• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2016

Histological and morphological development of the digestive tract of sevenband grouper were observed from after hatching to 60 days. Fishes were fed with rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis) and chlorella (Chlorella ellipsoidea) after hatching from 2 to 20 days rotifer and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) in after 20 days rotifer, brine shrimp and semi-dry artificial diet in after 23 days. Histological and morphological development of ten larvae was observed by paraffin embedding method after fixing in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Sevenband grouper RLG showed characteristics of carnivorous fish by average 0.87. Larvae after hatching can't open the mouth and anus digestive tract was observed in a straight line following yolk sac. Larvae was observed feeding activity by opening the mouth and anus. Metamorphosis started 8 days after hatching. Esophagus divided four layer, and goblet cell was observed in esophagus, mid intestine and rectum. Larvae started cannibalism and it was caused by difference of growth. The inside of stomach was differentiated to cardiac orifice, body of stomach, pyloric stomach, and pyloric caeca. Goblet cell was observed all intestine. Gastric gland differentiated after hatching 28 days in stomach. Secretion of gastric juice was found at stomach and mucosal fold pyloric caeca. Even thought the inside of stomach expended and the number of gastric gland increased consistently and goblet cell in intestine and mucosa became longer, histochemical changes follow couldn't be found during transforming juveniles 38 days after hatching.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.574-577
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate gastric motility of conscious minipigs with ultrasonography from contraction number of the pyloric antrum and gastric emptying time (GET). Five-month-old, clinically healthy minipigs weighing 13.5-15 kg were used for this experiment. Assessment of gastric motility was performed using saline (10 ml/kg) in all five minipigs. Contraction number of the pyloric antrum for 3 minutes and gastric emptying time were calculated. Gastric emptying time was considered to be the time at which the antral area returned to the basal value. The mean value of contraction number of the pyloric antrum before feeding was 1.60${\pm}$2.30 (mean${\pm}$SD) for 3 min and the overall mean value after saline administration was 5.40${\pm}$3.62 for 3 min. The mean value of GET by area was 58.06${\pm}$5.23 min. This data can be used as basic database for evaluation of gastric motility in minipigs as normal and various experimental models.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum hydrolysis conditions for the production of enzymatic hydrolysate from tuna boiled extract (TBE) using membrane (molecular weight cut off 10,000Da) reator. The tuna pyloric caeca crude enzyme (TPCCE) was identified as the most suitable enzymes for the hydrolysis of TBE. The optimum hydrolysis conditions of TBE in the batch reactor were $40^{\circ}C$, pH 9 and substrate to TPCCE ratio 50 (w/w). For 6hr under the above conditions, $70\%$ of the total amount of initial TBE was hydrolysed. The optimum hydrolysis conditions of TBE in the membrane reactor were $40^{\circ}C$, pH 9, enzyme 0,1 g/$\ell$, volume 1$\ell$ and substrate to enzyme ratio 100(w/w). The degree of hydrolysis of TBE was above $60\%$ for 3 hr. The TBE hydrolysate were prepared with $5\%$ TBE solution under the optimum hydrolytic conditions in the membrane reactor

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.238-241
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• 1984

The distribution of Bothriecephazus sp., Guptaia sp., Mackiewicgia sp., Polyonchobethrium sp., PtMchobotkriune sp., and SeBtga sp. in the alimentary tract of nine Indian hill-stream fishes are described. Though the region around pyloric sphincter was preferred by most cestodes, Senga sp. enabled its existence even in the latter part of intestine apparently because of its well leveloped adhesive apparatus on scolex.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2011

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is the most common infantile surgical condition and the standard treatment is open pyloromyotomy. Recently, laparoscopic techniques have rapidly advanced, and the laparoscopic approach has become widely adopted by pediatric surgeons. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes between open and laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. We retrospectively evaluated outcomes of pyloromyotomy for HPS by the open (OP) and the laparoscopic (LP) method. The procedures were performed at the Samsung Medical Center between September 2001 and March 2009. We analyzed patient age, sex, birth weight, length of hospital stay, postoperative length of stay (LOS), operating time, time to feeding commencement, postoperative vomiting frequency, the time to full feeding without vomiting, and surgical complications. A total of 54 patients were included in the study. There were 26 OP and 28 LP patients. There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, birth weight, operating time, postoperative emesis. In contrast, postoperative LOS in the LP group was statistically significantly shorter than that in the OP group (2.0 vs. 3.3 days, p=0.0003) and time to full feeding was significantly shorter following LP. (p=0.018) There were no wound complications. Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy significantly reduced postoperative LOS and time to full feeding compared to open pyloromyotomy.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.96-112
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• 1993

The morphological characteristics of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta, masou salmon. Oncorhynchus masou and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss in Korea were studied from 1989 to 1990. It was found that 13 factors of the female and 11 factors of the male in body form, number of pyloric ceaca and gill rakers has significant specific differences. There were some differences among species in the ratios of body depth, caudal peduncle depth, dorsal fin length and anal fin length to standard length (PBL), and snout length, eye diameter, upper jaw length, and cheek to head length. In the ratio of head length to fork length of the male, chum salmon showed the highest(24.7%) value and rainbow trout the lowest(21.6%). No difference was found in the female. It was proved that number of vertebrae, gill rakers, pyloric ceaca and lateral line scales were useful taxonomical characteristics of the salmon species. In particular, the ratio of eye diameter (ED) to head length (HL) appeared to be a new taxonomic criterion for the salmons in Korean waters.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.772-783
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• 2018

The aims of this study were to use the Rydoraku test, electrogastrography, and enterotachography to examine the presence of familial gastric dysmotility among monozygotic twins and their mothers; to determine the relationship between the symptoms and the indexes of the Rydoraku test, electrogastrography, and enterotachography; and to observe the therapeutic reaction for each differential treatment between twins with familial gastric dysmotility. The same herbal medication (Banhasasim-tang extract three times/day and Sojuckkunbi-tang extract three times/day) was given to each twin, but the younger twin also underwent manual acupuncture on the CV 10, 12, and 13 points of the abdominal wall and electrical stimulation of both ST 36 points of the lower leg 2-3 times per week. Evaluation of the therapeutic effect was followed after six weeks. The presence of familial gastric dysmotility was shown in the autonomic nerve system and gastric muscle and was thought to be a common pathophysiology induced by genetic co-ownership. Only the younger twin showed any marked relief of the dyspeptic symptoms associated with improvement of pyloric sphincter function, which was induced by acupuncture treatment. The Rydoraku test, electrogastrography, and enterotachography results showed the presence of familial gastric dysmotility. Although Korean traditional medicine had no effect on the familiar gastric dysmotility associated with genetic influences, the acupuncture treatment had a beneficial effect on the secondary disorder of pyloric sphincter function, which is associated with the relief of dyspeptic symptoms.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2003

Caustic ingestion can produce a progressive and devastating injury to the esophagus and stomach, In the acute stage, perforation and necrosis may occur. Long-term complications include esophageal stricture, antral stenosis and the development of esophageal cancer. Endoscopy should be performed as soon as possible in all cases to evaluate the extent and severity of damage, unless there is evidence of perforation. Endoscopy is the diagnostic procedure of choice. However, when the endoscopy cannot be passed through due to esophageal stricture, upper GI barium studies may be useful as a follow-up measure and in the evaluation of complications. A 44-year-old man visited our hospital complaining frequent vomiting 1 hour after ingestion of unknown amount of hydrochloric acid. At the time of arrival, the patient's oral cavity was slightly swollen and erythematous. On the endoscopic examination fourteen hour after the caustic ingestion, marked swelling of the arytenoids and circumferential ulceration with brown and black pigmentation at the upper esophagus were observed. Four weeks after the caustic injury, upper esophageal narrowing was observed and then the scope could not be advanced to the stomach. Upper GI barium study performed at that time revealed diffuse luminal narrowing of the esophagus and concentric luminal narrowing from prepyloric antrum to pylorus with disturbance of barium passage. At a week after the Upper GI study, through endoscopic examination after bougie dilatation of the esophagus, barium impaction in the stomach and the pylorus was noticed.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2004

A total of 30 cases of the peptic ulcer in children, who underwent operations from January 1981 to December 1995 because of complications at Department of the Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, is reviewed. Twenty-three were males (76.7%), 7 females (23.3%) and male was preponderant at 3.3:1. There were 25 cases (83.3%) age 10 to 15 years, 3(10.0%) between 2 and 9 years, and 2 (6.7%) below 2. The ulcer was located at duodenum in 27(90.0%), and at stomach in 3 cases (10.0%). Complications were perforation in 19 cases (63.3%), pyloric obstruction in 9 (30.0%) and bleeding in 2 (6.7%). For perforation, truncal vagotomy with pyloroplasty was done in 11 cases, truncal vagotomy with hemigastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy in 6, and simple closure in 2 cases. For obstruction, truncal vagotomy with hemigastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy was done in 5, and truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in 3 cases. For bleeding lesions, truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty was performed in 2 cases. Ten postoperative complications developed in 9 patients: adhesive ileus in 5, recurrence in 2, pneumonia 2, and wound seroma 1 case. One patient developed a primary duodenal perforation and another a recurrent obstruction. Both of patients had symptoms for more than 3 years and were treated with truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty for the primary operations. Hospital stay was 11.5 days for the patient with perforated ulcer, 11.0 days for the patient with pyloric obstruction, and 14.5 days for the child with bleeding. Average hospital period was 11.6 days. To reduce recurrences after operation, extensive procedure such as distal gastrectomy with vagotomy at the first operation should be considered in case with severe complication or with patients who have been symptomatic for long periods.

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.28.1-28.6
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• 2015

This current study investigated the anti-ulcer activity of 2 types of virgin coconut oil (VCO-A and VCO-B) and coconut oil (CO). Sprague-Dawley of male rats divided into 6 groups and each group consisted of ten rats. Rats were then treated with either VCO or CO and then were then anaesthetized and pyloric ligation was performed. The anaesthesia was discontinued and the animal usually recovered consciousness within less than an hour. Three hours later, the animal was then again anaesthetized and sacrificed with chloroform. Stomach removed and its content subjected to measurement of volume and pH. The results revealed VCO-B and VCO-A (100%) significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) the volume of gastric juice secreted by the control rats by 66.81% and 51.53%, respectively. Followed by CO 42.80%. While the inhibition of gastric juice for positive control rats which treated with ranitidine (100 mg/kg) was only 22.38%. The total acid output was reduced by the oils to 70.80%, 74.16% and 40.45% for VCO-A, VCO-B and CO respectively compared to control group. Ranitidine reduced the total acid output by 34.83%. In conclusion, prevention of gastric lesions in rats by VCO was found to increase the mucous and decrease the acid volume, total acid contents and ulcer scoring. The treatment of VCO affects the all parameters that influence the initiation and perpetuation of ulceration.