• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.3.1-3.7
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• 2014

We examined the effects of Prunella vulgaris Labiatae (P. vulgaris L.) on specific and non-specific immune responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The optimal concentration without toxicity of P. vulgaris was determined to $30-40{\mu}g/ml$ in vitro and $120{\mu}g$/100 g of fish in vivo. P. vulgaris significantly elicited an antibody titer compared to FCA or ${\beta}$-glucan. ${\beta}$-glucan plus P. vulgaris group synergistically enhanced antibody production. No significant difference in antibody production was observed between P. vulgaris and P. vulgaris plus ${\beta}$-glucan group. A respiratory burst activity of head kidney (HK) leucocytes of tilapia administered with 300 or $500{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris was significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced compared with the PBS-injected control group and FCA-treated group. Maximum increase in the NBT reduction value was observed in $500{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris group but no significant difference was found between 300 and $500{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris group. The level of serum lysozyme activity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the 300 and $500{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris than $100{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris and FCA group. The phagocytic activities of HK leucocytes from tilapia administered with 300 and $500{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than $100{\mu}g$ P. vulgaris and the control group. P. vulgaris was revealed with a good immunoadjuvant evoking the specific and non-specific immune responses of tilapia.

• 생약학회지
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• 제32권2호통권125호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2001

Prunella vulgaris L. aqua-acupuncture solution (PVAS) was tested for cancer chemopreventive activity using chemoprevention-associated biochemical end points. The following effects were measured. : (a) inhibition of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced cytochrome P4501A1 activity (b) inhibition of $[^3H]B[a]P-DNA$ binding (c) inhibition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-induced free radical formation in HL-60 cells (d) inhibition of polyamine metabolism. PVAS inhibited cytochrome P4501A1-mediated ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity. The binding of $[^3H]B[a]P$ metabolites to DNA of NCTC-clone 1469 cells was inhibited significantly by PVAS. There is 22% inhibition of TPA-induced free radical formation in human leukemic cells with 5 mg/ml PVAS. Proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii was inhibited by PAVS at concentration of 30 mg/ml. PAVS positive in these assays may inhibit the carcinogenesis process and is considered very promising cancer-preventing agent because of its multiple activities.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2018

This study was conducted to develop a salad dressing using Prunella vulgaris L. (PV) extracts. In addition, the study was also aimed at evaluating the quality characteristics of the salad dressing containing various amounts of PV extracts. Salad dressing was prepared by adding 0% (PD-0), 9.4% (PD-20), 18.8% (PD-40), 28.2% (PD-60), 37.6% (PD-80), 47.0% (PD-100) of PV extract. The quality characteristics (sugar contents, salinity, color value, total phenol contents, total flavonoid contents, DPPH, ABTS+ radical scavenging activities, and sensory acceptability) of the dressing were analyzed. According to the results of the study, the sugar contents and salinity of salad dressing increased according to the added amount of PV extract (p<0.001). The color values of lightness and yellowness of salad dressing increased according to the added amount of PV extract, whereas color value of redness decreased (p<0.001). Antioxidant activities were improved depending on the amount of PV extracts (p<0.001). The sensory acceptability (flavor, medicinal flavor, saltiness, sourness, bitterness and viscosity) were significantly higher in the dressing added with 18.8% PV extracts than in the other samples. Based on this result, a storage experiment was conducted by comparing PD-40 and PD-C. After 4 weeks of storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $24^{\circ}C$, the quality characteristics were observed and the pH was increased in the later stages of storage (p<0.05). The depicted that, viscosity increased with storage time at $4^{\circ}C$ (p<0.001). General bacteria and coliform were not detected during storage. These results indicated that salad dressing with the addition of 18.8% PV extracts has the best quality.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.1535-1541
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• 2008

하고초를 부위별(전초, 꽃대 및 줄기)로 메탄올 추출하여 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. 총 페놀화합물은 꽃대에서 77.1 mg/100 g으로 다른 부위에 비해 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 전초와 줄기는 54.0 mg/100 g 이하였다. 플라보노이드는 줄기에서 36.1 mg/100 g으로 가장 높았다. 전자공여능은 시료의 농도에 의존적으로 증가하는 경향으로 $500{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가시에는 70% 이상의 전자공여능을 보였으며, $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 꽃대에서 92.1%로 유의적으로 높았다. 환원력은 전자공여능과 유사한 경향이었으며, 꽃대에서 $100{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 $0.3{\sim}1.9$, 전초는 $0.2{\sim}1.6$, 줄기는 $0.2{\sim}1.5$의 범위로 꽃대>전초>줄기 순서로 높았다. Hydroxyl radical 소거능은 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 80% 이상이었으며, 부위별 유의 차가 없었다. $\beta$-carotene-linoleic acid계에서 지질과산화 억제능은 $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 $47.5{\sim}84.6%$로 꽃대에서 항산화능이 가장 높았다. ABTs 라디칼 소거능은 $250{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 50% 이상의 소거능을 보였으며, $500{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 $85.0{\sim}92.3%$로 농도 간에 유의차가 없었다. $1000{\mu}g/mL$ 첨가 시 nitric oxide 소거능은 꽃대에서 19.7%로 전초 및 줄기에 비해 유의적으로 높았고, 아질산염 소거능은 꽃대와 줄기에서 각각 30.7%와 32.5%로 전초에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 이상의 항산화 활성 분석결과를 종합하여 볼때 하고초의 꽃대는 전초 및 줄기에 비해 항산화 활성이 높았는데 이는 페놀화합물의 함량에 의존적인 것으로 추정되며, 꽃대 부위를 선별하여 가공식품 소재로 활용할 경우 하고초의 항산화 활성을 보다 부각시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

16종의 한약재 및 약용식물류의 열수 추출물에 대한 흡광도, 총페놀화합물 및 플라보노이드 함량과 이들의 항산화 효과를 분석하였다. 추출수율은 단삼이 $35.49\%$로 다른 시료에 비하여 월등히 높았으며 pH는 $4.00\~5.92$의 범위로 산성 pH에 더 가까웠다. 방향족 화합물의 함량을 검색하고자 $250{\mu}g/mL$농도의 시료로 280 nm에서 흡광도를 측정한 결과 꿀풀이 2.872로 가장 높았으며 엉겅퀴와 산사육, 산조인은 0.5이하의 낮은 흡광도를 나타내었다. 갈색화 반응 생성물의 흡광도를 측정한 결과도 유사한 경향을 나타내어 꿀풀의 경우 1.312로 가장 높은 값을 다음은 옥수수수염 (0.917), 금물초(0.725) 순이었다. 총 페놀 화합물의 함량은 꿀풀이 $5.07{\pm}0.05mg/100g$으로 다른 시료에 비하여 월등히 높은 함량이었고 플라보노이드의 함량은 단삼에서 $4.82{\pm}1.16\;mg/100g$으로 다른 시료에 비하여 약 2배 정도 높은 함량이었다. 대부분의 시료에서 농도가 증가함에 따라 전자공여 효과도 높아지는 경향을 보였는데 산조인, 산수유, 단삼은 $1000{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 $90\%$ 이상의 전자공여 효과를 나타내었다. 환원력도 전자공여능과 유사한 경향이었으나 BHT와 비교할 때 유의적으로 낮은 환원력을 나타내었다. 아질산염 소거능은 $500{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 $50\%$ 이상의 소거효과를 나타낸 시료는 꿀풀과 금물초 2종에 불과하였으며 $1000{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서는 산조인, 산수유, 감국, 꿀풀, 금물초, 오가피, 단삼, 울금이 $50\%$ 이상의 소거효과를 나타내었다. 꿀풀의 경우 전 농도에서 다른 시료들에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 아질산염 소거효과를 나타내어 $250{\mu}g/mL$에서는 $59.62{\pm}1.573\%,\;1000{\mu}g/mL$에서는 $80.58{\pm}0.300\%$의 소거효과를 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2001

댑싸리하고초 약침액을 이용하여 phase II detoxification 효소인 quinone reductase (QR 및 GST) 유도, GSH 생성량, phase I 효소 cytochrome P4501A1 활성억제, 발암물질 B[a]P-DNA adduct 형성의 저해효과 등을 측정하였다. QR 생성 유도를 Hepa1c1c7로 실험한 결과, 댑싸리하고초 약침액및 열수추출액 모두에서 유도 되었으며, 농도가 높아질수록 유도율이 더 높게 나타났으며, GSH와 GST의 유도율도 약침액에서 나타났다. 댑싸리하고초 약침액 $5{\times}$에서 45.2%의 cytochrome P4501A1 효소활성 저해효과를 측정할 수 있었다. 또한 B[a]P-DNA binding 저해효과를 실험한 결과, 약침액 $3{\times}$ 농도에서 45.0%의 저해효과가 있었다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 댑싸리하고초 약침액은 암억제 물질로서의 기능을 충분히 발휘할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2007

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with hot water extracts (HE) of selfheal (Prunella vulgaris) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus culture fluid (LF) on the growth and non-specific immune responses of juvenile olive flounder. A total of 270 fish ($5.07{\pm}0.01g$, average $weight{\pm}SD$) were divided randomly into nine groups, and three groups were fed one of three isonitrogenous (51% crude protein) and isocaloric (17.6 MJ/kg) diets. The diets contained no supplement, 50 mL hot water extract, or 50 mL L. rhamnosus fluid (designated as diets CON, HE and LF, respectively). During the 8-week feeding trial, the growth, feed utilization and survival of the fish were not significantly affected by the experimental diets. There were no significant differences in the hematocrit and hemoglobin of fish fed each of the experimental diets. However, the serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity were lower with the dietary supplements containing HE and LF. The alanine aminotransferase activity of fish fed the HE diet was significantly lower than that of fish fed the control diet. The hematocrit, hemoglobin, and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) activity were higher 3 hr after feeding than 24 hr afterwards. The NBT activity of fish fed the HE and LF diets were significantly higher than that of fish fed the control diet 3 hr after feeding. The findings suggest that dietary supplementation with HE and LF could enhance the nonspecific immune responses of juvenile olive flounder.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1547-1554
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• 2007

본 연구는 제주도에서 채집된 꿀풀을 꽃과 잎 부위별로 나누어 각 부위를 열수 추출하여 각 추출액을 농도별로 첨가하여 E. faecium KCCM 12118, L. rhamnosus KCCM 32826, L. plantarum KCCM 11542, P. pentosaceus KCCM 40464 균종에 대하여 생육에 미치는 영향과 그 배양액을 가지고 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성 및 Hydroxyl radical 소거활성 그리고 어류질병 미생물에 대한 항균활성을 조사하였다. 꿀풀의 꽃과 잎 추출액을 농도별로 첨가하여 4종의 lactic acid bacteria를 72시간 배양하면서 생육활성을 보았을 때 10%를 첨가하여 48시간 배양 하였을 때가 가장 좋은 생육조건임을 알 수가 있었으며, 또한 lactic acid bacteria 생육 시 꿀풀 꽃과 잎 추출액 첨가가 lactic acid bacteria 증식에 효과가 있음을 나타내었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거활성에서는 꿀풀 꽃 추출액을 10% 첨가하여 배양하였을 때 합성 항산화제인 BHA(90%)와 BHT(81%)의 EDA와 비교하였을 때 BHA와 유사하거나 조금 높은 활성을 BHT보다는 높은 라디칼 소거활성을 나타내었다. Hydroxyl radical 소거활성은 5% 꿀풀 각 부위의 추출액을 첨가한 배양액에서부터 BHT보다 높은 소거활성을 나타내기 시작하여 10%를 첨가한 배양액에서는 BHA보다 높은 소거 활성을 나타내었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2017

Prunella vulgaris, well-known traditional medicinal plant, is used for the cure of abscess, scrofula, hypertension and urinary diseases. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. The pathological characteristics of diabetic nephropathy are glomerular and tubular basement membrane thickening. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Prunella vulgaris, on diabetic glomerular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 45 mg/kg) and confirmed by random glucose level higher than ${\leq}300mg/dL$. The experimental rats were divided into five groups: control group (Male SD rats), STZ group (Male SD rats injected STZ), Aminoguanidine group (Male SD rats injected STZ + AG 100 mg/kg/day), Low dose group (Male SD rats injected STZ + APV 100 mg/kg/day), High dose group (Male SD rats injected STZ + APV 300 mg/kg/day). AG or APVs were administered once a day for 8 weeks. Body weight and food/water intake were measured every four weeks. At the end of study, the kidneys were collected and cut into pieces for immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Our study showed that body weight and water/food intake were no significant differences between untreated STZ-induced diabetic rat and APV treated-STZ rat. However, phosphorylation of receptor-regulated Smads (Smad3) was significantly decreased in APV treated-STZ rat as compared with the diabetic group. In addition, APV was improved nephrin level in kidney tissue. Therefore, we suggest that APV has a protective effect against STZ-induced diabetic glomerular injury.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2007년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.356.1-356.1
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• 2007