• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.155-166
• /
• 2020

Ductile fracture prediction is critical for the reasonable damage extent assessment of ships and offshore structures subjected to accidental loads, such as ship collisions and groundings. A fracture model combining the Hosford-Coulomb ductile fracture model with the domain of solid-to-shell equivalence model (HC-SDDE), was used in fracture simulations based on shell elements for the punching fracture experiments of unstiffened and stiffened panels. The flow stress and ductile fracture characteristics of JIS G3131 SPHC steel were identified through tension tests for flat bar, notched tension bar, central hole tension bar, plane strain tension bar, and pure shear bar specimens. Punching fracture tests for unstiffened and stiffened panels are conducted to validate the presented HC-DSSE model. The calibrated fracture model is implemented in a user-defined material subroutine. The force-indentation curves and final damage extents obtained from the simulations are compared with experimental results. The HC-DSSE fracture model provides reasonable estimations in terms of force-indentation paths and residual damage extents.

• Advances in Computational Design
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.273-294
• /
• 2019

In this paper is presented the minimum cost (optimal design) for reinforced concrete circular isolated footings based on an analytic model. This model considers a load and two moments in directions of the X and Y axes, and the pressure has a variation linear, these are the effects that act on the footing. The minimum cost (optimal design) and the Maple program are shown in Flowcharts. Two numerical experiments are shown to obtain the minimum cost design of the two materials that are used for a circular footing supporting an axial load and moments in two directions in accordance to the code of the ACI (American Concrete Institute), and it is compared against the current design (uniform pressure). Also, the same examples are developed through the normal procedure to verify the minimum cost (optimal design) presented in this document, i.e., the equations of moment, bending shear and punching shear are used to check the thickness, and after, the steel areas of the footing are obtained, and it is compared against the current design (uniform pressure). Results section show that the optimal design is more accurate and more economical than to any other model. Therefore, it is concluded that the optimized design model presented in this paper should be used to obtain the minimum cost design for the circular isolated footings.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2008

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제26권11호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2010

성토지지말뚝시스템을 적용하여 연약지반 상에 성토를 설계 시공하고자 할 경우 말뚝지지 성토지반 내에 지반아칭이 발달할 수 있도록 한계성토고를 설계하는 방법이 마련되었다. 먼저 말뚝캡보의 간격이 비교적 넓은 경우를 대상으로 일련의 모형실험을 실시하여 성토단계에 따른 성토하중의 하중전이거동을 조사하고 성토지반 속에 지반아칭이 충분히 발달되기 시작할 때의 성토고를 실험적으로 관찰하였다. 모형실험결과, 하중전이거동은 말뚝지지성토지반 내에 지반아칭이 발달될 수 있느냐 여부를 결정지을 수 있는 성토고에 영향을 많이 받음을 알 수 있었다. 저성토단계에서는 성토지반 속에 지반아칭이 아직 발달되지 못한 관계로 펀칭전단파괴모드에 의하여 성토하중이 말뚝캡보에 하중전이가 진행되었고 고성토단계에서는 지반아칭이 발달하여 지반아칭파괴모드에 의하여 하중전이가 진행되었다. 이들 저성토단계와 고성토단계에서 측정된 연직하중의 실험치는 각각의 파괴모드에 의한 하중전이 메커니즘에 근거하여 이전 연구에서 유도 제시된 이론식들로 산정된 예측치와 좋은 일치를 보였다. 또한 모형실험결과 저성토단계의 펀칭전단파괴모드에 의한 하중전이 메커니즘에서 고성토단계의 지반아칭파괴모드에 의한 하중전이 메커니즘으로 변화하는 시점의 한계성토고가 존재함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 성토지반 속에 지반아칭을 충분히 발달시키려면 성토를 이 한계성토고 보다 높게 설계 시공하여야 함을 알았다. 또한 펀칭전단과 지반아칭에 의한 하중전이 메커니즘에 의거 유도 제안되었던 전이하중 산정 이론식을 같게 놓음으로서 한계성토고를 산정할 수 있는 이론식을 유도할 수 있었고 이 이론식으로 한계성토고의 실험치를 잘 예측할 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제76권1호
• /
• pp.83-99
• /
• 2020

Shear walls are structural members in buildings that are used extensively in reinforced concrete frame buildings, and almost exclusively in the UK, regardless of whether or not they are actually required. In recent years, the UK construction industry, led by the Concrete Centre, has questioned the need for such structural elements in low to mid-rise reinforced concrete frame buildings. In this context, a typical modern, 5-storey residential building is studied, and its existing shear walls are replaced with columns as used elsewhere in the building. The aim is to investigate the impact of several design variables, including concrete grade, column size, column shape and slab thickness, on the building's structural performance, considering two punching shear limits (V_Ed/V_Rd,c), lateral drift and accelerations, to evaluate its maximum possible height under wind actions without the inclusion of shear walls. To facilitate this study, a numerical model has been developed using the ETABS software. The results demonstrate that the building examined does not require shear walls in the design and has no lateral displacement or acceleration issues. In fact, with further analysis, it is shown that a similar building could be constructed up to 13 and 16 storeys high for 2 and 2.5 punching shear ratios (V_Ed/V_Rd,c), respectively, with adequate serviceability and strength, without the need for shear walls, albeit with thicker columns.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.21-34
• /
• 2023

This work presents a complete optimal model for trapezoidal combined footings that support a concentric load and moments around of the "X" and "Y" axes in each column to obtain the minimum area and the minimum cost. The model presented in this article considers a pressure diagram that has a linear variation (real pressure) and the equations are not limited to some cases. The classic model takes into account a concentric load and the moment around of the "X" axis (transverse axis) that is applied due to each column, i.e., the resultant force is located at the geometric center of the footing on the "Y" axis (longitudinal axis), and when the concentric load and moments around of the "X" and "Y" axes act on the footing is considered the uniform pressure applied on the contact surface of the footing, and it is the maximum pressure. Four numerical problems are presented to find the optimal design of a trapezoidal combined footing under a concentric load and moments around of the "X" and "Y" axes due to the columns: Case 1 not limited in the direction of the Y axis; Case 2 limited in the direction of the Y axis in column 1; Case 3 limited in the direction of the Y axis in column 2; Case 4 limited in the direction of the Y axis in columns 1 an 2. The complete optimal design in terms of cost optimization for the trapezoidal combined footings can be used for the rectangular combined footings considering the uniform width of the footing in the transversal direction, and also for different reinforced concrete design codes, simply by modifying the resisting capacity equations for moment, for bending shear, and for the punching shear, according to each of the codes.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2012

횡방향으로 프리스트레스가 도입된 장지간 PSC 바닥판의 정적 거동을 예측하기 위한 유한요소해석 모델을 구성하고, 해석결과를 선행연구에 의한 실험결과와 비교하였다. 유한요소해석에 의하여 서로 다른 콘크리트 강도와 프리스트레스 크기를 변수로 갖는 각각의 실험체에 대한 하중-처짐 관계 곡선을 비교적 근접하게 추정할 수 있었다. 또한, 변형률 분포와 변수에 따른 극한강도 변화로부터 펀칭전단에 의한 파괴형태와 손상범위 등을 간접적으로 예측할 수 있었다. 이 연구에서 활용된 유한요소해석 모델은 펀칭전단파괴에 의한 펀칭콘의 분리를 사실적으로 재현하기 위한 목적이 아니며, 실험연구를 위한 보조적 수단으로서 정적거동예측과 실험결과의 보완 등에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.493-507
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 축소모형실험을 통해 석회암 공동 상부에 존재하는 구조물 기초의 안정성을 검토하였다. 공동의 형상은 단축장축비율 1/3인 타원형으로 가정하고, 공동의 심도, 위치, 경사, 크기, 개수를 변화시킨 5가지 그룹, 12개 모형들을 실험하였다. 실험결과로서 모형별 균열개시압력, 최대압력, 변형거동, 파괴양상, 침하곡선을 구하였으며, 공동의 제반 조건들이 기초의 안정성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 무공동 모형은 전단파괴를 보였으나, 공동 포함 모형들은 관입파괴만 발생한 경우, 전단파괴와 관입파괴가 함께 발생한 경우, 전단파괴가 이중으로 발생한 경우 등의 다소 복잡한 파괴형식을 보였다. 공동의 심도가 작을수록, 크기가 클수록, 개수가 많을수록 기초의 안정성은 감소하였다. 공동의 일부가 기초저면의 직하부에 놓일 때는 부등침하가 관찰되었고, 공동들의 분포상태에 따라 침하곡선은 다른 형태를 보였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.767-786
• /
• 2014

This paper presents the design of reinforced concrete circular footings subjected to axial load and bending in two directions using a new model. The new model considers the soil real pressure acting on contact surface of the circular footings and these are different, with a linear variation in the contact area, these pressures are presented in terms of the axial load, moments around the axis "X" and the axis "Y". The classical model takes into account only the maximum pressure of the soil for design of footings and it is considered uniform at all points of contact area. Also, a comparison is presented in terms of the materials used (steel and concrete) between the two models shown in table, being greater the classical model with respect the new model. Therefore, the new model is the most appropriate, since it is more economic and also is adjusted to real conditions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.745-765
• /
• 2015

This paper presents the design of reinforced concrete combined footings of trapezoidal form subjected to axial load and moments in two directions to each column using a new model to consider soil real pressure acting on the contact surface of the footing; such pressure is presented in terms of an axial load, moment around the axis "X" and moment around the axis "Y" to each column. The classical model considers an axial load and moment around the axis "X" (transverse axis) applied to each column, and when the moments in two directions are taken into account, the maximum pressure throughout the contact surface of the footing is considered the same. The main part of this research is that the proposed model considers soil real pressure and the classical model takes into account the maximum pressure, and also is considered uniform. We conclude that the proposed model is more suited to the real conditions and is more economical.