• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.168-181
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identified patterns of studies and to analyze the nursing research related to the massage intervention in Korea and to improve direction of nursing research in massage intervention in Korea. Methods: The research studies related to the massage were selected from the Korean Nurses Academic Society Journal and dissertation which were conducted experimental research design the last 7 years in Korea. The total numbers of the studies were 58. Result: The study subjects were post operational state in 34.5%, healthy adult in 17.2% studies. The others dealt with infant, cancer, dementia, hypertension, preterm neonates, elderly. Types of massage were whole body in 31.1%, foot in 22.6%, hand in 17.2%, back in 13.8% studies. And Meridian massage in 17.2%. Length of massage was below 5 minutes in 17.2%, 6~10 minutes in 29.4% and 11~20 minutes in 32.8% studies. Frequency of massage was only 1 time in 25.9%, 2~5 times in 31.1% studies. Massage produced psychological and physiological effects. Positive psychologic effects were anxiety relief, pain relief, mood enhancement and fatigue relief. Positive physiologic effects on body systems were blood pressure, heart rate, edema, skin temperature, immune system, blood glucose, excretion, PMS syndrome and growth and development. Conclusion: As a result, effects of massage were almost positive. Therefore massage is useful alternative nursing intervention. But more attention research is needed to identify the objectivity instrument to measure and repeat research.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.40-51
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to quantitatively deduce the circulation efficiency and space arrangements of the outpatient department in geriatric hospitals in terms of spatial structure and to find a methodology that could promote the improvement of accessibility and spatial cognition while using the facilities. All space units of the selected twelve geriatric hospitals were located on the first floor. The study adopted the psychological distance concept of space syntax to the unitized spaces, and presented a set of indices, such as TD, PN, RF, PNT and TRF. These indices were calculated according to the standard clinical use procedures. The study evaluated the effectiveness of circulation. The analysis of circulation was based on the four major geriatric illnesses that were selected in this study. The study established the standard clinical use procedure with consideration of the medical treatment, examinations and space units of outpatient departments. The results are as follows: 1) Based on the statistical data, four major geriatric illnesses are examined, and space requirement and standard procedures are established. Development indicators are applied in order to quantitatively deduce the efficiency of spatial cognition. 2) The percentage of the risk of cognitive decline(TRF) has an inversely proportional correlation to the circulation efficiency(PNT) at a certain point. TRF is more influenced by the clinical use procedure than the scale. 3) The arrangement of the waiting space and types of corridor greatly affect the percentage of the risk of cognitive decline. 4) Vulnerable facilities are selected on the basis of the evaluation, and two alternatives that could promote the circulation efficiency are presented. The result of the reanalysis showed that cognitive efficiency had much improved compared to the existing facilities.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2005

In study, various notions regarding historic landscapes and rehabilitation were first investigated, and efficient rehabilitation schemes on modem historic landscapes were analyzed. On the basis of these theological analyses, an underlying scheme on the rehabilitation of modern historic landscapes was drawn up for '40 Stair Cultural Street' in Jung-gu, Busan City. Rehabilitating historic landscapes not only expresses a positive method to preserving sites and relics of heritage, but also an idea of preservation and rehabilitation based on interpretations from a historical perspective of value in this present day. Its significance is, therefore, to construct an ideal urban landscape in which the past, present and future can coexist. The rehabilitation of historic landscapes will become a psychological pillar to the people living in cities and will be able to lead the various types of urban activities as effective landmarks creating accessibility and representing perpetuity, as rehabilitated landscapes last through the passage of time. In addition, since historic and cultural landscape resources significantly represent regional identities and cultural characteristics that are protected and maintained, they may result in the succession of time and space in regional and urban historical culture and contribute to improving local images and impressions, allowing citizens and tourists to experience many diverse historic and cultural environments. The underlying scheme on the development of '40 Stair Cultural Street' in the study has been drawn up with a focus on the rehabilitation of modern historic value drawn out of the 40 stairs. The area around the 40 stairs, which was shaped as a stronghold of refugees who fled for safety during the Korean War, has changed as dramatically as people can no longer get a feel of the circumstances of that period. Local historians and residents, however, still share the joys and sorrows of refugee life as sad memories. Based on the historical fact, landscape planting, street furniture, outdoor color schemes & signage, traffic systems, symbolic 3-D models and pavement designs are underway.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discover the landscape visual image of the slope scene and their harmony with surrounding sceneries. This research utilized the basic study tool of psycho-physics and processed the case study of ten types of slope construction scene along the highway. The analysis was performed by the data obtained from the questionnaires and the photos for the slope construction scene. The questionnaires for analysis the image of the slope construction scene and their harmony with surrounding sceneries were designed using semantic differential scale and 5 point Likert-scale. The major findings were as follows. 1. At the part of the visual preferences analysis, the slope revegetation methods showed high level of preferences generally than on the slope structure methods. While the slope revegetation methods were estimated friendly, continuity, harmonious, soft, light and wide, the slope revegetation methods were estimated unstable, female, static, simple, omnipresent, appeared as policeman of weak inclination. Also the slope structure methods were estimated stable, manly, complicated, steep and healthy but rough, unharmonious, unfamiliar and heavy. 2. Psychological factors, related to the satisfaction for the slope revegetation methods were composed of three factors, aesthetic, individuality and physical character. And the slope structure methods were composed of five factors, aesthetic, individuality, stability, physical character, and complexity. 3. At the part of harmony with surrounding landscapes, the slope revegetation methods were evaluated highly but the slope structure methods received the lowest evaluation. Also the harmony analysis with surrounding view on the slope revegetation methods showed degree of high more than average in all texture, form, color and scale but the slope structure methods showed degree of fewer than average degree in form, scale, color and texture.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2003년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.73-76
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• 2003

정보화 사회에서는 우리에게 다양한 정보를 제공해 주고, 의사소통을 원활하게 해주는 등 우리 삶의 질 향상에 크게 기여하고 있다. 그러나 지나친 인터넷의 이용 및 이로 인한 신체적 심리적 피해 등 정보사회의 역기능 또한 간과할 수 없는 상황이 되었다. 정보화 역기능에 따른 피해를 줄이고 정보화 사회를 살아가는 사회 구성원으로서 갖추어야 할 올바른 가치관과 행동양식을 심어주기 위한 필요성이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 지역의 단위 학교로서 이미 구축된 정보인프라를 활용하여 날로 발전해 가는 정보사회속에서 지역주민들과 함께 서로를 이해하고 배워 가는 과정을 통해 지역 주민들에게는 기본적인 정보화교육의 기회를 제공하고 학교로서는 교육 기관으로서 그 역할을 다하는 지역공동체형성에 목표를 둔 농촌지역 주민들을 대상으로 실시한 정보화 교육의 결과와 문제점을 분석하므로 지역 주민들의 정보통신 윤리지수의 함양 및 정보화 역기능에 대한 능동적 대처와 순수기능의 유지발전은 물론 향후 실시할 정보화 교육에 있어 지역 주민들의 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.117-134
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• 2010

Background & Objectives: Recently, problems such as in-school violence of teenagers, gang fight, habitual drinking, smoking, running away from home and group isolation can be regarded as the most fundamental causes of teenagers' deviation. It is said that such fundamental causes are originated from their home, the base for the psychological and behavioral development. Methods: In this study, the data for 3,188 students studying in the 3rd grade at middle school, which have been obtained from the second year survey for the panel of the 2nd grade students in 2004 by to Korea Youth Panel Survey, have been used for the analysis of the study. Results: According to the result of the study, there seems to be no difference between two genders for differences of average values. Regarding the analysis of correlation coefficients between such related variables as domestic violence, self-control, self-worth, self-trust and family relationship (sociability), and teenagers' deviation, When variables increase, teenagers' deviation decreases. Regarding the relationship between domestic violence and teenagers' deviation, physical violence is more related than lingual violence. The relationship between self-control and teenagers' deviation is the highest. By studying the deviation of teenagers exposed to domestic violence and carrying out the regression analysis, physical violence influences, teenagers' deviation was greater. As self-control, self-worth and family relationship(sociability) increase, teenagers' deviation decreases. Regarding the analytic results of this study, the experience of domestic violence seems to influence teenagers' deviation greatly. Among various types of domestic violence, physical violence is analyzed to influence teenagers' deviation greatly. Self-control, self-worth and family relationship(sociability) increase, teenagers' deviation decreases. Conclusions: In order to prevent teenagers' deviation and decrease the second conviction rate, it is necessary to provide a method of decreasing the domestic violence. It is necessary for schools and local communities to provide social support for teenagers.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to propose a new direction for color schemes of city signages to provide psychological stability to business owners and improve business value. Types of city sign color schemes and Feng Shui awareness of business owners were examined. Color schemes for signs were proposed, reflecting city landscape colors, color perception theory, and the Feng Shui Sangsaeng Sanggeuk theory. Results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, in order to secure colorscape quality of existing city buildings, signs should be small and consist of only three or fewer colors. Second, existing signage colors and the Feng Shui ideas of business owners have something in common with the five traditional cardinal colors. Thus, it can be interpreted that Feng Shui ideas are deeply rooted in the color use awareness of the Korean people. Third, background colors of signages can reflect the idea of innate Sangsaeng according to the Bonmyeonggung of business owners. The concept of acquired Sanggeuk can also be applied to other design elements such as characters. Fourth, as a second choice according to the function of sign, city landscape or preference of business owner, etc., the background color can remain a color of Sangsaeng, while other design elements such as characters can use a color scheme corresponding to Bihwasaek. Fifth, signs can create a statement and stand out using lightness contrast or saturation contrast theories. A variety of sign color schemes are also possible just by altering the lightness and saturation levels.

• 인지과학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.91-112
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• 2007

문장 이해의 한 하위 처리 과정인 의미역 처리과정의 심리적 실재성과 점진적 처리 특성을 알아보기 위해 두 실험을 실시하였다. 후행절의 주어가 생략된 대등 구조 문장을 사용하였으며, 특히 문장의 동사를 조작하여(일반 타동사와 사역 동사 사용) 재분석이 필요한 조건(일치)과 그렇지 않은 조건(불일치)을 만들어 읽기 시간을 비교하였다. 실험 1에서는 두 조건 간에 문장의 마지막 동사에서는 유의한 읽기시간의 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 질문에 응답하는 시간에서는 불일치 조건이 일치 조건보다 길었다. 문장내의 한 명사구를 사물 명사로 대체한 실험 2에서는, 재분석이 필요한 조건의 동사 읽기시간이 그렇지 않은 조건에 비해 길게 나왔다. 이 결과에 근거해 의미역 처리의 중요성과, 동사가 문장 마지막에 나오는 한국어에서도 점진적인 의미역 처리가 일어난다는 언어처리의 보편성을 논의하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2017

Purpose - Service employees who work at airline check-in counters in airport are typically employed to undergo emotional labor. Emotional labor of airport service employees is an important managerial issue that must be solved. This study attempts to examine the underlying mechanism of emotional labor on turnover intention. It focuses on the consequences of emotional labor of service employees. The purpose of this study is to examine and empirically test how the two-types of emotional labor(deep-acting & surface-acting) of service employees differently affect the level of their job satisfaction and job stress. It also investigates the relationship between job satisfaction, job stress, and turnover intention. For this purpose, first, this study identified the structural relationship between emotional labor, job satisfaction, job stress, and turnover intention. Second, it investigated the mediating effects of job satisfaction between deep-acting and turnover intention. Research design, data, and methodology - To empirically test these structural relationships among research variables, data were collected by a interview from service manager of domestic airline companies and survey from 179 service employees who are working at single domestic airline check-in counters in airports in Korea using a self-rating questionnaire with total 19 items dealing with emotional labor, job satisfaction, job stress, and turnover intention. To test the research hypotheses, collected data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structure equation model (SEM). Results - This study obtains meaningful research results. The results from this study are as follows. First, deep-acting has a positive effect on job satisfaction, whereas, deep-acting has a negative effect on job satisfaction. Second, surface-acting has a positive effect on job stress, whereas, the effects of surface-acting on job satisfaction did not show statistically significant result. Also, job satisfaction has partial mediating roles to the relationship between deep-acting and turnover intention. Conclusions - Based on the results of this empirical study, emotional labor of service employees is one of the key factors influencing their job satisfaction and job stress. In particular, deep-acting is the important factor in emotional labor to increase job satisfaction and reduce job stress. Finally, theoretical, managerial implications, and research limitations are mentioned in discussion parts.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2011

ITS 사업의 일환으로 교통정보 제공시스템이 점점 확대되어 다양한 매체를 통해 운전자에게 정보전달이 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 ITS 시스템의 구축은 어느 정도 이루어졌으며, 이제는 시스템의 효과적인 운영과 관리를 위한 평가의 중요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 VMS 교통정보제공시스템에 초점을 맞추어 이에 대한 효과적인 평가 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 특히 시스템이 가지는 여러 가지 편익항목들 중에서 이용자의 심리적 만족감 측면에서, 평가가 이루어질 수 있도록 정보제공수준과 이용자 만족도의 관계식을 도출하였다. 연속류 도로는 진출입이 매우 제한적인 도로이기 때문에, VMS 교통정보는 운전자들이 의사결정을 하는데 매우 큰 역할을 한다. 이에 따라 이용자 중심에서 VMS 정보제공수준을 평가할 수 있는 방안을 제시함으로써 평가는 물론, 시스템의 확대나 구축의 목표 서비스수준으로도 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구를 보완하여 시스템의 개별적인 특성과 VMS의 다양한 기능을 함께 고려한다면 좀 더 체계적인 평가방안이 마련될 수 있을 것이다.