• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.454-461
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• 2011

In this study, the relationship between corrosion resistance and microstructural characteristics such as grain size reduction, preferred orientation, and homogenous distribution of elements and impurity by mechanical milling of magnesium powder was investigated. Mechanical milling of pure magnesium powder exhibited a complex path to grain refinement and growth together with preferred orientation reversal with milling time. It was also found that anisotropic formation of dislocation on the basal plane of magnesium was initially the dominant mechanism for grain size reduction. After 60 hrs of milling, grain coarsening was observed and interpreted as a result of the strain relaxation process through recrystallization. In spite of the finer grain size and strong (002) texture developed in the sample prepared by spark plasma sintering at $500^{\circ}C$ for 5 min after mechanical milling for 2hrs, the sample showed a higher corrosion rate. The results from this study will be helpful for better understanding of the controlling factor for corrosion resistance and behaviors of mechanical milled magnesium powders.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.659-667
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• 1997

The effect of calcination temperature of Mg(OH)2 on the green density and densification of MgO was investigated. It was observed that the impure magnesium hydroxide powder showed a higher crystallization rate while it had a lower tendency of agglomeration between periclae crystallites, as compared to that of the pure magnesium hydroxide powder. In the case of calcination of the powders under 85$0^{\circ}C$, the impure powder showed the higher green and sintered density. In spite of higher green density upon the calcination over 100$0^{\circ}C$, the impure powder showed the lower sintered density, caused by exaggerated growth of the periclase crystallites. The highest sintered densities in the both powders were obtained at the calcination temperature of 100$0^{\circ}C$. And the green density was inversely proportional to the sintered density at the calcination over 100$0^{\circ}C$.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권9호
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• pp.2078-2084
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• 2020

Magnesium oxide (MgO) and Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully synthesized by solid-solid reaction method. The structural properties of ZnO and MgO NPs were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD results indicated a formation of pure MgO and ZnO NPs. The mean diameter values of the agglomerated particles were around to be 70 and 50 nm for MgO and ZnO NPs, respectively using SEM analysis. Further, a wide-range of nuclear radiation shielding investigation for gamma-ray and fast neutrons have been studied for Magnesium oxide (MgO) and Zinc oxide (ZnO) samples. FLUKA and Microshield codes have been employed for the determination of mass attenuation coefficients (μ_m) and transmission factors (TF) of Magnesium oxide (MgO) and Zinc oxide (ZnO) samples. The calculated values for mass attenuation coefficients (μ_m) were utilized to determine other vital shielding properties against gamma-ray radiation. Moreover, the results showed that Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with the lowest diameter value as 50 nm had a satisfactory capacity in nuclear radiation shielding.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.303-307
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• 2017

Pure $In_2O_3$, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% Mg doped $In_2O_3$ hollow spheres were synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of a solution containing In-, Mg-nitrate and sucrose and their gas sensing characteristics to 5 ppm $C_2H_5OH$, p-xylene, toluene, and HCHO were measured at 250, 300 and $350^{\circ}C$. Although the addition of Mg decreases the specific surface area and the volume of meso-pores, the gas response (resistance ratio) of the 0.5 wt% Mg doped $In_2O_3$ hollow spheres to 5 ppm $C_2H_5OH$ at $350^{\circ}C$ (69.4) was significantly higher than that of the pure $In_2O_3$ hollow spheres (24.4). In addition, the Mg doped $In_2O_3$ hollow spheres showed the highest selectivity to $C_2H_5OH$. This was attributed to the dehydrogenation of $C_2H_5OH$ assisted by basic MgO into reactive $CH_3CHO$ and $H_2$.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.286-292
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• 2017

Magnesium alloy shows strong anisotropy and asymmetric behavior in tension and compression curve, especially at room temperature. These characteristics limit the application of finite element method (FEM) which is based on conventional continuum mechanics. To accurately predict the material behavior of magnesium alloy at microstructural level, a methodology of fully coupled multiscale simulation is presented and a crystal plasticity model as a constitutive equation in the simulation of metal forming process is introduced in this study. The existing constitutive equation for rigid plastic FEM is modified to accommodate deviatoric stress component and its derivatives with respect to strain rate components. Viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystal model was selected as a constitutive model because it was regarded as the most robust model compared to Taylor model or Sachs model. Stiffness matrix and load vector were derived based on the new approach and implemented into $DEFORM^{TM}-3D$ via a user subroutine handling stiffness matrix at an elemental level. The application to extrusion and rolling process of pure magnesium is presented in this study to assess the validity of the proposed multiscale process.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 1983

This experiment has been carried out for the purpose of investigating the effect of $V_2O_5$ and $H_3BO_3$ additives on sintering of magnesium oxide over the temperature range of 1300-150$0^{\circ}C$ MgO powder has been obtained by calcin-ing extra reagent grade magnesium carbonate(basic) at 90$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. The specimens were prepared by compression with pressure of 700Kg/cm2 then fired at 1300-150$0^{\circ}C$ for 0-5hrs. Sintering behaviour and microstructure of fired specimens were examined. Densification rates obeyed the equation D=K 1n t+C. The ratio of density in case of addition of $V_2O_5$ to theoretical density of pure periclase was 95-99% Activation energy of densification in case of $V_2O_5$ addition was 30.15 Kcal/mole. The range of average grain size in case of addition of $V_2O_5$ was 40-50$\mu\textrm{m}$. $H_3BO_3$ addtivie had not an effect on densification of MgO.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2011

Magnesium alloys have been focussed for the applications for lightweight of vehicle and electronics due to their high strength, low specific density and good damping capacity. This paper deals with the creep strength of Mg-Nd-Zr-Zn alloy. For the alloy, pure magnesium(99.9%) was melt with atmosphere of $0.3%SF_6$ and $25%CO_2$. After melting, 0.3% of zinc was inserted to stir for 10min at elevated temperature of $770^{\circ}C$. Master alloys of Mg-15%Nd and Mg-15%Zr were stirred in furnace. The creep tests were performed to obtain creep rate and rupture in the temperature range of 200 to $220^{\circ}C$ and 280 to $310^{\circ}C$ at an applied stress of 156 to 172MPa and 78 to 94MPa, respectively. The deformation mechanism was predicted dislocation climb from measured apparent activation energy and stress exponent. Also the increaser the temperature and stress the lower the stress exponent and activation energy. Finally, LMP parameter gives good information for the predicted creep rupture life.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.3872-3883
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• 2024

This study investigates the effects of Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), and Iron (Fe) additions on the microstructure, corrosion behaviour, biocompatibility, mechanical, and gamma-ray shielding properties of Magnesium (Mg) alloys prepared in various compositions using powder metallurgy (PM). The microstructure and mechanical properties of these alloys were analyzed using electron microscopes (SEM and FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results showed positive changes in the material's structure when the percentage of zinc added to pure magnesium increased. It was observed that the material became ductile, and the ductile fracture increased when the zinc ratio increased. The gamma-ray shielding properties of newly produced Mg-based alloys have also been discussed since they have a high potential for use in space technologies. Radiation shielding measurements have been performed using a 3" × 3" NaI(Tl) scintillation detector NaI (Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer. The gamma-ray shielding parameters such as the linear attenuation coefficients (μ_l), mass attenuation coefficient (μ_m), effective atomic number (Z_eff), half-value layer (HVL), and tenth-value layer (TVL) have been determined experimentally at photon energies of 0.511 MeV (emitted from a²²Na radioactive point source) and 1.173 MeV and 1.332 MeV (emitting from a⁶⁰Co radioactive point source). The obtained parameters have been compared to the theoretical results of the XCOM software, and a satisfactory agreement has been found. It can be said from the results that the Mg30Zn alloy has the best shielding properties among the produced materials.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2007

The pure Mg powder compacts were successfully fabricated using SPS process. The machined chip powder showed flake shaped morphology with coarse surfaces, while gas atomized powders were spherical in morphology with smooth surfaces. In this study, SPS process was used to consolidate the pure Mg powder because this process allows high density consolidation in a short time. The results showed that increased sintering temperature from $350^{\circ}C$ to $500^{\circ}C$ with pressure of 30MPa, the maximum values of the density was increased from 98.1% to 99.8% of theoretical density, respectively. However, density of the sintered chip powders was higher than that of gas-atomized powder due to larger contact areas between particles.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2012년도 추계총회 및 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.16-16
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• 2012

Mg and its alloys have been of great interest because of their low density of 1.7, 30% lighter than Al, but their wide applications have been limited because of their poor resistances against corrosion and/or abrasion. Corrosion resistance of Mg alloys can be improved by formation of anodic films using anodic oxidation method in aqueous electrolytes. Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is one of anodic oxidation methods by which hard anodic films can be formed as a result of micro-arc generation under high electric field. PEO method utilize not only substrate elements but also chemical components in electrolytes to form anodic films on Mg alloys. PEO films formed on AM50 magnesium alloy in an acidic fluozirconate electrolyte were observed to consist of mainly $ZrO_2$ and $MgF_2$. Liu et al reported that PEO coating on AM30 Mg alloy consists of $MgF_2$-rich outer porous layer and an MgO-rich dense inner layer. PEO films prepared on ACM522 Mg die-casting alloy in an aqueous phosphate solution were also reported to be composed of monoclinic $Mg_3(PO_4)_2$. $CeO_2$-incorporated PEO coatings were also reported to be formed on AZ31 Mg alloys in $CeO_2$ particle-containing $Na_2SiO_3$-based electrolytes. Magnesium tin hydroxide ($MgSn(OH)_6$) was also produced on AZ91D alloy by PEO process in stannate-containing electrolyte. Effects of $OH^-$, $F^-$, $PO{_4}^{3-}$ and $SiO{_3}^{2-}$ ions and alloying elements of Al and Sn on the formation of PEO films on pure Mg and Mg alloys and their protective properties against corrosion have been investigated in this work. $PO{_4}^{3-}$, $F^-$ and $SiO{_3}^{2-}$ ions were observed to contribute to the formation of PEO films but $OH^-$ ions were found to break down the surface films under high electric field. The effect of pulse current on the formation of PEO films will be also reported.