most common cause of poisoning was suicide, in 52 cases(80%). Chlorpyrifos-cypermethrin, malathion-esfenvalerate were the most frequent chemicals involved, and the mean ingestion amount was 135.4ml. The most common symptom of the patients was nausea/vomiting, in 16 patients. The average GCS score was 13. The mean ICU stay was $4.4{\pm}5.2$ days, and mortality was 3.1%. Conclusion: The severity and toxicity of organophosphate-pyrethroid mixture poisoning were lower than that of single organophosphate poisoning.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.245-258
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• 2021

Objectives: In many previous studies, endocrine disruptors (EDCs) have been found to affect delays in puberty. Various EDCs have been reported on, but there have been only limited epidemiologic studies on the effects of exposure to environmental heavy metals and pyrethroid pesticides on puberty delay. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of exposure to environmental mercury, cadmium, and pyrethroid pesticides with delayed puberty in children based on national survey data that represents Korean children. Methods: We selected 450 children at the ages of 9-11 years old from the third Korean National Environmental Health Survey (3rd KoNEHS). The relations of urinary Hg, Cd, and 3-PBA with pubertal development were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: Urinary Hg levels were significantly associated with delayed puberty in boys [testicle development: OR=0.41 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.84); genitalia development: OR=0.35 (95% CI: 0.15, 0.81)]. Girls with higher Hg levels were more likely to experience delayed menarche [OR=0.23 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.90)]. We observed a significant 49% reduction in odds for menarche per increasing unit of urinary cadmium levels [OR=0.51 (95% CI: 0.24, 1.01)]. In addition, urinary 3-PBA showed a negative association with genitalia development in boys and menarche in girls [genitalia development: OR=0.73 (95% CI: 0.55, 0.96); menarche: OR=0.56 (95% CI: 0.32, 1.00)]. Conclusions: The results of this study support the hypothesis that exposure to environmental mercury, cadmium and pyrethroid pesticides may affect puberty delays. Additional evidence needs to be obtained through further prospective studies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.149-149
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• 2003

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 2003

The present studies investigate the induced effects of two pesticides lambda cyhalothrin (pyrethroid) and monocrotophos (organophosphate) on Rana cyanophlyctis (common skittering frog). Two different concentrations i.e. 0.1 and 1％ were used and cholinesterase activity was observed in liver, kidney and brain of these frogs. It was decreased upto 34.6 and 46.3％ in liver, 25.08 and 57.1％ in kidney and 31.64 and 50.7％ in brain under the effect of lambda cyhalothrin. In the case of monocrotophos treatment, cholinesterase decreased upto 37.7 and 57.7％ in liver,57.5 and 67.5％ in kidney and 47.6 and 65.9％ in brain, respectively.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.293.1-293.1
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• 2002

Pyrethroids are extensively used as insecticide in agriculture and home. Several studies have reported that yrethroids are relatively safe to humans and wildlife. However. some studies have suggested that pyrethroids ossess estrogen-like activity. Thus. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrethroid ompounds on cell proliferation. and expression of ERs and pS2 using estrogen receptor positive human breast ancer cell line (MCF-7 BUS celis). (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.292.2-293
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• 2002

Pyrethroids are one of the most commonly used insecticides in worldwide. but it remains unclear whether pyrethroid compounds possess endocrine disrupting activity or not. T47D cells, an estrogen receptor positive human breast cancer cell line. is known to induce alkaline phosphatase (AlkP) only in response to progestins. Because the action of estrogen may be changed by the action of progestins (Kraus et al. 1995), it is important to examine the potential to produce progestin-mediated effects for determining endocrine disrupting activity of chemicals(LiLorenzo et al. 1991). (omitted)