• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.432-439
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• 2011

The effects of characteristics of community pharmacists on consultation time for prescription (RX) and nonprescription drugs (nRX) were investigated. A crosssectional descriptive design was established with a self-administered anonymous mail survey. Response rate was 52%. Significant pharmacists' factors related to having less than 3 minutes consultation for RX were one's dispensing duties exceeding 50%, low satisfaction with one's own level of consultation, working at the pharmacies nearby clinics, or shorter duration of consultation time for nRX. Consultation promoting conditions should be built up for the provision of sufficient consultation.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.255-264
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• 2013

This paper diagnosed the assessment problems and development types of the simple statement of the Sea Area Utilization Consultation System. and suggested the key assessment items for system improvement. The major types of Public Water occupation and use, and distribution characteristic of regional and coastal were analyzed by evaluate 529 review items during 2010-2012. The artificial structure installation including harbor and fishing port facilities in the South and West coast, and seawater supply and drainage for land-based aquaculture and power plant were dominated. The checklists considering each types of occupation and use in Public Water were suggested. In addition, policy proposals for system improvement were suggested.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.173-180
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• 2013

As a way to raise the brand value of each area and activate local industries, public design projects have been competitively made. Meanwhile, public design has the characteristics of having an uncertain number of users, people with different interests, and management of the design by an administrative organization. Such characteristics may be obstacles to the results of public design and finally can cause many problems in a project's results. However, although most local governments have executed public design projects, systematic research for them and organized execution of the projects has been insufficient. For successful realization, proper organization, and consistent public design, research on a strategic design process is needed. Therefore, this study investigated the current status of public design projects to understand problems in the design process and solve them. The results are presented as follows: First, the design process for public spaces has a dual structure including a specialized process of design development in its execution and management and the execution process in the planning state is unsatisfactory and the process of designer selection is not consistent. Second, as a result of investigating the current status of the design process for public spaces, it was deduced that as most of the projects have been subjectively and temporarily managed by wholly charged organizations without specialized consultation or investigation with different related departments, there have been diverse problems in securing design quality. Third, as a result of analysing the specific execution processes carefully, it was suggested that problems in the process can be solved by decisions through consultation and discussion. As well supportive consultation systems should be used actively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.211-217
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• 2016

In case of the Sea Areas Utilization Consultation about fishery harbor facilities there has been problems excepting a mooring facility and having the same scope of business subject with harbor, while those scale are different. In this study, we analyzed the 17 cases of the statements for Sea Areas Utilization Consultation according to the development projects of fishery harbors for 2013-2014 and suggested the improvement way to go. First, it is needed to reassess the scope of business subject about fishery harbor because the environmental effects about the development projects for the fishery harbor are not considered separately by facilities, development project for the fishery harbor. Therefore, the reassessment about them are needed surely. Second, the adjustment of the range about fishery harbor facilities on the Sea Area Utilization Consultation is needed because in case of most small fishery ports, the sizes of those facilities are less than the boundary area ($50,000m^2$). Last, consultation subjects shall be more clear in order to protect confusions-related with applying for the Consultation on Utilization of Sea Areas. A new rule for clarifying consultation on business subjects is needed in order to reduce the unclarity and the confusions from being occurred by difference between 'occupancy or use permit of public waters' and 'exclusion of application' and business subjects according to the Public Waters Management and Reclamation Act and the Marine Environment Management Act, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2021

Background: The Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision-Making Act has allowed anyone aged 19 or older to sign an Advance Directive not to receive life-sustaining treatment when they are in the 'death process'. Recently, the Korean Pharmaceutical Association announced to raise awareness of the Advance Directive to the general public through community pharmacies across the country. This study aimed to investigate the public's willingness to accept pharmacist's consultation regarding the Advance Directive and to present future directions to pharmacists Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire study using 16-items was conducted in adults, Study subjects were recruited by convenience sampling method during August 5-15, 2020. Results: Of 460 respondents, 51.7% were younger than 30-year-old and 58.7% were not in the healthcare field in terms of job or major. 60.2% knew about the Advance Directive and 81.7% agreed the necessity to sign when healthy. 50.0% had the willingness to consult with pharmacists on the Advance Directive for well-dying and 80.4% preferred verbal explanation together with written information. Simple linear regression analysis results showed a significant relationship between trust in pharmacists or satisfaction with pharmacist's communication and willingness to use pharmacist' consultation on the Advance Directive (1-point increases in values measured on a five-point scale are associated with 0.464 and 0.486 increases, respectively.) Conclusion: This study suggests that pharmacists need to improve the public's trust and communication capability to satisfy with public's demands on well-dying service.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4704-4710
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• 2011

In order to set the simple criteria to distinguish being or not facilities of Consultation about Energy Use Plan, data analysis and case analysis were carried out. This paper proposes that building, one of the facilities, is being object of the Consultation about Energy Use Plan when in the public project, its gross area is more than 75,000 $m^2$ or main transformer capacity is more than 9,000 kVA and when in the private project, its gross area is more than 100,000 $m^2$ or main transformer capacity is more than 11,500 kVA. Also shows that factory, another of the facilities, is being object when in the private project, its main transformer capacity is more than 6,000 kVA or boiler capacity is more than 24 ton/h and when in the public project, its main transformer capacity is more than 3,000 kVA or boiler capacity is more than 12 ton/h.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2008

Consultation program for pharmaceutical development is a new system in which pharmaceutical companies meet and discuss scientific and/or regulatory issues with drug regulatory authority in the research process and before submitting new drug applications. This program helps pharmaceutical companies reduce uncertainties in the research and development and increase the possibilities of getting drug marketing approval. Developed countries such as US, EU, and Japan have implemented various forms of pre-submission meetings or consultation programs since the mid-1990s. The rapid development of technology in pharmaceutical R&D increases the importance of communication between drug development companies and drug regulatory authority in Korea, too. In designing the consultation program, it is desirable to focus on the stages of clinical trials which take the longest period of time and the biggest amount of money in the pharmaceutical R&D process. We suggested that results or recommendations by drug regulatory authorities in pre-submission meetings or consultations be formally documented and considered in review process. Explicit scientific reasons are required for changing the results from consultations.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find related factors to success of smoking-cessation in according to general characteristic, smoking, smoking-cessation and mediation factors in participants of smoking-cessation clinic on public health center in Daejeon metropolitan city. We analyzed 2,125 participants registered in smoking-cessation clinic in 2007. We carried out frequency analysis to understand character of participants, $X^2$-test to verify significance between smoking-cessation success rate and character, and logistic regression analysis to understand significance between smoking-cessation success rate and each character. The smoking-cessation success rate during 6 month was 39.8%. In group of smoking-cessation success, male had higher success rate than female. And over 65 years old group had higher success rate than under 40 years old group. Jung gu public health center had higher success rate than other centers. Logistic regression analysis of the factor associated with smoking-cessation success rate showed statistical significance of age, public health center, 2 stage nicotine patch, total consultation times with smoking-cessation success rate. Total consultation times showed highest odd ratios than other significant factors. Therefore, we suggested that total consultation times has most significance with smoking-cessation success rate, and the consultation may be the most effective method in smoking-cessation clinic.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Disaster and safety budget can be characterized as a large-scale public asset on which the government has a significant role. It is of a crucial importance to properly allocate the limited national budget to various areas as necessary. Higher investment efficiency of the budget related to disaster and safety management requires distribution criteria based on relevance and efficiency. Currently, the budget related to disaster and safety management is orchestrated through the prior consultation system. However, there is still no clear framework for reviewing the investment direction and setting the priority investment areas by prior consultation. This study analyzes the status and characteristics of disaster and safety management projects by damage type and proposes a structured system for prioritization. This framework can be useful in selecting the areas that need priority investments by damage type of disaster and safety management projects, thereby contributing to improving investment efficiency.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2015

Background: Follow-up clinical consultations could improve overall health status as well provide knowledge and education for cancer prevention. Materials and Methods: This is the cross-sectional study using the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) 6th edition for 2012, with 115,083 respondents who underwent cancer checkups selected as subjects. Associations between the presence of consultation and the socioeconomic status were determined using statistical methods with the SAS 9.3 statistical package (Cary, NC, USA). Findings: Among the recipients, 32,179 (28.0%) received clinical consultations after cancer screenings. Those in rural areas (odds ratio, OR=0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-0.73) visited follow-up clinics less frequently than did those in urban areas. Starting at the elementary school level, as the education level increased to middle school (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.19-1.34), high school (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.23-1.36) or college (OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.65-1.89), the participation rates also increased. When compared with the lowest quartile group, the quartile income level showed a statistical trend and difference as follows: second lowest quartile (OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.07-1.16), third lowest (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.07-1.17) and highest quartile income (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.23-1.35). In addition, the people with economic activities (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.84-0.90) visited follow-up clinics less frequently than did the others. Current smokers (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.98) and inveterate drinkers (OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.85-0.94) had a tendency to visit less often than did non-smokers and other drinkers with all cancers combined. Interpretation: We suggest primary prevention through lifestyle modifications including smoking and drinking, and environmental interventions may offer the most cost-effective approach to reduce the cancer burden.