• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.1001-1006
• /
• 2015

Background: With development and application of new and effective anti-cancer drugs, the median survival post-progression (SPP) is often prolonged, and the role of the median SPP on surrogacy performance should be considered. To evaluate the impact of the median SPP on the correlation between progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), we performed simulations for treatment of four types of cancer, advanced gastric cancer (AGC), metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC), glioblastoma (GBM), and advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (ANSCLC). Materials and Methods: The effects of the median SPP on the statistical properties of OS and the correlation between PFS and OS were assessed. Further, comparisons were made between the surrogacy performance based on real data from meta-analyses and simulation results with similar scenarios. Results: The probability of a significant gain in OS and HR for OS was decreased by an increase of the SPP/OS ratio or by a decrease of observed treatment benefit for PFS. Similarly, for each of the four types of cancer, the correlation between PFS and OS was reduced as the median SPP increased from 2 to 12 months. Except for ANSCLC, for which the median SPP was equal to the true value, the simulated correlation between PFS and OS was consistent with the values derived from meta-analyses for the other three kinds of cancer. Further, for these three types of cancer, when the median SPP was controlled at a designated level (i.e., < 4 months for AGC, < 12 months for MCC, and <6 months for GBM), the correlation between PFS and OS was strong; and the power of OS reached 34.9% at the minimum. Conclusions: PFS is an acceptable surrogate endpoint for OS under the condition of controlling SPPs for AGC, MCC, and GBM at their limit levels; a similar conclusion cannot be made for ANSCLC.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.131-139
• /
• 1999

신호 교차로의 지체도에 미치는 가장 큰 영향요소중의 하나는 신호연동인데 신호연동지체도 예측모형으로서 T7RANSTY-7F모형과 NETSIM모형이 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. 이는 컴퓨터 프로그래밍기법을 이용해야 하는 복잡함과 실행과정이 쉽지않다. 본 연구는 연동지체의 산정을 도로용량편람의 사용예처럼 간편하면서 시뮬레이션모형과 유사한 결과를 갖는 모형을 연구하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 연구의 범위는 차량군을 대상으로한 거시적모형이며 신호교차로 연동지체를 평가하는 해석적 모형이다. 그리고 정상류상태(v/c<1)를 대상으로 하면서 차량군지체만을 산정하는 모형이다. 본 연구방법은 차량군도착으로 형성되는 누적교통량·시간함수에 의한 지체도산정을 적분법으로서 두 개의 도착유형으로 구분하여 산출하였으며 본 연구결과로는 제안모형내에 차량군 연속진행의 도착패턴을 직접적으로 반영하였고 현실 특성에 부합된 차량군형태를 구성하였다. TRANSTY-7F모형과 유사한 결과를 도출하였으며 수계산으로도 적용할 수 있고 기존의 해석적 모형이 결여된 경우에 대한 지체도예측도 가능하였다.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.352-363
• /
• 2001

Purpose: To investigate ictal hyperperfusion patterns during semiologic progression of seizures, we performed SPECT subfraction in 50 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Materials and Methods: The patients were categorized Into five groups according to semiologic progression during ictal SPECT (group-1 having only aura; group-2 haying motionless staling with or without aura; group-3 having motionless staring and then automatism with or without aura; group-4 having motionless staring and then dystonic posturing with or without aura and automatism; group-5 having motionless staring, automatism, then head version and generalized seizures with or without aura and dystonic posturing). Results: In group-1, three patients showed ipsilateral temporal hyperperfusion and two had bilateral temporal hyperperfusion with ipsilateral predominance. In group-2, three (42.9%) patients showed bilateral temporal hyperperfusion with unilateral predominance and four (57.1%) revealed insular hyperperfusion of epileptic side. In group-3, 15 patients (88.2%) showed bilateral temporal hyperperfusion with unilateral predominance and 12 (70.6%) insular hyperperfusion. In group-4, 11 patients (84.6%) showed basal ganglia hyperperfusion on the opposite hemisphere to the side of the dystonic posturing. en group-5, there were multiple hyperperfusion areas in the frontal, temporal and basal ganglia regions. However, the injection times of radiotracer in five groups were relatively short and similar. Conclusions: The semiologic progression in TLE seizures were related to the propagation of hyperperfusion from ipsilateral temporal lobe to contralateral temporal lobe, insula, basal ganglia, and frontal lobe. Not only the radiotracer injection time but also semiologic progression after the Injection was significant in determining hyperperfusion pattern of ictal SPECT.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제63권2호
• /
• pp.102-110
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 G 과학고등학교의 영재학생 97명을 대상으로 설문지를 통해 과학 메타모델링 지식의 발달 단계를 탐구하였다. Rasch 모델 분석 결과 Person reliability는 0.71, Item reliability는 0.96로서 과학 메타모델링 지식의 발달 단계가 적합함을 확인하였다. 학생들의 과학 메타모델링 지식의 발달 단계는 4단계로 분류되었으며, 크게 모델을 객관적인 것으로 보는 1, 2단계와 모델을 주관적인 것으로 인지하는 3, 4단계로 나뉘었다. 1단계는 모델을 하나의 현상을 그대로 시각적으로 표상한 것으로 보는 관점이고, 2단계는 모델이란 객관적인 지식이나 이론에 해당하는 것으로서 설명을 위한 도구라고 생각하는 단계이다. 3단계는 모델을 과학자의 탐구 도구로서 바라보며, 4단계는 모델이란 잠정적인 것이며 한 가지 현상에 여러 개의 모델이 공존할 수 있다고 보는 단계이다. 본 연구에서 도출한 과학영재 학생들의 과학 메타모델링 지식의 발달 단계는 영재학생들을 대상으로 과학 모델 및 모델링에 대한 교육과정을 구성할 때 참고자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.65-67
• /
• 2011

The detailed clinical characteristics of unilateral moyamoya disease (MMD) have not been fully elucidated. It has been reported that some patients with unilateral MMD progress to bilateral involvement, while others remain with the unilateral variant In this series, we present a case of unilateral MMD that progressed to bilateral involvement over the course of just one month.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.495-498
• /
• 1994

Genistein, a inhibitor of the progression of G$_{1}$ and G$_{2}$ phase of the mammalian cell cycle, was discovered through a unique screening system, in which effects of microbial metabolites on the cycle progression of the cultured mouse mammalian carcinoma cell were monitored by flow cytometry. The inhibitor was extracted from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. ZF10 with ethyl acetate, and purified by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 2007년도 Proceedings of The Convention of The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2007

Increasing evidence indicates that microglia-driven chronic inflammatory responses playa pathological role in the central nervous system. Activation of microglia is pivotal in the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation. Inhibition of the microglial activation may provide an effective therapeutic intervention that alleviates the progression of the neurodegenerative diseases. Anti-inflammatory agents may be a useful candidate for such a therapeutic approach. Continual investigation of the mechanisms underlying microglial activation and regulation of neuroinflammation by endogenous or exogenous factors would not only lead to the discovery of novel neuroprotective agents, but also help to understand complex pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 2020

Somatic RUNX1 mutations are found in approximately 10% of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but are more common in secondary forms of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or AML. Particularly, this applies to MDS/AML developing from certain types of leukemia-prone inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. How these RUNX1 mutations contribute to the pathobiology of secondary MDS/AML is still unknown. This mini-review focusses on the role of RUNX1 mutations as the most common secondary leukemogenic hit in MDS/AML evolving from severe congenital neutropenia (SCN).

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.159-162
• /
• 2019

The most cases with orbital metastases have been reported in patients with a prior established diagnosis of cancer and widespread systemic involvement. However, ocular symptoms can be developed as an initial presentation of cancer in patients without cancer history. We report a case of rapid progression from trochlear nerve palsy to orbital apex syndrome as an initial presentation of advanced gastric cancer.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제58권2호
• /
• pp.305-313
• /
• 2021

Let h ≥ 2 and A = {a0, a1, …, ak-1} be a finite set of integers. It is well-known that |hA| = hk - h + 1 if and only if A is a k-term arithmetic progression. In this paper, we give some nontrivial inverse results of the sets A with some extremal the cardinalities of hA.