• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 1992

In Nan-Gyung, showed that could know the lung condition taking pulse with the weight of three beans, the heart condition taking pulse with the weight of six beans, the spleen condition taking pulse with the weight of nine beans, the liver condition taking pulse with the weight of twelve beans, the kidney condition pressing to bone(骨). This theory is first suggested in Nan-Gyung(難經). In those case, the weight of three, six, nine, twelve beans and pressing to bone don't mean not the real weight but the relative weight(輕重) of taking pulse(按脈). In other words, those represent Boo Jung Chin(浮中沈), which are the conception of the upper, the meddle, the lower part(上中下). So, we could take pulse of the heart and the lung condition in Boo(浮), the spleen condition in Jung(中), and the liver and the kidney condition in Chim(沈). The heart and the lung pulse showed in the Boo(float level) must be seen with Boo-Mack(부맥 : float pulse), the liver and the kidney pulse showed in Chim (sinklevel) must be seen also with Chin-Mack(沈脈 : sink pulse). The result of the method of taking pulse of viscera with relative weight focused on the as pect of mornal pulse(平脈) and disease pulse(病脈) of five viscera in Mack-Gyung publeshed later than Nan-Gyung and special works which made a comprehensive survey the result is as follow. 1. In normal pulse of five viscera, the heart and the lunk pulse were shown with Boo-Mack(浮脈:float pulse) as the central figure, the liver's and the kidney's pulse were shown centering around Chim-Mack(沈脈: sink pulse) and the spleen's pulse was shown with Wan-Mack(緩脈) which is vital force of stomach(胃氣) and seen in only middle part. 2. In disease pulse of five viscera, frequently, the heart and the lung pulse was shown as Chim-Mack(sink pulse), the liver and the kidney pulse was seen as Boo-Mack (float pulse). 3. In the case of normal pulse. the method of taking pulse with relative weight in Nan-Gyung agree with the normal pulse of five viscera in Mack-Gyung. But in the case of disease pulse, they didn't correspond with the other. 4. So the method of taking pulse with relative weight in Nan-Gyung is not the exam pulse which ca be used in the clinical diagnosis but one of the feeling pulse way to bring in the conception of location of the visceras. 5. From now on, the method of taking pulse rdlated to relative weight need to be looked into minutely compared with later physician's theory than Mack-Gyung.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Objectives : For the excellent differentiation of syndromes, we study on the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Methods : To the subject of diagnosis special books and diagnostics textbook of korean medicine, we arrange the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Results : The interrogation of history taking on the individual characteristic factor was arranged dispositional symptoms and individual characteristic of syndromes. And the pulse taking and palpation on the individual characteristic factor was arranged the moderate person's pulse condition ; floating pulse, deep and sinking pulse, replete and forceful pulse, intermittent pulse, long pulse, slippery or smooth pulse, relaxed or loose pulse (浮沈實大長滑緩脈), six Yin and six Yang pulse (六陽脈, 六陰脈). Conclusions : As the results, the individual characteristic factor is very important item of the four methods of diagnosis and the differentiation of syndromes. And therefore, we have to divide the signs of individual characteristic factor and the signs of disease in the process on four methods of diagnosis and differentiation of syndromes.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.57-65
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• 2007

This present study tried to observe an each feature that the difference of Neijing(內經) and Nanjing(難經) descriptions about the three-portion and nine-position pulse taking(三部九候脈). It was interpreted and contradistinguished that discrimination of position, diagnosis object, and the perceptions of Earth of the center among the Five Phase of each literature were described in Neijing and Nanjing for the three-portion and nine-position(三部九候). In Neijing, the three-portion and nine-position method divided three parts the whole body. Then the each three parts again divided with Heaven, Earth and Man(天地人). About the corresponding parts of pulse diagnosis, there mentioned for the head and the Zang-Fu organs(臟腑), but not mentioned for the hand and foot. In addition, Earth is assigned to the Earth(土), an each Earth accounted for the source of life. In Nanjing, three-portion divided Chon, Gwan, and Cheok(寸關尺) and each spots separated three stage of pulse taking. For the pulse taking spots and diagnosis, there mentioned the hand and foot instead of the unclear mention of Zang-Fu organs. Then Gwan spot and middle stage of pulse taking were assigned to the Earth, respectively. It was emphasized stomach Qi(胃氣) that the region of Earth, Gwan spot and middle stage among the pulse taking spots each literature were described in Neijing, Nanjing.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.77-93
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• 2017

Objectives : Clear and detailed analysis on Pulse-taking on both Carotid and Wrist Pulses is an absolute prerequisite if it is to be applied in real practice or its practical value proven. Methods : The original notes found in Suwen and Lingshu, their translations, and conventional studies regarding Suwen LiuJieCangXiangLun's Pulse-taking are compared and analyzed to find cases within medical texts where this method was used and to get an idea of the direction taken by the conventional study. Results : The ilsung, esung, samsung, and sasung of Carotid (or wrist pulses) refers that the pulse is one-, two-, three-, four-fold in differences. Refrainment should be practiced while comparing carotid and wrist pulses. Rather, they need to be compared with their normal states. Used by Luo Tianyi in Ming Dunasty, this method of pulse-taking was used for (radial artery) when diagnosing and treating the degree of seriousness of food injury. The measurement of maximum blood flow velocity using TCD done recently proved the validity of this pulse-taking, and it's been used for alleviating hypertension or tinnitus through acupuncture, or abating intractable diseases (around carotid). Conclusions : The obscurity of the measuring method of this pulse-taking can be resolved, and the problem which occurs while comparing carotid and wrist pulses can be solved. Even though there are differences in opinion regarding the positions when comparing the two pulses, their practical values are acknowledged since their usages in diagnosis, treatments, experiments, and researches have yielded positive results to a degree. They may not be used that often, but they are nonetheless under utilization.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.137-149
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• 2007

Diagnostic method by taking pulse is generally accepted as a clinical diagnosis of today. Theoretical foundation of the method was laid by "Hwangjenaegyeong" and "Nangyeong". Since then, it was quoted by "Sanghallon" and systematically applied to diagnoses by making a diagnosis in the light of pulse condition and symptoms observed so that the original form of the method was shaped thereby. And therefore, theoretical significance of diagnostic method by taking pulse was drawn in this paper to define the theory of pulse feeling. Furthermore, this paper is corroborative of that the purpose of diagnostic method by taking pulse is to diagnose pyo-lee and jang-bu; wind-cold-warmth-heat; and deficiency and excess of gi and blood as well as substantially prove it with the texts of "Sanghallon".

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.23-48
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• 2010

Onbyeong(溫病) is called an acute epidemic febrile disease caused by warm pathogen, a major symptom of Onbyeong is high fever. Doctrine of Onbyeong is a study of an occurrence, progress and treatments of an acute epidemic febrile disease. Doctrine of Onbyeong is valid in the Cheong Dynasty at China. Now, a theory of doctrine of Onbyeong at China and Korea is being applied in not only an acute febrile disease but also many other lifestyle diseases. Onbyeongjobyeon is a book written by Oguktong(吳鞠通). Oguktong was influenced by Jangjung-gyeong(張仲景) "Sanghanron(傷寒論)". Oguktong had organized Seopcheonsa(葉天士)'s medical thoughts and Oguktong's medical experiences. A Samcho(三焦) deteriorated case is divided into three groups - Upper, Middle and Lower-energizer - that is discussed of a vertical progress of Onbyeong. And a Wigiyeonghyeol(衛氣營血) deteriorated case is divided into four groups - Wi, Gi, Yeong and Hyeol - that is discussed of a horizontal progress of Onbyeong. In Korean medicine, there are four types of diagnosis which are watching, listening, asking and taking. Informations, got by four types diagnosis are synthesized and classified for medical treatments. A pulse diagnosis belongs to a method by taking a wrist among four diagnosis. A Korean Medicine doctor makes a conclusion of cause, region and condition of disease by taking a pulse. Because all organs in human body are connected by a meridian system. organs conditions are reflected in a meridian system. So by taking a pulse, a progress and a prognosis of disease is diagnosed In this thesis, by taking a pulse on "Onbyeongjobyeon(溫病條辨)", a location and a feature of disease's cause with weakness and strength of a vital force are examined, and a character of a pulse diagnosis of Onbyeong is examined.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.240-245
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• 2015

Pulse diagnosis, the most popular diagnostic tool in traditional Korean medicine, had had many forms but had been fixed on using wrist pulse and placing internal organs on Cun, Guan and Chi(寸 關 尺). Wang Shuhe(王叔和) suggested placing six viscera(六腑) on Cun, Guan and Chi based on relationship between external and internal meridian vessel, and Zhang Jiebin(張介賓) criticized his suggestion and insisted that pulse diagnosis should be based on the organ system. But the origin of pulse diagnosis which can be found in "(Huangdi's) Internal Classic(黃帝內經)" is a tool mainly for diagnosis of not internal organ system but meridian system. Most of material about pulse diagnosis after Ming dynasty(明代) reinterpreted pulse diagnosis in the aspect of organ system, So there has to be additional discussion about it.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2004

Pulse-feeling took its origin from making a diagnosis along meridians in the course of discovering and forming meridians and for a long time its meaning was mixed with meridians in the course of recognizing "The Pulse" then was separated from meridians in the early days of Western Han Dynasty. Ancient pulse-feeling methods are pulse-feeling method by the twelve regular meridians, pulse-feeling method by three regions and nine modes, pulse-feeling method by Inyeong(人迎) and Chon-gu(寸口), etc. Pulse-feeling was changed in proportion to diagnostic purpose and method of treating and if method and region of pulse-feeling is arranged, we will infer correlation between meridians and pulse-feeling and will infer transitional system of past pulse-feeling and will forecast transition of future pulse-feeling. As the result that I study the transition of the above three pulse-feeling methods of meridians diagnosis: 1. Three pulse-feeling methods of meridians diagnosis flowed into diagnostic method by taking pulse of setting six region for Chon(寸), Gwan(關) and Cheok(尺), i.e. the Chon[寸] spot pulse of $\ll$Nan-gyeong$\gg$ and were changed into diagnostic method being fit for use of five Su points, The Front-Mo points and Back-Su points that grasp the pathology of mutual internal organs and treat the disease. 2. Today it is suggesting the transition of another pulse-feeling method that do not apply diagnostic method by taking pulse of setting six region for Chon(寸), Gwan(關) and Cheok(尺), i.e. the Chon[寸] spot pulse of $\ll$Nan-gyeong$\gg$ to 19C Sasang(四象) Constitutional Medicine or 20C Eight Constitutional Medicine.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1670-1675
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• 2007

The pulse diagnosis studies reported to date has mainly been performed to clinically reveal the pulse wave characteristics according to the specific diseases, whereas no attempts have been made to study the effects on the pulse wave characteristics of the daily activities such as taking meals, exercise, and sleep, etc. This work reports the effect of feeding stimulus on the healthy subjects on the pulse wave pattern which has quantitatively been analyzed using the objective model for the pulse diagnosis in oriental medicine. The pulse waves right before/after the meal and 30 minutes after the meal were measured using the pulse analyzing equipment (3D-Mac, Daeyo Medi, Korea) and at the same time oriental medicine doctors' diagnoses were given. The pulse parameters obtained from the equipment and clinical records on the subjects were statistically processed and the variables showing statistically significant differences were analyzed. The results indicate that the pulse pressure, the pulse rate, and the respiratory rate increase while the blood pressure decreases after the meal. For the floating/sinking and the deficient/excess coefficients characterizing the pulse states described in the oriental medicine, the floating/sinking coefficients were observed to decrease whereas the deficiency/excess coefficients increase after the meal. The results indicates that besides the standard bio-indicators like blood pressure and respiratory rate, etc., the pulse wave characterization in terms of the pulse classifications in the oriental medicine using the floating/sinking, deficient/excess pulse states provide an important piece of biomedical information.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to observe clinically the anti-cholesterol effects on the prescription of red onion. Materials and methods: The subject of study were middle-aged people. We measured clinically physiological index, body composition, radial arterial pulse wave after 2 month by taking medicine (the prescription of red onion) Results: The study results were as follows. 1. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of subjects were decreased significantly in the statistics. 2. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were decreased significantly after 2 month taking medicine. Triglyceride was decreased after 2 month but there was no significant difference and high density lipoprotein was increased after 2 month but there was no significant difference. 3. Waist-Hip ratio, body mass index and body fat percentage were decreased significantly in the statistics, after 2 month taking medicine. 4. HR was increased significantly in the statistics after 2 month but ESV and ECO were decreased signficantly in the statistics after 2 month taking medicine. 5. Pulse wave energy was increased after 2 month but there was no significant difference in the statistics. 6. RAI was decreased significantly in the statistics after 2 month taking medicine. Conclusion: The prescription of purple onion was showed significant change in physiological index, character of body composition, blood circulation index, pulse wave energy and RAI. Therefore it was showed the effect of anti-cholesterol blood circulation clinically. In the future, with diversified study on effect of prescription of purple onion, Oriental medicinal herbs will be used extensively.