• 경영과학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.43-60
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• 2004

Every iteration of interior-point methods of large scale optimization requires computing at least one orthogonal projection. In the practice, symmetric variants of the Gaussian elimination such as Cholesky factorization are accepted as the most efficient and sufficiently stable method. In this paper several specific implementation issues of the symmetric factorization that can be applied for solving such equations are discussed. The code called McSML being the result of this work is shown to produce comparably sparse factors as another implementations in the $MATLAB^{***}$ environment. It has been used for computing projections in an efficient implementation of self-regular based interior-point methods, McIPM. Although primary aim of developing McSML was to embed it into an interior-point methods optimizer, the code may equally well be used to solve general large sparse systems arising in different applications.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권8호
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• pp.87-98
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• 1994

Object-oriented analysis-synthesis coding subdivides each image of a sequence into moving objects and compensates the motion of each object. Thus it can reconstruct real motion better than conventional motion-compensated coding techniques at very-low-bit-rates. It uses a mapping parameter technique for estimating motion information of each object. Since a mapping parameter technique uses gradient operators it is sensitive to redundant details and noise. To accurately determine mapping parameters, we propose a new analysis method using integral projections for estimation of gradient values. Also to reconstruct correctly the local motion the proposed algorithm divides an image into segmented objects each of which having uniform motion information while the conventional one assumes a large object having the same motion information. Computer simulation results with several test sequences show that the proposed image analysis method in object-oriented analysis-synthesis coding shows better performance than the conventional one.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.392-401
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• 2005

2D CAD is being replaced by 3D CAD to improve efficiency of product design and manufacturing. Therefore, converting legacy 2D drawings into 3D solid models is required. CSG based approaches construct solid models from orthographic views more efficiently than traditional B-rep based approaches. A major limitation of CSG based approaches has been the limited domain of objects that can be handled. This paper aims at extending the capabilities of CSG based approaches by proposing hint-based recognition of interacting solids of revolution which can handle interacting solids of revolution as well as isolated solids of revolution.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2005

A retrograde tracer, WGA-apo-HRP-gold, was injected into midline thalamic nuclei and subsequently orexin-A immunostaining was performed on the tuberal region of the hypothalamus in order to investigate orexinergic projections to the midline thalamus. Injection site was targeted within one specific region, i.e., paraventricular, centromedian, rhomboid, reuniens, or intermediodorsal nucleus, but it proved to be either one or a combination of these thalamic nuclei. The distribution of WG/orexin-double-labeled neurons exhibited a general pattern in that the majority of labeled cells were observed within the ventral portion of the lateral hypothalamus as well as the perifornical nucleus (PeF). A small number of double-labeled cells were also observed at the dorsomedial nucleus, the area dorsal to the PeF, dorsal portion of the lateral hypothalamus, and the posterior hypothalamus. These orexin-immunoreactive neurons might have wake-related influences over a variety of functions related with midline thalamic nuclei, which include autonomic control, associative cortical functions, and limbic regulation.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.177-213
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• 1998

conflicting criterial used in identifying words have called the lexical integrity principle into question. That is, cases where the morphological word does not coincide with the syntactic word have notivated the syntactic view of word derivation, as pointed out by Bresnan and Mchombo(1995). Further, the implicit desire to make the clausal structure of Korean parallel to those posited for English(Chomsky 1991) and French(Pollock 1989) has also led most of the current literature on Korean morphology to claim that Korean verbal inflections head their own functional projections such as AgrP, TP, and MP im syntax. In this paper, I will first argue against such a syntactic view. After reviewing some basic properties of Korean verbal inflections, I will show that the evidence from mismatch phenomena supports the lexical integrity principle over the head-movement theories of word derivation. Then, I will propose a theory of lexical grammar which maintains the lexical integrity principle while retaining the effects of functional projections and syntactic movement.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1355-1375
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• 2021

The n-dimensional generalized Hartogs triangles ℍⁿ_𝐩 with n ≥ 2 and 𝐩 := (p₁, …, p_n) ∈ (ℝ⁺)ⁿ are the domains defined by ℍⁿ_𝐩 := {z = (z₁, …, z_n) ∈ ℂⁿ : |z₁|^p₁ < ⋯ < |z_n|^p_n < 1}. In this paper, we study the L^p Sobolev mapping properties for the Bergman projections on the n-dimensional generalized Hartogs triangles ℍⁿ_𝐩, which can be viewed as a continuation of the work by S. Zhang in [25] and a higher-dimensional generalization of the work by L. D. Edholm and J. D. McNeal in [16].

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2022

It is well known that dopamine transmission from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) modulates motivated behavior and reinforcement learning. Although dopaminergic neurons are the major type of VTA neurons, recent studies show that a significant proportion of the VTA contains GABAergic and type 2 vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT2)-positive neurons. The non-dopaminergic neurons are also critically involved in regulating motivated behaviors. Some VTA neurons appear to co-release two different types of neurotransmitters. They are VGLUT2-DA neurons, VGLUT2-GABA neurons and GABA-DA neurons. These co-releasing neurons show distinct features compared to the neurons that release a single neurotransmitter. Here, we review how VTA cell populations wire to the other brain regions and how these projections differentially contribute to motivated behavior through the distinct molecular mechanism. We summarize the activities, projections and functions of VTA neurons concerning motivated behavior. This review article discriminates VTA cell populations related to the motivated behavior based on the neurotransmitters they release and extends the classical view of the dopamine-mediated reward system.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제50권
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• pp.26.1-26.3
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• 2020

The biocompatible polyurethane acrylate (PUA) nanopillars were fabricated by soft lithography using three different sizes of nanobeads (350, 500, and 1000 nm), and the human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were cultured on the nanopillars. The hASCs and their various behaviors, such as cytoplasmic projections, migration, and morphology, were observed by high resolution images using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). With the accurate analysis by SEM for the controlled sizes of nanopillars, the deflections are observed at pillars fabricated with 350- and 500- nm nanobeads. These high-resolution images could offer crucial information to elucidate the complicated correlations between nanopillars and the cells, such as morphology and cytoplasmic projections.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.738-739
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• 2015

The main objective of this study, "Spatial Downscaling of Precipitation from GCMs for Assessing Climate Change over Han River and Imjin River Watersheds", is to carry out over Han River and Imjin River watersheds. To this end, a statistical regression method with MOS (Model Output Statistics) corrections at every downscaling step was developed and applied for downscaling the spatially-coarse Global Climate Model Projections (GCMPs) from CCSM3 and CSIRO with respect to precipitation into 0.1 degree (about 11 km) spatial grid over study regions. The spatially archived hydro-climate data sets such as Willmott, GsMap and APHRODITE datasets were used for MOS corrections by means of monthly climatology between observations and downscaled values. Precipitation values downscaled in this study were validated against ground observations and then future climate simulation results on precipitation were evaluated for the projections.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.783-791
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• 1998

A random vector X on $R^{d}$ with the following properties is constructed: the distribution of X is infinitely divisible and not selfdecomposable, but every linear transformation of X to a lower-dimensional space has a selfdecomposable distribution.