• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.62-75
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study was to publicly report the hospital-level surgical volume for 7 types of surgery including gastrectomy. Also, to investigate the changes in patient behaviors after the public reporting among patients with gastrectomy. Methods: This study used data from the National Health Insurance Service Cohort. The data comprised of 2,214 patients who were diagnosed with gastric cancer and underwent gastrectomy during 2004-2012. An interrupted time series analysis was performed to investigate the association between patients' choice and public reporting. Results: 79.27% of the patients visited a hospital with high surgical volume. The time trend after introduction of public reporting was positively associated with visiting a high volume hospital (per 1 month, RR: 1.004, p=0.0329). However, after adjusting the health policies by reducing copayment, public reporting on surgical volume was not associated with visiting a high volume hospital. Sub-group analyses had also similar results. Conclusion: Patients were more affected by policies on economic support than on public reporting, and the changes in treatment options may have been affected by the increasing preference for large size hospitals. Thus, public reporting did not significantly improve the options available for patients and their decision making on health care utilization.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2012

Nuclear power provides 30% of our country's power, which acts as one of the most important power sources. But on March 11, 2011, the earthquake that hit Northeast Japan with a 9.0 magnitude, known as the Fukushima Reactor Leak Incident has created fear in the public's mind that 'nuclear power is unstable'. The reason for such distrust are many but inaccurate reports of the incident by the media has added to the fear. This paper will analyze the contents of the media report of the heavy water leakage in reactor 3 at the Wolsong Nuclear Power Plant on October 4, 1999 to discover the problematic areas and ascertain a more appropriate method of media coverage.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.77
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• pp.69-89
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• 2018

The United States of America is one of the most favoring countries in which mandatory pre-arbitration clauses in the form of adhesion contract have been widely recognized and supported by courts and the Federal Arbitration Act. However, after the financial crisis in 2008 and the National Arbitration Forum scandal in 2009, in enacting the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ('Dodd-Frank Act'), Section 1028(a) of the Act requires the newly created Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to provide Congress with a report on "the use of agreements providing for arbitration of any future dispute between covered persons and consumers". Section 1028(b) also grants the CFPB the authority to "prohibit or impose conditions or limitations on the use of an agreement between a covered person and a consumer for a consumer financial product or service providing for arbitration of any future dispute between the parties, if the Bureau finds that such a prohibition or imposition of conditions or limitations is in the public interest and for the protection of consumers." Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFPB issued a report entitled "2015 Arbitration Study: Report to Congress 2015 (Report)" in March 2015. This paper examines some major legal issues of the Report and makes a few recommendations for Korean financial institutions which entered into the U.S. financial market or has a plan to do so in the near future.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.44-55
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop an environmental report for children and to examine the learning effects of the environmental report on elementary school students. This study is carried out by the survey. The results of this study are as follows. First, the Environmental Report for children, which consists of 8 subjects related to the environmental policy in Korea. 1) Green Growth and Sustainable Policy, 2) Climate Change, 3) Water Supply and Sewage Policy, 4) Sustainable Watershed Management, 5) Conservation of Biodiversity, 6) Resource Recirculation, 7) Environmental Health for Children, and 8) Environmental Dictionary, was systematically developed. Second, the Environmental report developed was examined the effects to third and fourth grade elementary school students in Incheon and Daegu. By dividing elementary school students into two groups: A Control group and an Experimental group, the lessons were respectively executed. In conclusion, the Environmental Report leads to good effects when it is applied to both Environmental Education and the public relation of the Environmental Policy in Korea. Finally, it would be expected to be efficient in learning Sustainable Development and the Environmental Policy.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.58-69
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• 1992

The purposes of this study were 1) to assess the currunt documentation system 2) to identify the problems in communication regarding to documentation 3) to develop new documentation system 4) to suggest effective communication channel using new documentation system Research was conducted by direct observation, chart review, staffs interview and servey. Results were as follows: 1) nursing care plans were not used in ongoing care 2) documentation format was primarily narrative and charting was time consuming 3) documentation did not reflect the nursing process 4) patient records were not used as effective communication tool between case manager and part time nurse 5) difficult access to patient record for nurse manager created inefficiency in coordinating 6) documentation of patient education did not describe the precise contents of education, and the responses of the patients and evaluation To solve these problems, new documentation format was developed. With new formats nurses : 1) use standardized care plan which contains nursing diagnosis, ecpected outcome, time frame for evaluation, flow sheet for updating the plans 2) leave one copy of care plan at patient home for mutual agreement with patent and communication among nursing staffs 3) carry one copy of care plan for updating 4) document and evaluate the patient education using education check list keeping in patient's home 5) document nursing process in focus charting visit report 6) carry one copy of visit report 7) have one copy of visit report which was deligated to part time nurses 8) use documentation in direct communication with part time nurse 9) use beeper and memo to promote communication

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 2007

Objectives : We aimed to assess the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and lung cancer in the Republic of Korea. Methods : Using the Annual Report of Ambient Air Quality in Korea, Annual Report of National Cancer Registration, and Annual Report on the Cause of Death Statistics, we calculated the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of lung cancer for both sexes in 74 areas from 7 Korean metropolitan cities. We performed random intercept, Poisson regression using empirical Bayes method. Results : Both SMRs and SIRs in the 7 metropolitan cities were higher in women than in men. Mean SIRs were 99.0 for males and 107.0 for females. The association between $PM_{10}$ and lung cancer risk differed according to gender. $PM_{10}$ was not associated with the risk of lung cancer in males, but both incidence and mortality of lung cancer were positively associated with $PM_{10}$ in females. The estimated percentage increases in the rate of female lung cancer mortality and incidence were 27% and 65% at the highest $PM_{10}$ category $({\geq}70\;{\mu}g/m^3)$, compared to the referent category $({\geq}50\;{\mu}g/m^3)$. Conclusions : Long-term exposure to $PM_{10}$ was significantly associated with female lung cancer incidence in 7 Korean metropolitan cities. Further study is undergoing to estimate the relative risk of $PM_{10}$ using multi-level analysis for controlling individual and regional confounders such as smoking and socioeconomic position.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.90-102
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to analyze the current status of hypertension related information on the mass-media. Data were collected on the hypertension related reports in three major broadcasting centers, KBS1$\cdot$2, MBC, SBS, for 2 years, 1999-2001. Sample of the study was 134 reports. The results were as follows: 1. There were differences in frequencies by broadcasting center and programs. KBS and 9PM News were highest in proportions, $62.6\%\;and\;37.3\%$ respectively. 2. In regard to reporting time, $90\%$ were reported in the afternoon. and $62.5\%$ of those reports were in 9 PM, followed by 8PM. & 7PM. and 6AM. 3. In regard to area of the report, $35.8\%$ belonged to social section, followed by $26.1\%$ science. $15.7\%$ international. and $11.2\%$ life and health. 4. In terms of monthly distribution, December, November, and August had higher proportion of reports than other months as well as fall and winter. 5. There were higher proportion of reports containing 'treatment and management' with 'complication management' targeted to 'patients' than 'prevention' targeted to 'general population' in terms of content of the report. In summary, MBC and SBS were more focused on 'treatment and management' with KBS more focused on 'prevention'. There were more 'prevention' related reports in summer, and 'complication management' reports in the morning with 'treatment and management' reports in the afternoon.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.195-201
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to report the treatment effects of Korean medicine for patients with lateral epicondylitis. This study was done on 12 cases of patients with lateral epicondylitis who visited in Korean Medicine Clinic of Ganghwa-gun Public Health Care Center. We used muscle contraction/relaxation strengthen technique, Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), acupuncture on patients and mesured numerical rating scale (NRS), pain disability index (PDI), and grip strength test to evaluate treatment effects. Among twelve patients, eleven cases showed decreasing in NRS and all cases showed decreasing in PDI. Ten cases showed increasing in grip strength test. Korean medical treatments including muscle contraction/relaxation strengthen technique and IASTM are thought to be one of the effective treatment for patients with lateral epicondylitis.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.39-45
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• 2020

Purpose: The stock price delay phenomenon refers to a phenomenon in which stock prices do not immediately reflect corporate information and the reflection is delayed. A prior study reported that the stock price delay phenomenon appears strongly when the quality of corporate information is low (Callen, Khan, & Lu, 2013). The purpose of the internal accounting control system is to improve the reliability of accounting information. Specifically, the more professionals such as certified public accountants are placed in the internal accounting control system, the more information is prevented from being distorted, so the occurrence of stock price delay will decrease. Research design, data and methodology: In this study, companies listed on the securities market from 2012 to 2016 were selected as a sample to analyze whether the stock price delay phenomenon is alleviated as accounting experts are assigned to the internal accounting control system. The internal control personnel data were collected in the "Internal Accounting Control System Operation Report" attached to the business report of each company of the Financial Supervisory Service's Electronic Disclosure System(DART). The measurement method of the stock price delay phenomenon was referred to the study of Hou and Moskowitz (2005). The final sample used in the study is 2,641 firm-years. Results: It was found that companies with certified accountants in the internal accounting control system alleviate the stock price delay phenomenon. This result can be interpreted as increasing the speed at which corporate information is reflected in the stock price by improving the reliability of information disclosed in the market by the placement of experts in the system. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that accounting professionals assigned to the internal accounting control system are playing a positive role in providing high-quality information to the market. In this study, focusing on the fact that the speed at which corporate information is reflected in the stock price is very important for the stakeholders in the capital market, we find that having a certified public accountant in the internal accounting control system alleviates the stock price delay phenomenon.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examines the factors affecting patient-centered nursing among regional public hospital nurses, with a focus on communications, professionalism, organizational culture, and teamwork. Methods: We included 162 nurses working at five regional public hospitals in G province. Data were collected from October 7 through October 19, 2019 using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS (Version 24.0). Results: The factors affecting patient-centered nursing included an innovation-oriented culture, working in an intensive care unit, hierarchy-oriented culture, and nursing professionalism. These variables explained 43% of patient-centered nursing. Conclusions: These results suggest that enhancing an innovation-oriented culture is necessary for patient-centered nursing and to improve nurses' awareness about the importance of patient-centered nursing. Moreover, organizational efforts are required to increase nurses' professionalism through suitable educational programs in regional public hospitals.