• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2014

Two marine ulvalean species (Chlorophyta) were collected from the southern and eastern coasts of Korea. One is morphologically characterized by usually unbranched or little branched ribbon-shaped thalli, fronds with spirally twisted basal portions and usually undulate margins and 1 (-2) pyrenoids per cell. The other has irregularly shaped thalli, undulate and dentate margins in the fronds, small macroscopic denticulations along the margin and (1-) 2-3 pyrenoids per cell. In phylogenetic tree based on molecular data, the two species nest in the same clade with Ulva flexuosa and U. rigida, respectively. These two Korean entities are identified as U. flexuosa and U. rigida, respectively, based on morphological and molecular analyses. This is the first record of Ulva flexuosa and U. rigida in Korea.

• 환경생물
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2017

A marine ulvalean species (Chlorophyta) was collected from Imgok, which is located on the eastern coast of Korea. This species is morphologically characterized by distromatic, filiform to strap compressed or tubular thallus. Many branches were found near the base, but lacked proliferations. Cells were longitudinally aligned in the younger part of the branch and were disordered in the older part of the branch. A cap-like parietal chloroplast with one or two pyrenoids was contained in each cell. In a phylogenetic tree based on ITS and rbcL sequences, this species was nested in the same clade as Ulva torta and U. clathratioides from Australia, but formed a sister clade to U. torta from Japan. However, the genetic divergence between them was included in an intraspecific variation range within Ulva. This finding suggests that U. clathratioides should be reduced to a synonym of U. torta. Accordingly, the Korean alga was identified as U. torta based on the morphological and molecular data. This investigation is the first record of U. torta in the Korean marine algal flora.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.529-536
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• 1995

1994년 5월 대한해협 서수로 표층에서 초미세식물플랑크톤을 분리, 배양하였다. 0.2${\sim}$2.0 ${\mu}m$ 범위에서 여과분리 및 희석법으로 단일종으로 분리하여 f/2 배양액으로 배양하였다. 개체의 외형은 구형이었고 지름은 2 ${\mu}m$ 내외였으며, 배양된 개체군은 황록색을 보여주었다. 표면은 매끈하였고 세포벽으로 싸여진 세포에서 핵, 엽록체, 미토콘드리아, 골기체, 액포 등이 확인되었다. 분리된 종은 엽록소 a와 b를 갖는 색소 구성과 세포막, 틸라코이드막구성, 피레노이드 등을 포함하는 미세구조 특성으로 볼 때 녹조류에 속하는 클로렐라의 일종으로 보인다.

• 환경생물
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.362-366
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• 2019

A marine green algal species (Chlorophyta) was collected from the eastern coast of Korea. It is morphologically characterized by monostromatic thallus, usually undulate and entire margins, cap-like chloroplast and several pyrenoids per cell. In a phylogenetic tree based on molecular data, the Korean alga nests in the same clade as Monostroma alittorale originally described from Japan, as a sister clade of M. grevillei from France. The genetic distance for ITS(Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequences among Monostroma species ranges from 2.3% to 38.2%. The value between the Korean entity and M. alittorale was calculated as 0.01%, considered to be intraspecific divergence. This Korean entity is identified as Monostroma alittorale based on morphological and molecular analyses. This is the first record of M. alittorale in Korea.

• 환경생물
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2019

A marine ulvalean species (Chlorophyta) was collected from the eastern coast of Korea. This species is morphologically characterized by a distromatic, dark to medium green and mostly irregularly orbicular or irregularly expanded thallus with entire or undulate margin without serrations. Vegetative cells are irregularly polygonal with distinctly rounded corners in shape, and have chloroplast completely covering the outer cell wall and one to two pyrenoids per cell. In a phylogenetic tree based on ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequences, this Korean alga nests in the same clade with Ulva sublittoralis, as a sister clade of U. californica, U. flexuosa and U. tanneri, which share the irregularly orbicular or expanded thallus normally without teeth cells. The genetic divergence between them is intraspecific within Ulva. Accordingly, it is identified as U. sublittoralis based on the morphological and molecular data. This is the first record of Ulva sublittoralis in the Korean marine algal flora.

• ALGAE
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2007

We described two brownish freshwater Cryptomonas species, C. marssonii Skuja and C. pyrenoidifera Geitler as first records in Korea. The identification was based on light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nuclear SSU rDNA sequences analysis. Cryptomonas marssonii is characterized by its sigmoid shape with a sharply pointed and dorsally curved antapex, dorso-ventrally flattened cell, two lateral plastids without pyrenoid, and its dimension of 18-25 μm in length and 8-13 μm in width. Cryptomonas pyrenoidifera is characterized by ovoid to elliptical shape with a partially twisted or rounded antapex, dorso-ventrally biconvex cell, lateral plastids with two pyrenoids, and the dimensions of 15-22 μm in length and 10-14 μm in width. Nuclear SSU rDNA sequences between C. marssonii WCK01 from Korea and CCAC0086 from Gernmay, and between C. pyrenoidifera WCK02 from Korea and CCMP152 from Australia were identical, respectively.

• ALGAE
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2010

Two new genera of red algae, Madagascaria erythrocladioides West et Zuccarello and Pseudoerythrocladia kornmannii West et Kikuchi (Erythropeltidales, Compsopogonophyceae, Rhodophyta), were previously described using molecular analysis and confocal microscopy of isolates in laboratory culture. We examined the ultrastructure of both genera to compare with ultrastructure of other members of the class Compsopogonophyceae. Both genera had Golgi bodies not associated with mitochondria and chloroplasts with a peripheral encircling thylakoid similar to all other members of the class studied thus far. Confocal autofluorescence images showed that Madagascaria has a single round central pyrenoid while Pseudoerythrocladia has no pyrenoid. Our electron microscopic work confirms these initial observations. Tables and keys are presented that assist in interpreting cellular details of genera in the class Compsopogonophyceae.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1947-1953
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• 2006

There have been a number of studies of methods for recycling animal wastewater to provide new bioresources. In the present work, a marine algal culture medium, designated KEP II, was prepared by adding swine waste (3% v/v) fermented by soil bacteria to a dilution of f/2 culture medium (CT). When Phaeodactylum tricornutum was grown in batch culture in KEP II, the cells lasted long at the exponential phase producing the specific growth rate and biomass; the production of total amino acids and secondary metabolites rose up to 5-fold. It also substantially enhanced the maximum quantum yield of photo system (PS) II of P. tricornutum, greatly increased the level of thylakoid membranes containing PS, and stimulated the production of pyrenoids, including enzymes for $CO_2$ fixation in chloroplasts. KEP II should improve the cost efficiency of industrial mass batch cultures and the value of microalgae for long-term preservation of fresh aquaculture feed as well as production of anticancer and antioxidant agents. Specifically, a low-cost medium for growing the diatoms of aquaculture feed will be economically advantageous.

• ALGAE
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2007

Blooms of Chattonella species are normally during summer in inland seas with high nutrients from the land and inflowing water. These blooms cause mass fish kills worldwide. We isolated a Chattonella strain from the south coast of Korea and identified it as C. antiqua. It is known that the morphological changes of phytoplankton correspond to the diurnal vertical migrations that follow an intrinsic biological clock and a nutrient acquisition mechanism during the day and night. In electron micrographs, C. antiqua clearly showed a radial distribution of lipid bodies in subcellular regions and plastids composed in which thylakoid layers were perpendicular to the surface. A single pyrenoid was present in each plastid and it was found at the end of the plastid towards the center of the cell. Throughout the day, plastids of C. antiqua cells appeared as an expanded net-like recticulum. During the night, however, the plastids changed their shape and contracted toward the cell periphery. The electron density of pyrenoids was increased in cells harvested during the night.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.234-241
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• 2017

Morphological and molecular information about two microfilamentous endophytic algae of the Grateloupia lanceolata or Bryopsis sp. from Korea is given. Of two endophytes, Phaeophila dendroides is endophytic in Grateloupia lanceolata. It is green in color and composed of uniseriate branched filaments with long setae. Each cell had several pyrenoids. Undulate or twisted Phaeophila-type hair developed from vegetative cells. Dilabifilum arthropyreniae is endophytic in Bryopsis sp. The frond of this species consists of frequently irregular, branching uniseriate filaments. Each cell had a single pyrenoid without hairs. Sporangia were not observed. The ends of the filaments were curved. In the phylogenetic tree, based on tufA and ITS sequences, these two species are nested in the same clade as Phaeophila dendroides and Dilabifilum arthropyreniae, respectively. In this study, these two species are newly recorded in the Korean marine algal flora, based on the morphological and molecular data.