• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.144-151
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• 2006

Objectives : Cognitive therapy is the most extensively researched psychological treatment for nonpsychotic unipolar outpatient depressive disorders. This review focused on the utility of this approach in severe or chronic depressive disorders, in relapse prevention and also on the potential benefits of combining cognitive therapy with medication. Methods : The author reviewed original studies and quantitative analyses on the effects of cognitive therapy, predictors of response, and neuroimaging studies of cognitive therapy in major depressive disorder. The sources used for the literature search were data bases : PubMed, EMBASE, CDSR on the internet, references in papers or books. Results : This review suggests that cognitive therapy is as effective as antidepressant medication in severe depressive disorders. And cognitive therapy can be an effective alternative to antidepressant medication. Patients benefited significantly more from combined cognitive therapy and antidepressant treatment than from either treatment alone. Most importantly, the addition of cognitive therapy to usual treatment appears to protect against future relapse in individuals known to be at high risk of repeated episodes of depression. In addition, subjects who received cognitive therapy showed significantly greater improvements in chronic depression than receiving antidepressant medication. Pooled data suggests that there is a significant relationship between the therapist's level of training or experience, the type of therapy used and patient outcome. Recent functional imaging studies examining brain changes following cognitive therapy report a variety of regional effects, but there is no consistent pattern across the few published studies. Conclusion : Cognitive therapy has proved beneficial in treating depressive patients. Despite empirical data supporting its efficacy, there are still problems in gaining access to cognitive therapy in clinical practice.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.3-18
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• 2002

Hypertension excessively affects national health is the basic disease that causes death and disablement after the middle-aged. Therefore, The detection and control of hypertension is essential to health care. In general, It is known that the systolic blood pressure should be below 140mmHg, the diastolic blood pressure should be below 90mmHg. Presently, the treatment of hypertension is mostly taking anti-hypertension drug, diet and stability. but Taking anti-hypertension drug has such side effects as depression. and that, We were making a study of various treatments of hypertension. In a course of hypertension study, We applied aromatherapy to the control of hypertension. Aromatherapy is the practice of using of volate plant oils including essential oils, for psychological and physical well-being. Essential oils are drawn into the body by the sense smell not only does the aroma of the true plant stimulate the brain to the trigger a positive effect, but supply physical benefits also. In Europe and North America, The study and development of aromatherapy is lively in progress. In the control of hypertension, We applied Lavender, Majoram, Ylang-Ylang to forty-two hypertensive patients. After aromatherapy for controlling hypertension. We measured the changes of the systolic blood pressure & the diastolic blood pressure of patients by time. As the result of above study, We identified the significance of blood pressure down by aromatherapy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.620-629
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• 2014

Keloid scars are often considered aesthetically unattractive and frustrating problems that occur following injuries. They cause functional and cosmetic deformities, displeasure, itching, pain, and psychological stress and possibly affect joint movement. The combination of these factors ultimately results in a compromised quality of life and diminished functional performance. Various methods have been implemented to improve keloid scars using both surgical and non-surgical approaches. However, it has proven to be a challenge to identify a universal treatment that can deliver optimal results for all types of scars. Through a PubMed search, we explored most of the literature that is available about the intralesional injection treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids and highlights both current (corticosteroid, 5-fluorouracil, bleomycin, interferon, cryotherapy and verapamil) and future treatments (interleukin-10 and botulinum toxin type A). The reference lists of retrieved articles were also analysed. Information was gathered about the mechanism of each injection treatment, its benefits and associated adverse reactions, and possible strategies to address adverse reactions to provide reliable guidelines for determining the optimal treatment for particular types of keloid scars. This article will benefit practitioners by outlining evidence-based treatment strategies using intralesional injections for patients with hypertrophic scars and keloids.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.109-117
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• 2010

The purpose of advanced traffic information system(ATIS) is to help drivers save time and energy in getting to their destinations by providing traffic information through variable message sign(VMS), internet, traffic broadcasting and mobile phones. ATIS does not just provide drivers with benefits in terms of time and energy, but it provides them with psychological benefit as well, i.e., the drivers can relieve their anxiety by getting provided with traffic information. In this study, the efficiency of traffic information system is evaluated and degree of satisfaction of drivers with the system is analyzed by building satisfaction models of various media of traffic information. Each medium has different factors for satisfaction and each factor has different degree of influence, but in general, the efficiency of traffic information in helping drivers choose routes and in providing drivers with peace of mind is considered to have the highest influence on satisfaction of drivers with the system.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.631-639
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• 2020

Objective : Traditionally, staged surgery has been preferred in the treatment of compound comminuted depressed fracture (FCCD) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and involves the removal of primarily damaged bone and subsequent cranioplasty. The main reason for delayed cranioplasty was to reduce the risk of infection-related complications. Here, the author performed immediate reconstruction using a titanium mesh in consecutive patients with FCCD after TBI, reported the surgical results, and reviewed previous studies. Methods : Nineteen consecutive patients who underwent single-stage reconstruction with titanium mesh for FCCD of the skull from April 2014 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The demographic and radiological characteristics of the patients with FCCD were investigated. The characteristics associated with surgery and outcome were also evaluated. Results : The frequency of TBI in men (94.7%) was significantly higher than that in women. Most FCCDs (73.7%) occurred during work, the rest were caused by traffic accidents. The mean interval between TBI and surgery was 7.0±3.9 hours. The median Glasgow coma scale score was 15 (range, 8-15) at admission and 15 (range, 10-15) at discharge. FCCD was frequently located in the frontal (57.9%) and parietal (31.6%) bones than in other regions. Of the patients with FCCDs in the frontal bone, 62.5% had paranasal sinus injury. There were five patients with fractures of orbital bone, and they were easily reconstructed using titanium mesh. These patients were cosmetically satisfied. Postoperatively, antibiotics were used for an average of 12.6 days. The mean hospital stay was 17.6±7.5 days (range, 8-33). There was no postoperative seizure or complications, such as infection. Conclusion : Immediate bony fragments replacement and reconstruction with reconstruction titanium mesh for FCCD did not increase infectious sequelae, even though FCCD involved sinus. This suggests that immediate single-stage reconstruction with titanium mesh for FCCD is a suitable surgical option with potential benefits in terms of cost-effectiveness, safety, and cosmetic and psychological outcomes.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.140-143
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• 2008

As the number of family living alone is expected to soar due to a change in socio-demographics like divorce, more middle-aged women returning to work, homes become smaller and so on. In addition to in 2020 these people will be increase so that 85 percent of the Koreans compose elderly living alone who is over 65. This study aims at developing a sharing-typed elderly people-centered rental model which is accessible in the community integration dimension as an alternative and finding out theirconscious, their need about residence. and we need to check about their major requirements on improvement step by step. so that we suggest the desirable way on the existing multi house. The model provides benefits in the social, economical and pragmatic dimensions as the families living alone get together and living with others, Particularly, as a residence model which reduces a psychological loneliness and at the same time enables the elderly to continue to live a life in the community while they live together with other people, this model could be a strategy which supports the "Aging in Place." This study is in progress via small group workshop which debate gradually about special subject with similar group member. So we can find the residence's preference on living environment in various condition and the member can imagine freely on their future living arrangement by giving the various informations which can be proceed in future. The workshop proceed three times. at the first workshop, we're check their living environment and satisfaction level. and second time we give the knowledge about shared-type rental house then discuss about the model. and last time we're listen to the residence's opinion.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 2009

Housing Re-Development business is to improve the environment of old residential area and secure insufficient infrastructure facilities for the public, and to provide housing of fine quality for the individuals and it is taken as an opportunity for the individuals to be able to increase their property. However, it is true that the benefits from the redevelopment has not offered to the original dwellers who has lived there for a long time. This research studies the related systems of the Rental House Redevelopment Supply Service and is to present the schema to raise resettlement rate through the investment on the rate of tenants who chose the rental house and their specific characters. This study is to present the reform measures about the following 3 problems, on the basis of prior theoretical studies which deals with the common factors having low rate to move in the rental house of the tenants. (1) Physical side, the problem of supply structure, which is not appropriate Housing Supply Structure, (2) Psychological side, the problem of socially excluded rental house residents (3) Economical side, low re-settlement rate of tenants caused from the unreasonableness of the estimated rental value. This study presents that the compulsory rental housing supply rate should be changed to the gross area not from the number of households, and the supply of rental houses should correspond to the household size of tenants through prior demand survey. Secondly, it proposes the housing complex layout for intermixing to solve the social problems to allow a housing for sale and rental houses mixing in a building. And it proposes that the rental value should be calculated considering the neighboring value and in the long run, it should be calculated considering the tenants' income instead construction cost estimate. Also, it should be arranged to provide an opportunity to create income through resident welfare center improvement and provide self-sufficiency functions leading residents to participate in the residential area's repairing and maintenances.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2016

Implant fixed prosthesis for the complete edentulous maxilla provides significant benefits in the aspects of functions and esthetics compared with the conventional denture. Implant supported fixed prosthesis are totally supported by implant, and thus stabilizes the prosthesis to the maximum degree as possible. Also, the improved retention and stability of fixed prosthesis enhance patients' psychological and psychosocial health. This clinical presentation describes a maxillary full arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis in complete maxillary edentulous patient who showed vertical and horizontal alveolar bone resorption in the anterior ridge. To rehabilitate the esthetics and proper lip support, the zirconia framework was fabricated and the pink porcelain was veneered to reproduce the natural gingival tissue. After 9 months of follow up, the restorations were maintained without complications and the patient was satisfied with the restoration both functionally and esthetically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.111-117
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• 2007

Essential oils aims to rejuvenate and beautify medical skin care the body through the use of essential oils, and generally to improve our outward appearance. Much of this section fouses on the different methods by which essential oils can be used to improve the complexion or to treat specific medical care skin conditions. Beauty, however, is not just skin-deep. The condition of the medical care express the overall health of an individual. A relaxed attitude, together with a well-balanced diet, enough exercise, and a daily intake of plenty of spring water or herbal teas, all help to keep the system in top condition. Essential oils is a healing art which has powerful effects on both mind and body. The vital element in essential oils is the pure oils which are extracted from various part of different plants. The key to medical aromatherapy care lies in its dual use of essential oils and medical care massage, thus masking full use of two of our most important senses-smell and touch. Medical aromatherapy care is holistic, working mainly on the nervous system and including the head and body as part of the same treatment. Using pressure points along the spine, Medical aromatherapy care on the autonomic nervous system and has an immediate effect of relexation. In directly it also acts on mood. Many of the medical massage movements help lymphatic drainage. Essential oils have many different qualities; they can be relaxing or invigorating and are generally antisepic and antibacterial. Medical aromatherapy care can have psychological benefits. The power of essences in healing has been recognized in the treatment of insect bites. Clove, thyme, sandalwood, and lavender are a few of the essences that have antiseptic. Essential oils effect the dry skin for small visual pores, dull matte finish, rough sandy feeling, tantskin. Essential oils effect the mature/sun damaged skin for some red or couperose areas, loose saggy skin, exposure to a lot of ultraviolet light. Essential oils effect the medical care nomal skin good elasticity, healthy color(good circulation), smooth terture.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.607-615
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• 2010

Urban green space is often at the centre of the debate on urban substantiality because it provides functions of space, e.g. for wildlife, recreation, growing vegetables, psychological wellbeing, social interaction, etc. Traditionally, the various functions of urban green spaces clearly show that green spaces contain important values that contribute to the overall quality of urban life. After Kyoto protocol, it has becoming important to more accurately evaluate carbon uptake by urban green space. Many studies have analyzed the benefits, costs, and carbon storage capacity associated with urban green space. These studies have been limited by a lack of research on urban tree biomass and carbon uptake by soil, such that estimates of carbon storage in urban systems. This study calculate more accurately the amount of carbon uptake by urban green space. This study also complement the existing methods to estimate the urban green space carbon uptake. It has been studied how to evaluate carbon uptake function of urban green space. The surface area of urban green space increased 5% by complemented method and carbon uptake is also increased. Based on this result, the carbon uptake per capita was analysed and compared to the area of carbon uptake. And this study discussed the reasons for the differences between the new and earlier estimates, as well as implications for our understanding of the global carbon cycle. In conclusion, these results could contribute as preliminary data to policy makers when climate change adaptation strategy is established.