• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권8호
• /
• pp.4169-4172
• /
• 2012

Background: The majority of women in rural India have poor or no access to cervical cancer screening services, although one.quarter of all cervical cancers in the world occur there. Several large trials have proven the efficacy of low-tech cervical cancer screening methods in the Indian context but none have documented the necessary components and processes of implementing this evidence in a low-resource setting. Methods: This paper discusses a feasible model of implementation of cervical cancer screening programme in low-resource settings developed through a pilot research project carried out in rural Tamilnadu, India. The programme used visual inspection of cervix after acetic acid application (VIA) as a screening tool, nurses in the primary care centres as the primary screeners and peer educators within Self-Help Women groups to raise community awareness. Results: The uptake of screening was initially low despite the access to a screening programme. However, the programme witnessed an incremental increase in the number of women accessing screening with increasing community awareness. Conclusions: The investigators recommend 4 key components to programme implementation in low-resource setting: 1) Evidence-based, cost-effective test and treatment available within the reach of the community; 2) Appropriate referral pathways; 3) Skilled health workers and necessary equipment; and 4) Optimisation of health literacy, beliefs, attitudes of the community.

• 월간산업보건
• /
• 통권261호
• /
• pp.60-65
• /
• 2010

• 한국의료질향상학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.66-94
• /
• 1994

Hospital Accreditation Programme(HAP) has been introduced in many countries in the world for these recent years. This article reviews the HAP in the aspects of the organization, survey and evaluation process, evaluation criteria, and its impact to the hospital quality improvement. The nations included in this study are USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and Korea. To carry out this comparative study, the authors have reviewed articles and accreditation manuals having been issued in many countries. An expert panel of medical doctor, nurse, pharmacist, administrator, and specialist in health facilities formulated a study framework. The results of this study enhance understanding about hospital accreditation activities according to each nation's health care system. In recent years, the Korean government has launched the plan to improve the quality of health services by strengthening the hospital accreditation programme. This study results can provide useful information in development and implementation of the national hospital accreditation programme in Korea.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제28권3호통권71호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine among public health centre staff in charge of running such programmes. To do so, we examined and analysed the current situation of implementing the programmes in the public health centre. Methods : A survey was designed to collect information on perception of the health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine by public health centre staff in charge of running such programmes. The survey, using a structured questionnaire designed for this study, was conducted on 161 public health centre staff attending an annual meeting to presenting the results of activity evaluation related to public health programmes using traditional Korean medicine in public health centres. The participants were asked about the most successful programme, the benefits of the programmes, the positive aspects of the programmes, the most desirable outcomes of the programmes and so on. The data were analysed using SPSS system 12.0 for Windows. Results : Of the 161 questionnaires, 121 were analysed. The main findings of this research were as follows. Of the health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine implemented in public health centres, qigong and stroke preventive health promotion programmes were perceived as the most successful. The major benefits of the programmes were having merit for health promotion and expecting a positive performance outcome. The major positive aspects of the programmes for health promotion were cultivating community citizen's support and showing consistency between the philosophy of the programmes and the direction of existing health promotion programmes. The most desirable outcomes of the programmes were spreading community understanding of the programme and establishing an effective and unique health promotion model for implementing the programme. Two major causes of implementation difficulties were lack of material resources such as manpower, facility, and equipment, and methods of performance evaluation. One of the most urgent needs for activating the implementation of programmes was continuing financial and technical support from the central government. Conclusions : To promote the role of traditional Korean medicine in the public health sector in order to integrate traditional medicine into the public health system, government should develop some measures for solving the identified causes of implementation difficulties and coping with the most urgent needs for activating the implementation of programmes.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.31-50
• /
• 2012

The present study explored whether the implementation of focused activities (intervention programme) can enhance 22 pre-service mathematics teachers' proficiency in solid geometry thinking level as well as change for the better their feelings in this discipline. Over a period of 6 weeks the pre-service teachers participated in activities and diversified experiences with 3D shapes, using illustration aids and actual experience of building 3D shapes in relation to the various spatial thinking levels. The research objectives were to investigate whether the intervention programme, comprising task-oriented activities of solid geometry, enhance mathematics pre-service teachers' mastery of their geometric thinking levels as well as examine their feelings towards this discipline before and after the intervention programme. The findings illustrate that learners' levels of geometric thinking can be promoted, entailing control on higher thinking levels as well as a more positive attitude towards this field.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.105-119
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the program for the control of acute respiratory infections(ARI) in children in a Korean rural area(Yonchon county). Evaluating the program, we focused on the pattern of prescription and appropriateness of antibiotics prescribed by the health personnel who had participated in the ARI Control Program. It was implemented at the primary health care setting in rural area, such as district hospital, health subcenters, and health posts. During six-months programme monitoring period, medical records were reviewed and collected data were analysed by the pediatrician, research coordinator of this study. The baseline data were collected from medical records of the same period(six months) of one year before the implementation of the ARI programme. The study results were as follow : 1. Common cold was the most prevalent disease(78.7%. 594 cases) among the all ARI cases (755 cases). The less frequent cases were bronchitis(11.9%), acute pharyngitis(5.2%), and pneumonia(1.8%). 2. Significant reduction in the use of antibiotics was observed after the programme implementation. Ninety three(15.7%) of 594 common cold cases were received antibiotics compared with 282(35.2%) of 802 in the baseline period. In the cases of bronchitis and acute pharyngitis, the reduction rates were 15.1% and 23.2% respectively compared to the baseline period. 3. Mean duration of antibiotics prescription was 1.81-1.75 days, similar to the baseline data. 4. The appropriateness rate of antibiotics prescriptions were 84.3%(common cold), 35.6% (bronchitis) and 28.2%(acute pharyngitis). In the case of pneumonia, the antibiotics prescription was compatible to the criteria developed. 5. Pediatrician prescribed antibiotics more appropriately for all cases than general practitioners in health sub-center, and nurse practitioners in health posts. 6. Antibiotics therapy was shown to be of no effect in the treatment of the all ARI cases. At the 5 and 10 days check-up of common cold cases after visits, proportion of improved patients were 58.3% in the antibiotics-used group and 51.4% in the control group. In the other cases of ARI, the patterns of response were similar to common cold. None of the differences in outcome between the antibiotics-used and control group was statistically significant. This ARI programme may have substantial a substantial impact on antibiotics use at the public health institutions(district hospital, health subcenters, health posts) which are of major domain for primary health care in Korean rural areas.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.232-251
• /
• 2012

이 연구는 영국 국가교육과정의 개정에 따른 지리 학습프로그램의 변화와 그 함의를 밝히고자 한 것이다. 2008년과 2011년부터 각각 시행된 중등 및 초등 국가교육과정은 1995년과 2000년에 이어 세 번째 개정으로서 그 이전보다 편제 면에서나 내용 면에서나 획기적인 변화를 보이고 있다. 특히, 초등 국가교육과정은 6개의 학습영역으로 재편 되었는데, 기존의 KS1-2 지리는 역사 및 시민성과 함께 '역사적, 지리적, 사회적 이해'라는 학습영역에 통합되어, 처음으로 통합사회과의 출범을 알리는 계기가 되었다. 그리하여 현재 영국 국가교육과정에서는 지리는 KS3에서만 기초 교과로서 그 이름을 유지하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 국가교육과정은 여전히 학습프로그램과 성취목표로 구성되어 있다. 그러나 학습프로그램의 구성 체제와 그 내용에 있어서는 매우 큰 변화가 있었다. 초등의 경우 학습프로그램이 '교육과정 목표-학습영역의 중요성-본질적 지식-핵심기능-범교과적 학습-학습의 폭-교육과정의 계열'로, 중등의 경우 '교육과정 목표-교과의 중요성-핵심개념-핵심프로세서-범위와 내용-교육과정 기회'로 재구조화되었다. 이 연구는 이와 같은 새로운 지리 학습프로그램의 항목별 특징과 효과적인 지리교육과정 계획을 위한 함의를 도출하였다.

• 한국노년학
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.885-903
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 노인일자리사업 정책과정에서의 이용자 참여에 관한 탐색적 연구로서, 정책 결정 및 집행 과정에서 소위 정책대상자이자 이용자인 노인들의 참여는 어떻게 이루어지는가에 관한 연구 질문에서 시작되었다. 노인일자리사업이 비교적 성공적으로 자리잡고 있는 서울시 A구 사례를 중심으로 중앙정부에서부터 사업수행 기관의 실무선까지 정책과정의 각 단계 담당자들과의 인터뷰를 통한 질적 연구를 바탕으로 하였다. 분석 결과, 정책결정과정에서의 이용자 직접 참여는 전무(全無)하다고 볼 수 있으며, 이는 하향식 정책과정의 구조적 한계와 관료들이 파악하는 현재 노인들의 역량 부족에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, '윗선'의 인식변화와 주요 이슈에 관한 '사회적 합의'는 이러한 경직된 정책과정에 변화를 가져올 수 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 정책집행 과정에서도 이용자 참여는 근무환경의 개선 등 제한된 범위 내에서 부분적으로 이루어지고 있었는데, 이에는 사업수행기관의 적극적인 지원이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 기관의 적극적 지원이 뒷받침되었을 때 참여노인의 역량 강화에 따라 사업에의 참여도와 만족도 역시 높아지는 것으로 나타나 실질적 지원의 강화가 현 시점에서 이용자 참여를 높이는 데 매우 중요함을 시사하고 있다. 한편, 관련자들은 베이비 붐 세대의 은퇴 이후, 즉 미래 노인들의 참여 행태는 노인들의 역량 면에서나 사회적인 인식 면에서 기존 노인세대와는 다를 것으로 예상하고 있었다. 이는 미래의 활발한 이용자 참여를 위해서는 정부를 비롯한 관련 기관들이 지금부터 정책적인 준비와 지원을 해야 함을 시사한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.2991-2999
• /
• 2013

Background: Introduction of the HPV vaccine is a forefront primary prevention method in reducing the incidence of carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. The Malaysia government has implemented the National HPV immunisation programme since 2010, supplying HPV vaccine free to targeted 13 year olds. This study aimed to explore the level of knowledge among mothers on cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccine and National HPV (NHPV) immunisation programme since its' implementation. It also assessed acceptance of mothers towards HPV vaccine being administered to their daughter, son or themselves. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 155 respondents using self-administered questionnaires; conducted in December 2012 at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Results: A response rate of 100% was obtained. Overall, 51.0% of mothers had good knowledge, with 55% having good knowledge of cervical cancer, 54.2% for both HPV and the National HPV immunisation programme and 51.0% for the HPV vaccine. Regression analyses showed that ethnicity was associated with knowledge on cervical cancer (p=0.003) while education was associated with knowledge on HPV (p=0.049). Three factors are associated with knowledge of the National HPV immunisation programme; ethnicity (p=0.017), mothers' education (p=0.0005) and number of children (p=0.020). The acceptance of HPV vaccine to be administered among daughter was the highest at 87.1%, followed by for mothers themselves at 73.5%, and the least is for sons 62.6%. Conclusions: This study found that the overall level of knowledge was moderate. Adequate information on cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccination and the National HPV immunisation programme should be provided to mothers in order to increase acceptance of the HPV vaccine which can reduce the disease burden in the future.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2013

This paper describes basic plans for the development of a radioactive waste disposal facility with the introduction of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) for Kenya. The specific objective of this study was to estimate the total projected waste volumes of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste (LILW) expected to be generated from the Kenyan nuclear power programme. The facility is expected to accommodate LILW to be generated from operation and decommissioning of nuclear power plants for a period of 50 years. An on-site storage capacity of 700 $m^3$ at nuclear power plant sites and a final disposal repository facility of more than 7,000 $m^3$ capacity were derived by considering Korean nuclear power programme radioactive waste generation data, including Kori, Hanbit, and APR 1400 nuclear reactor data. The repository program is best suited to be introduced roughly 10 years after reactor operation. This study is important as an initial implementation of a national LILW disposal program for Kenya and other newcomer countries interested in nuclear power technology.