• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.77-89
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• 2009

Visual tracking technique is one of the essential things which are very important in the major fields of modern society. While contour tracking is especially necessary technique in the aspect of its fast performance with target's external contour information, it sometimes fails to track target motion because it is affected by the surrounding edges around target and weak egdes on the target boundary. To overcome these weak points, in this research it is suggested that PDMs can be obtained by generating the virtual 6-DOF motions of the mobile robot with a CCD camera and the image tracking system which is robust to the local minima around the target can be configured by constructing Active Shape Model in modular base. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, the experiment is performed on the image stream obtained by a real mobile robot and the better performance is confirmed by comparing the experimental results with the ones of other major tracking techniques.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.104-121
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• 2017

The present study attempted to produce the floor plan of the surroundings near Geumcheongyo Bridge in Changdeokgung Palace of the Late Joseon Period through the use of rubber sheeting transformation based on the drawing principles of "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)". First, the study compared the actual sizes of the major buildings that have existed since the production of "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)" with the sizes depicted in the picture to reveal that the front elevation of the buildings was produced by reducing it by approximately 1/200. However, the study could not confirm the same production proportions for the side elevation. Only the lengths of the side elevation were depicted at around half of the actual proportions, and as the diagonal line angles were found to be at an average of $39^{\circ}$, the study confirmed they were drawn in a manner similar to cabinet projection. Second, the study created an obliquely projected floor plan by inversely shadowing the drawing principles of "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)" and produced a floor plan of the surroundings near Geumcheongyo Bridge in Changdeokgung Palace through the use of rubber sheeting transformation. Projective transformation was confirmed as most suitable during the transformation, and with standard error of 2.1208m, the relatively high accuracy of the transformation shows that the production of a floor plan for "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)" is significant. Furthermore, it implies the possibility of producing floor plans for various documentary paintings produced using the paralleled oblique drawing method in addition to "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)". Third, the study evaluated the accuracy of the spatial information provided by the produced floor plan by comparing the three items of Geumcheongyo Bridge location, Geumcheongyo Bridge and Jinseonmun Gate arrangement, and Geumcheon stone embankment location. The results confirmed the possibility of utilizing the floor plan as a useful tool which helps understand the appearance of the surroundings at the time of "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)" production because it is parallel to the excavation results of the Geumcheongyo Bridge and its context. Therefore, the present study is significant in that it seeks the possibility of producing spatial information recorded in "Donggwoldo(東闕圖)" by applying rubber sheeting transformation and consequently in that it presents a new methodology for understanding the appearance of the East Palace of the Late Joseon Period.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.701-709
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• 2008

Surface Image Velocimetry (SIV) is an instrument to measure water surface velocity by using image processing techniques. It gives us one of the easiest ways to measure water velocity. However, since it requires a set of plane survey data to estimate the velocity, it may give us some kind of misconcept that its usage would be difficult or cumbersome in spite of its handiness. If it has a feature that can estimate the plane survey data easily, it may be treated as like one of the conventional propeller velocimetries and its applicability would be improved so high. The present study is to propose a method to estimate the plane geometry of the physical coordinate with a calibrated camera. With the feature we can half-automatize the estimating procedure for the whole water velocity field. Photogrammetric technique to calculate the plane coordinates of the reference points with a calibrated camera was studied, which has originally studied for long time in the field of computer vision. By applying this technique to SIV, it is possible to estimate the location of reference coordinates for projective transform without plane survey. With this procedure the cumbersome plane survey for the reference points is omitted. One example application of the developed method showed fairly good results with insignificant errors.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.217-245
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• 2007

This research work was aimed at assisting isolated children to adapt their school life having examined the process of their changes by reducing isolation level and isolative behavior through means of implementing group art therapy program. To accomplish this purpose of research, 36 participants were selected from children attending Class 6, 4th Grade of D Elementary School located in Dajeon Metropolitan City, to which researcher was served as homeroom teacher. And the participants were asked to complete a survey that included social and emotional isolation scale test which was designed by Heh Sung-hee(1993) and 4 children marked more than 96 points were designated as isolated children. The group art therapy program exercised in this research was the one that reorganized by research to suit the research purpose based on the precedent works, and survey was conducted total 12 times, two time a week, within 60 minutes per time, between 6 September and 24 October 2006, and researcher conducted group art therapy program directly at Class 6, 4th Grade of D Elementary School using extra hours after school. And following analyses were performed in relation to results therefrom: First, to analyze changes of isolation level of isolated children Quantitatively, the results from pre and post test concerning social and emotional isolation scale were comparatively analyzed. Second, to analyze changes of psychological state of isolated children, projective drawing tests were performed using Kinetic House-Tree-Person(K-HTP) Drawing and Kinetic School Drawing(KSD) and results therefrom were comparatively analyzed. Third, to analyze Quantitatively what changes have been occurred in the isolated children during the course of forming interrelationships with group members while participating in group art therapy, proceedings were summarized per each stage of the program and analyzed accordingly. Fourth, results from researcher's observation of what changes have been occurred in the isolative behavior of isolated children before and after implementation of group art therapy were compared accordingly. Followings are resulting conclusions. First, group art therapy program reduced isolation level of isolated children. Second, group art therapy program changed the isolated children's psychological state into a stable and positive fashion. Third, isolated children became able to experience positive interrelations as well as establishment of new human relationships with group members during the course of participating in the group art therapy program. Fourth, group art therapy program reduced isolative behaviors of the isolated children. Therefore, conclusions could have been reached that the group art therapy program implemented in this research reduced isolative behaviors of the isolated children, and changed their anxious and depressed mental state into stable and positive ones, also established positive interrelationships as well as new human relationships. And, it will be able to expect a greater effect if a program which has been associated with their family could be proceeded along with continuous guidance and teaching having developed objective test tools that will discern isolated children.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

Purpose: Measurement of the horizontal and vertical prism diopter was investigated which was occurred due to distance differences between the optical inter-centeral distance (OC) and the interpupillary distance (PD) of the prescribed glasses. Methods: We surveyed 96 subjects (192 eyes) at the average age of 21.56 years old. The PD was measured by using the PD measurement system (DONGYANG PD-85, Korea), and the OC of the glasses was measured by using the projective peak refractive power measurement system (TOPCON CL-200, Japan). The OH value was measured by using Penlight and the PD ruler. Results: The PD which had been measured by the PD system and the OC of the glasses revealed 78.1% of differences. 62.5% of the objects were base-in value prescribed glasses; 58.3% were out of permissible error. Only 8 subject showed concurrence between the prescribed glasses and the OH value, and 82.3% of the objects were induced vertical prism of over 1 (prism diopter). Conclusions: In order to improve the vision function of people who wear glasses, it is necessary to advance the accuracy of PD, OH measurement and making glasses as well.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.84-94
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• 2018

This study analyzed domestic media articles from 1920 to 2017 using R 3.4, a big data analysis tool. In addition, it examines the sexual minority discourse reproduced through the media for about 100 years, focused on the role of the film as an art of struggling with the projective aversion to sexual minorities. sexual minorities in movies are not abominable. They are people we already know in our daily lives, and they are just different in sexual orientation. In general, sexual minorities are less likely to encounter in everyday life, so they are experienced and perceived through what the media present. It is noteworthy that the representation of sexual minorities in the media is formed as a major agenda of our society by publicizing the problems underlying society on the surface. It causes social issues to be raised by revealing and highlighting the problems that are regarded as alienated and avoided from the mainstream's gaze. The content provided by the media enables a three-dimensional experience of subjects who have not experienced it by themselves, and has a decisive influence in correctly recognizing and judging society. Media content suggests that it can be a powerful weapon of recognition struggle that can naturally fight against social hatred without using methods such as demonstrations or protests.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

We propose an interactive projection technique to display details of a large image in a high resolution and brightness by tracking a portable projector. A closed-loop based tracking method is presented to update the projected image while a user changes the position of the detail area by moving the portable projector. A marker is embedded in the large image to indicate the position to be occupied by the detail image projected by the portable projector. The marker is extracted in sequential images acquired by a camera attached to the portable projector. The marker position in the large display image is updated under a constraint that the center positions of marker and camera frame coincide in every camera frame. The image and projective transformation for warping are calculated using the marker position and shape in the camera frame. The marker's four corner points are determined by a four-step segmentation process which consists of camera image preprocessing based on HSI, edge extraction by Hough transformation, quadrangle test, and cross-ratio test. The interactive projection system implemented by the proposed method performs at about 24fps. In the user study, the overall feedback about the system usability was very high.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2010

This research was carried out to see that to what extent KSD reaction can be related to types of sociometric status, and it was carried out on the basis of an hypothesis that KSD reactions of elementary school students in high grades(4th, 5th, 6th grades) would vary according to gender and 5 types of sociometric status, For that purpose, sociometry which were developed by Ahn Iehwan(2007) and KSD, were implemented with students of 20 classes (5 classes of 4th grade, 5 classes of 5th grade and 10 classes of 6th grade) at an elementary school in A city. Number of students surveyed was 366 and it was not exactly the stratified cluster sampling method. To verify 3 hypotheses, independent samples t-test, one way ANOVA, discriminant analysis were made. As a result, there was statistically significant difference in action factor and characteristics factor among 3 factors of KSD reaction by gender, but there was not statistically significant difference in dynamics factor. The result of one way ANOVA showed there was statistically significant difference in characteristics factor and dynamics factor among female students, but there was not statistically significant difference in action factor. Therefore, it was understood that characteristics factor of KSD reaction was closely related to gender difference and types of sociometric status. From the result of this research, it was considered necessary to review KSD scoring system suggested by 田中志帆(2009). And lastly, it was observed that KSD reaction was not effective in evaluating sociometry, and a new approach to the projective drawing test was suggested as a supplementary method for sociometry.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.7
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• pp.165-188
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• 2009

In the development of linear perspective, Brook Taylor's theory has achieved a special position. With his method described in Linear Perspective(1715) and New Principles of Linear Perspective(1719), the subject of linear perspective became a generalized and abstract theory rather than a practical method for painters. He is known to be the first who used the term 'vanishing point'. Although a similar concept has been used form the early stage of Renaissance linear perspective, he developed a new method of British perspective technique of measure points based on the concept of 'vanishing points'. In the 15th and 16th century linear perspective, pictorial space is considered as independent space detached from the outer world. Albertian method of linear perspective is to construct a pavement on the picture in accordance with the centric point where the centric ray of the visual pyramid strikes the picture plane. Comparison to this traditional method, Taylor established the concent of a vanishing point (and a vanishing line), namely, the point (and the line) where a line (and a plane) through the eye point parallel to the considered line (and the plane) meets the picture plane. In the traditional situation like in Albertian method, the picture plane was assumed to be vertical and the center of the picture usually corresponded with the vanishing point. On the other hand, Taylor emphasized the role of vanishing points, and as a result, his method entered the domain of projective geometry rather than Euclidean geometry. For Taylor's theory was highly abstract and difficult to apply for the practitioners, there appeared many perspective treatises based on his theory in England since 1740s. Joshua Kirby's Dr. Brook Taylor's Method of Perspective Made Easy, Both in Theory and Practice(1754) was one of the most popular treatises among these posterior writings. As a well-known painter of the 18th century English society and perspective professor of the St. Martin's Lane Academy, Kirby tried to bridge the gap between the practice of the artists and the mathematical theory of Taylor. Trying to ease the common readers into Taylor's method, Kirby somehow abbreviated and even omitted several crucial parts of Taylor's ideas, especially concerning to the inverse problems of perspective projection. Taylor's theory and Kirby's handbook reveal us that the development of linear perspective in European society entered a transitional phase in the 18th century. In the European tradition, linear perspective means a representational system to indicated the three-dimensional nature of space and the image of objects on the two-dimensional surface, using the central projection method. However, Taylor and following scholars converted linear perspective as a complete mathematical and abstract theory. Such a development was also due to concern and interest of contemporary artists toward new visions of infinite space and kaleidoscopic phenomena of visual perception.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 1988

In order to investigate the shearing efficiency of the Danish sein net using in the sea area of korea, the autors carried out a models of prototype net, and the nets on which the canvas attached to the rear part of the square and to the extension wing of the prototype net, respectively. The model net is made of scale of 1/35 according to Tauti's Law of similarity on fishing gear. The result obtained are as follows: 1. The hydrodynamic resistance increased the maximum 30% in case of the canvas attached to the square, and decreased the maximum 35% in case of the canvas attached to the extension wing in comparison with prototype net. 2. The height of net mouth increased the maximum 12% in case of the canvas attached to the square, and decreased the maximum 5.8% in case of the canvas attached to the extension wing in comparison with prototype net. 3. The width of net mouth decreased the maximum 4% in case of the canvas attached to the square, and increased the maximum 8.4% in case of the canvas attached to the extension wing in comparison with prototype net. 4. The projective area of net mouth increased the maximum 13.6% in case of the canvas attached to the square and increased the maximum 11.8% in case of the canvas attached to she extension wing in comparison prototype net.