• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2003

Plasma polymerized organic thin films were deposited on Si(100), glass and metal substrates at $25∼100 ^{\circ}C$ using thiophene and toluene precursors by PECVD method. In order to compare physical and electrochemical properties of the as-grown thin films, the effects of the RF plasma power in the range of 30∼100 W and deposition temperature on both corrosion protection efficiency and physical properties were studied. We found that the corrosion protection efficiency ($P_{k}$), which is one of the important factors for corrosion protection in the interlayer dielectrics of microelectronic devices application, was increased with increasing RF power. The highest $P_{k}$ value of plasma polymerized toluene film (85.27% at 70 W) was higher than that of the plasma polymerized thiophene film (65.17% at 100 W), indicating inhibition of oxygen reduction. The densely packed and tightly interconnected toluene film could act as an efficient barrier layer to the diffusion of molecular oxygen. The result of contact angle measurement showed that the plasma polymerized toluene films have more hydrophobic surface than those of the plasma polymerized thiophene films.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.131-145
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• 2022

Ceratocystis wilt disease has caused significant mortality in duku (Lansium domesticum) since 2014 and has now spread to all districts in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Recently, 16 isolates from duku representing populations from various districts in South Sumatra were isolated. Analysis for the morphological characteristic of the isolate showed that the population has a uniform morphology. Genetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin sequences verified that the population has being dominated by the ITS5 haplotype of Ceratocystis fimbriata and a new ITS group, the ITS7b haplotype that was localized in Musi Banyuasin. Both haplotypes were highly pathogenic to duku. Inoculation tests on various forest and agroforestry plant hosts showed that both haplotypes were highly pathogenic to Acacia mangium, moderately pathogenic to Acacia carsicarpa, Eucalyptus urophylla, and Melaleuca cajuputi, but weakly pathogenic to Dyera costulata, Hevea brasiliensis, and Alstonia scholaris. Therefore, this pathogen becomes a serious threat to Indonesia's biodiversity due to its ability to infect forest and agroforestry plants, especially the indigenous ones.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.412-434
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• 2023

This study discusses the high-order diffusion method in the wavelet domain. It aims to improve the edge protection capability of the high-order diffusion method using wavelet coefficients that can reflect image information. During the first step of the proposed diffusion method, the wavelet packet decomposition is a more refined decomposition method that can extract the texture and structure information of the image at different resolution levels. The high-frequency wavelet coefficients are then used to construct the edge detection function. Subsequently, because accurate wavelet coefficients can more accurately reflect the edges and details of the image information, by introducing the idea of state weight, a scheme for recovering wavelet coefficients is proposed. Finally, the edge detection function is constructed by the module of the wavelet coefficients to guide high-order diffusion, the denoised image is obtained. The experimental results showed that the method presented in this study improves the denoising ability of the high-order diffusion model, and the edge protection index (SSIM) outperforms the main methods, including the block matching and 3D collaborative filtering (BM3D) and the deep learning-based image processing methods. For images with rich textural details, the present method improves the clarity of the obtained images and the completeness of the edges, demonstrating its advantages in denoising and edge protection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.646-653
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• 1990

Currently numerous methods are in use for myocardial protection from the ravages of ischemia and hypoxia. This study was designed to compare with FDP-GIK[Group II, n=8] and GIK cardioplegic solution[Group I, n=8] in ability of myocardial protection and was examined in the isolated working rat heart subjected to long period[120 min] of hypothermic[10 - 15K] ischemic arrest with multidose[every 30 min] cardioplegic infusion. During postischemic reperfusion period 20 min, hemodynamic functions[aortic flow, coronary flow, peak aortic pressure, cardiac output, heart rate], biochemical enzymatic & electrical activities were evaluated. The time from onset of reperfusion to the return of regular sinus rhythm was significantly reduced from 87$\pm$3 sec to 17$\pm$2 sec[P<0.05]. The postischemic recovery of aortic flow was better in the group II [95.1$\pm$3.3% of its preischemic control level] than in the Group I [75.4$\pm$6.8%] [P<0.05]. Cardiac output and stroke volume was also better in the group[91.3$\pm$1.6%, 89.4$\pm$2.6%, respectively] than in the Group I [79.1$\pm$3.7%, 77.0$\pm$4.8%, respectively] [P<0. 05]. Creatine kinase leakage was also significantly reduced from 33.8$\pm$4.9 IU /10 min / gm * dry weight to 15.4$\pm$3.6 IU /10 min /gm * dry weight[P<0.05]. It is suggested that adding FDP to GIK cardioplegic solution improves its ability to protect the heart against long period of hypoxic ischemia.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.97-106
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• 2018

Background: A cargo container scanner using a high-energy X-ray generates a fan beam X-ray to acquire a transmitted image. Because the generated X-rays by LINAC may affect the image quality and radiation protection of the system, it is necessary to acquire accurate information about the generated X-ray beam distribution. In this paper, a diode-based multi-channel spatial dose measuring device for measuring the X-ray dose distribution developed for measuring the high energy X-ray beam distribution of the container scanner is described. Materials and Methods: The developed high-energy X-ray spatial dose distribution measuring device can measure the spatial distribution of X-rays using 128 diode-based X-ray sensors. And precise measurement of the beam distribution is possible through automatic positioning in the vertical and horizontal directions. The response characteristics of the measurement system were evaluated by comparing the signal gain difference of each pixel, response linearity according to X-ray incident dose change, evaluation of resolution, and measurement of two-dimensional spatial beam distribution. Results and Discussion: As a result, it was found that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the response signal according to the incident position showed a difference of about 10%, and the response signal was linearly increased. And it has been confirmed that high-resolution and two-dimensional measurements are possible. Conclusion: The developed X-ray spatial dose measuring device was evaluated as suitable for dose measurement of high energy X-ray through confirmation of linearity of response signal, spatial uniformity, high resolution measuring ability and ability to measure spatial dose. We will perform precise measurement of the X-ray beamline in the container scanning system using the X-ray spatial dose distribution measuring device developed through this research.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2014

Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) in sunlight causes biological damages such as erythema and blister on skin. Microalgae have been in the limelight as an attractive feedstock for manufacturing functional materials. This study focused on screening microalga with protection ability against UV-B. The microalgae were isolated from local areas on April to June 2013 as well as June 2014. The cells were grown under continuous illumination from fluorescent lamps at $136.3{\pm}2.2{\mu}E/m^2/s$ in BG-11 medium at $15^{\circ}C$ for 12-14 days. The selected cells were spread on BG-11 agar and were exposed to UV-B (312 nm) for 20 and 25 minutes. The 13 strains among selected algae were classified. Among these, 9 strains were Scenedesmus sp. and the remains were Chlorella sp. Based on this study, it seems that Scenedesmus sp. and Chlorella sp. have resistibility against ultraviolet. These results will help to study on UV protection using microalgae.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.376-383
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• 2006

Noise induced hearing loss (NIHS), the well-known occupational disease, is caused by continuous excessive noise. The prevention of NIHS is very important, because it is unrecoverable. There are some kinds of hearing protection device (HPD), and those are effective in preventing NIHS. But workers in noisy environment often resist to wearing them. Because they are ready - made products, so workers feel uncomfortable to wear. Also, they didn't maintain the conversation frequency range, so workers are hard to communicate in wearing them. To prevent hearing loss effectively, it is important that workers keep wearing HPD. Therefore, a HPD is needed to be comfortable to wear and be effective not only in hearing protection but also in preserving communication ability. So we proposed a custom - made hearing protection device in which a small acoustic filter is inserted. We designed several kinds of small acoustic filters and carried out some acoustic experiments for measuring characteristics of filters. We confirmed that acoustic transmission characteristic can be adjusted from experimental results using designed small acoustic filters. And we researched for the actual efficiency of a new developed custom - made hearing protection device using a small size acoustic filter. Also, we found out that workers are more satisfied with the new development than a former protection device from a workers' response.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.201-208
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• 2019

In the phono-sapiens era of the intelligence information society, most business activities are increasingly dependent on networks and information systems. SMEs, which occupy the majority of Korean companies, are increasingly possessing the value and technology of their information assets, and their ability to protect core technologies that are the driving force of corporate growth will be the most important competitiveness of enterprises. Accordingly, the Ministry of Science and ICT and the Korea Internet & Security Agency(KISA) provides a foundation for minimizing the damage from cyber threats such as hacking and information leakage by evaluating the current information protection level of SMEs and enhancing information protection capability by supporting a high level of customized information protection consulting. In this study, we analyze the effectiveness of information protection based on the results of KISA SMEs consulting. In addition, by identifying problems and limitations derived from SMEs information protection consulting results, SMEs should propose measures to improve information security of SMEs that can manage information protection management system more efficiently and effectively.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.450-458
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a new sewage bay that has removed its previous problems and verify the excellence of the maintainability of the new sewage bay. Method: The fluid characteristics in the developed sewage bay was analysed with computer simulation tool(COMSOL MultiphysicsTM ver. 3.2 ; COMSOL) and clarified the problems of the existing sewage bay. In addition, the durability of the newly developed sewage bay was verified by the long-term usability testing. Results: As a result of the simulation of a blocked drainage trap, an whirlpool and blockage did not occurred at the flow rate of 0.6m/sec, and we verified that switch device of drain trap was in good condition durably with 6 months long-term usability test. Conclusion: In this study, a newly advanced sewage bay was developed that solved the problems of the existing sewage bay structure. With the fluid simulation and the long-term usability tests, the excellence of the maintenance ability of the newly developed sewage bay was proved.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2010

The Housing Performance Rating System, enacted on 9 January 2006, an active measure containing provisions on improved quality and advanced performance of the Fire-Protection System for equalized ability to secure safety of life to some extent, is a desirable policy in fire-safety regard. The study of theoretical background of each performance rating section for the purpose of active and wide application of The Fire-Protection System category of the Housing Performance Rating System currently in effect internally. In accordance with the result of the study, the reform measures for the currently detailed evaluation criteria have been suggested to improve the performance of the Fire-Protection area of The Housing Performance Rating System currently being in force based on the assumption of prior settlement of the following; upward settlement of the point distribution standards on the performance ratings of each head backed up by an institutional Government policy with overriding priority; and urgently enacted Fire-Protection related laws and regulations.