• Clean Technology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2009

In order to separate oxygen from air, the effects of feed gas flow rate and rinse gas flow rate on the product purity and flow were examined using 2 bed PSA with 4 step cycle. The addition of product pressurization step increased the product purity and flow rate. The addition of pressure equalization increased the product flow rate. The test product was manufactured and the purity and flow rate of product oxygen was examined. The results were compared with the commercial medical oxygen generator of 5 ${\ell}/min$ and 90% oxygen purity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.907-911
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• 2008

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is one of very important crop plants in the world. It is very important to determine hybrid seed quality in the production of hybrid Brassica vegetable seeds to avoid unacceptable contamination with self-inbred (sib) seeds. The allozyme for evaluating seed purity in a commercial $F_1-hybrid$ radish cultivar is demonstrated. Three hundred sixty seeds from the male and female harvest were subsequently screened for seed purity using 27 isozyme loci. Especially, F1 hybrids of radish, Per-1 ($aa{\times}bb$), Lap-1 ($aa{\times}bb$), Est-1 ($aa{\times}bb$) were presented clear hybrid bands. Est-1 locus revealed that 15 (8.3%) seeds from the female harvest and 26 (14.4%) seeds from the male harvest were sibs. It maintains higher than average level of genetic diversity compared with their correspondent parents. Shannon's index of phenotypic diversity (I) of hybrids was the highest of all accessions (R. sativus L. cv. Daepeng, R. sativus L. cv. Backza, and their hybrids). The allozyme may lead to a better insight into the hybrid seed purity.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2015

The MPPO (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholene-1-oxide) was prepared by using various polymerization inhibitors such as BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), TBC (4-tert-butylcatechol), and copper stearate. The MPPO was confirmed by the analysis using FTIR, $^1H$-NMR, and GC/MS regardless of the type of inhibitors. The yield of MPPO increased with the increase of reaction time, whereas the purity of MPPO decreased slightly. The yield and purity of MPPO increased with temperature, but the MPPO prepared by using copper stearate as a polymerization inhibitor exhibited no changes in the purity. The amount of inhibitors had no effect on the yield of MPPO. The purity of MPPOs increased with the amount of inhibitors, but the MPPO prepared by using BHT showed no changes of the purity. We found that the MPPO prepared by using copper stearate exhibited the highest catalytic activity for diphenylcarbodiimide synthesis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.946-955
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to present the aesthetic values of the Korean traditional costume for developing 'Korean' fashion design can be accepted in general in the modern times. For this purpose, documentary studies about the aesthetic values of the Korean traditional art and Korean traditional costume were preceded. And the perception of the Korean traditional costume were studied according to Belong's two criteria, body priority/ clothes priority and open/closed. Next, the aesthetic values of the Korean traditional costume were re-defined. The results can be summarized as follows; 1) The aesthetic values of the Korean traditional art are the beauty of nature, the purity, and the pleasantry. As the beauty of nature is the important one, the purity is caused by the love of nature. The pleasantry is as a way of expression. 2) The aesthetic values of the Korean traditional costume through the documentary studies stand for as the beauty of nature, the purity, the beauty of evil's eye, the beauty of symbolism, the beauty of personality, the beauty of tragedy and the beauty of tradition. 3) Korean traditional costume are perceived as clothes priority and open. 4) The aesthetic values of the Korean traditional costume can be re-defined as the beauty of nature, the purity, and the pleasantry. The beauty of nature comes from the 'natural' look, the exposure of the fabric as itself and the organic lines of the Korean traditional costume. The purity comes from the geometrical squared clothing form of Korean traditional costume which doesn't revive the human body form. The Pleasantry is seen the colors and motifs of costumes that have the human's hope and incantation and the exaggeration and distortion of human body form.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2012

To control degradation rate of biodegradable poly(lactide)s (PLA), the stereochemical PLAs with different ratios of $d$-lactide and $l$-lactide units were synthesized by the ring open polymerization and a degradation behavior was measured by a Langmuir film balance. Degradation rates of mixture monolayers on alkaline subphase were investigated as a function of optical purity of mixture component, 100, 99, 97 and 95%. As increasing their optical purity, melting temperatures of mixtures from stereocomplexation increased. The degradation rate of mixture monolayer with 100% optical purity was much slower than that of each homopolymer one and the others showed 2 step degradation behaviors. In the first step, the degradation which is faster than that of each homopolymer occurs in the uncomplexed region, and secondly, the degradation occurred in the complexed region which showed similar degradation rate to that of 100% optical purity. These results indicate that the alkaline degradation of stereochemical PLAs could be controlled by stereochemistry and stereocomplexation between enantiomer PLAs.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.409-412
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• 2001

The high purity manganese oxides were made from the dust, generated in AOD process that produces a medium-low carbon ferromanganese and collected in the bag filter. Manganese oxide content in the dust was about 90%, and its phase was confirmed as Mn₃O₄. In the extraction of manganese, because of remaining amorphous MnO₂, the dust was reduced to MnO by roasting with charcoal. The pulp density of the reduced dust can control pH of the solution more than 4 and then Fe ion is precipitated to a ferric hydroxide. Because a ferric hydroxide co precipitates with Si ion etc, Fe, Si ion was removed f개m the solution. Heating made water to be volatized and nitrates was left in reactor Then nitrates were a liquid state and stirring was possible. Among the nitrates in reactor, only the manganese nitrate which have the lowest pyrolysis temperature pyrolyzed into β-MnO₂powder and NO₂(g) at the temperature less than 200℃. When the pyrolysis of manganese nitrate has been completed about 90%, injection of water stopped the pyrolysis. Nitrates of impurity dissolved and the spherical high purity β-MnO₂powders were obtained by filtering and washing. Mn₂O₃or Mn₃O₄ powder could be manufactured from β-MnO₂powder by controlling the heating temperature. Lastly, a manufactured manganese oxide particle has 99.97% purity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.531-538
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• 2013

A mass balance method established in this laboratory was applied to determine the purity of an endosulfan-II pure substance. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) was used to measure organic impurities. Total of 10 structurally related organic impurities were detected by GC-FID in the material. Water content was determined to be 0.187% by Karl-Fischer (K-F) coulometry with an oven-drying method. Non-volatile residual impurities was not detected by Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) within the detection limit of 0.04% (0.7 ${\mu}g$ in absolute amount). Residual solvents within the substance were determined to be 0.007% in the Endosulfan-II pure substance by running GC-FID after dissolving it with two solvents. The purity of the endosulfan-II was finally assigned to be ($99.17{\pm}0.14$)%. Details of the mass balance method including interpretation and evaluating uncertainties of results from each individual methods and the finally assayed purity were also described.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.449-452
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• 2010

L-Thyroxine possessing a chiral center, the naturally occurring thyroid hormone has been used for the treatment of thyroid dysfunctions and marketed as levothyroxine (L-thyroxine) sodium salt. In this study, after extraction of levothyroxine tablet as a pre-treatment process, direct enantiomer separation of thyroxine on crown ether derived chiral columns for determination of optical purity was performed using reversed mobile phase with acid additive. The chromatographic method developed in this study was applied in the determination of optical purity of several current domestic and foreign commercialized levothyroxine tablets. Optical purity values of these commercialized L-thyroxine sodium tablets except one were higher than 99 percents.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.557-566
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• 2011

A cold spray coating (CSC) of copper was studied for its application to a high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal canister. Several copper coatings of 10 mm thick were fabricated using two kinds of copper powders with different oxygen contents, and SS 304 and nodular cast iron were used as their base metal substrates. The fabricated CSC coppers showed a high tensile strength but were brittle in comparison with conventional non-coating copper, hereinafter defined to as "commercial copper". The corrosion behavior of CSC coppers was evaluated by comparison with commercial coppers, such as extruded and forged coppers. The polarization test results showed that the corrosion potential of the CSC coppers was closely related to its purity; low-purity (i.e., high oxygen content) copper exhibited a lower corrosion potential, and high-purity copper exhibited a relatively high corrosion potential. The corrosion rate converted from the measured corrosion current was not, however, dependent on its purity: CSC copper showed a little higher rate than that of commercial copper. Immersion tests in aqueous HCl solution showed that CSC coppers were more susceptible to corrosion, i.e., they had a higher corrosion rate. However, the difference was not significant between commercial copper and high-purity CSC copper. The decrease of corrosion was observed in a humid air test presumably due to the formation of a protective passive film. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that CSC application of copper could be a useful option for fabricating a copper HLW disposal canister.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.591-596
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• 2019

A recently developed propellant, ammonium dinitramide (ADN, $NH_4N(NO_2)_2$ is stable and safe at an ambient condition. However, it requires high purity for practical applications. A very little quantity of foreign impurities in ADN may cause clogging of thruster nozzles and catalyst poisoning for the use of a liquid propellant. Thus, several purification processes for precipitated ADN particles such as repetition extraction, activated carbon adsorption and low-temperature extraction were presented in this study. The purifying methods helped to improve the chemical purity as evaluated by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy in addition to ion chromatography (IC) analyses. Among the purification processes, adsorption was found to be the best, showing a final purity of 99.8% based on relative quantification by IC. Thermal analysis revealed an exothermic temperature of $148^{\circ}C$ for the synthesized liquid monopropellant, but rose to $188^{\circ}C$ when urea was added.