• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.759-771
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• 2016

We compared the fruit set and the quality of the 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) among flowers pollinated by two bee species (Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris) and pollinated artificial. The artificial pollination rate was 1.3 to 1.9 times higher than the bee pollination rate. Moreover, the artificially pollinated flowers produced fruit that was 5 to 10% higher in weight, 2 to 3% larger in size, and had a higher fruit shape index (L/D) than fruit pollinated by the bees. On economic analysis, net profit from insect pollinator was 93.5 to 97.1% of net profit from artificial pollination. Therefore, artificial pollination is more efficient than bee pollination in 'Niitaka' pear. However, regarding fruit quality and net profit, these results suggest that bee pollination can be an good alternative to artificial pollination in 'Niitaka' pear.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.145-156
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is one of high price medical equipment wished to grasp propriety factor about the MRI introduction, analyzing payability through cost accounting into compensation. It was investigated from January 1 to December 31, 2007 about the MRI of a General Hospital. Expectation availability was 23.2 cases, but actual availability did achievement more than 196.1% with 45.5 items. It is estimated that there are a lot of occurrence cases because great reasons that actual availability increases more than expectation availability is excellent resolving power than a CT, and is device that prefer to reason back that radiation damage is less in person body. The followings show the main results of this study. 1. The MRI was construed in order of cost accounting, wave and personnel expenses 45.4%, administrative expenses 53.0%, and material costs 1.6%. 2. According to CVP (Cost-volume-profit) analysis, BEP (Break Even Point) profit is 173,931,428 won for 11 months, and break even usage number of items are 37.5 cases, and separation usage number of items were confirmed by 1.4 cases. Therefore, was construed that can achieve BEP within 11 months though usage number of items keeps 1.4 items day to create the MRI's hospital operation profit. 3. Estimated limit profitability appears high by 96.7%, exceed fixed charges even if when is non-benefit and when it is benefit consider variable, is judged that the MRI's addition induction helps in hospital management enhancing earning rates.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.37
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• pp.307-341
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• 2007

The Blog enables individuals to become communication producers, not merely consumers. This study aims to analyse the practice of the Blog communication and the surrounding social dynamics. Employing ethnographic content analysis, in-depth interview, and participatory observation, this study tried to explore following research questions: 1) What are the value-added process and social dynamics surrounding the production and practice of the Blog communication? From the perspective of political economy, the mechanisms of market economy of capitalism directly and indirectly worked in Blog production, making it as a medium for profit. The power of capital overwhelmed the blog. These results enable us to predict that Blog can be a new tool for capitalism to create profit.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.123-137
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• 2010

The main purpose of this article is for deriving functions related to the prediction of the closure of the hospitals, and finding out how the discriminant functions affect the closure of the hospitals. Empirical data were collected from 3 years financial statements of 41 private hospitals closed down from 2000 till 2006 and 62 private hospitals in business till now. As a result, the functions related to the prediction of the closure of the private hospital are 4 indices: Return on Assets, Operating Margin, Normal Profit Total Assets, Interest expenses to Total borrowings and bonds payable. From these discriminant functions predicting the closure, I found that the profitability indices - Return on Assets, Operating Margin, Normal Profit Total Assets - are the significant affecting factors. The discriminant functions predicting the closure of the group of the hospitals, 3 years before the closure were Normal Profit to Gross Revenues, Total borrowings and bonds payable to total assets, Total Assets Turnover, Total borrowings and bonds payable to Revenues, Interest expenses to Total borrowings and bonds payable and among them Normal Profit to Gross Revenues, Total borrowings and bonds payable to total assets, Total Assets Turnover, Total borrowings and bonds payable to Revenues are the significant affecting factors. However 2 years before the closure, the discriminant functions predicting the closure of the hospital were Interest expenses to Total borrowings and bonds payable and it was the significant affecting factor. And, one year before the closure, the discriminant functions predicting the closure were Total Assets Turnover, Fixed Assets Turnover, Growth Rate of Total Assets, Growth Rate of Revenues, Interest expenses to Revenues, Interest expenses to Total borrowings and bonds payable. Among them, Total Assets Turnover, Growth Rate of Revenues, Interest expenses to Revenues were the significant affecting factors.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.19-38
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• 2008

Financial ratios are key indicators of an organization's financial and business conditions. Among various financial indicators, profitability, financial structure, financial activity and liquidity ratios are frequently used and analyzed. Using the structural equation modeling(SEM) technique, this study examines the structural causal relationships among key financial indicators. Data for this study are taken from complete financial statements from 142 hospitals that passed the standardization audit undertaken by the Korean Hospital Association from 1998 to 2001 for the purpose of accrediting teaching hospitals. In order to improve comparability, ratio values are standardized using the Blom's normal distribution. The final model of the SEM has four latent constructs: financial activity(total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover), liquidity(current ratio, quick ratio, collection period), financial structure(total debt to equity, long-term debt to equity, fixed assets to fund balance), and profitability(return on assets, normal profit to total assets, operating margin to gross revenue, normal profit to gross revenue). While examining several model fit indices(Chi-square (df) = 178.661 (40), likelihood ratio=4.467, RMR=.11, GFI=.849, RMSEA=.157), the final SEM we employed shows a relatively good fit. After examining the path coefficient of the constructs, the financial structure of the hospital affects the hospital's profitability in a statistically significant way. A hospital which utilizes its liabilities, more specifically fixed liabilities, and makes a stable investment decision for fixed assets was found to have a higher profitability than other hospitals. Then, the standard path coefficients were examined to directly compare the influence of variables. It was found that there were no statistically significant path coefficients among constructs. When it comes to variables, however, statistically significant relationships were found. between. financial activity and. fixed. asset turnover, and between profitability and normal profit to gross revenue. These results show that the observed variables of fixed asset turnover and normal profit to gross revenue can be used as indicators representing financial activity and profitability.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.959-972
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• 2018

Purpose: This study developed a simulation model that incorporates the uncertainty of demand and yield to obtain optimized results for supply chain coordination within environmental constraints. The objective of this study is to examine whether yield management for perishable products can achieve the goal of supply chain coordination between a single buyer and a single supplier under a variety of environmental conditions. Methods: We investigated the efficiency of a revenue-sharing contract and a wholesale price contract by considering demand and yield uncertainty, profit maximizing ratio, and success ratio. The implications for environmental variation were derived through a comparative analysis between the wholesale price contract and the revenue-sharing contract. We performed Monte Carlo simulations to give us the results of an optimized supply chain within the environments defined by the experimental factors and parameters. Results: We found that a revised revenue-sharing contracting model was more efficient than the wholesale price contract model and allowed all members of the supply chain to achieve higher profits. First, as the demand variation (${\sigma}$) increased, the profit of the total supply chain increased. Second, as the revenue-sharing ratio (${\Phi}$) increased, the profits of the manufacturer gradually decreased, while the profits of the retailer gradually increased, and this change was linear. Third, as the quality of yield increased, the profits of suppliers appear to increased. At last, success rate was expressed as the profit increased in the revenue-sharing contract compared to the profit increase in the wholesale price contract. Conclusion: The managerial implications of the simulation findings are: (1) a strategic approach to demand and yield uncertainty helps in efficient resource utilization and improved supply chain performance, (2) a revenue-sharing contract amplifies the effect of yield uncertainty, and (3) revised revenue-sharing contracts fetch more profits for both buyers and suppliers in the supply chain.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2024

Background: Korea's population of children and adolescents has decreased by 2.88 million over the past decade and is expected to decline further due to the unprecedented low birth rate. In the fee-for-service compensation system, the decline in the pediatric population relates directly to the profit decrease in the pediatric clinics. This study analyzed whether the worsening profits of pediatric clinics impacted their closure. Methods: We built annual data for pediatric and other department clinics (internal medicine, otolaryngology, and family medicine) using the status of medical institute and health insurance claims data from 2012 to 2022. Then, we analyzed whether institutional variables such as annual profit and regional variables (Herfindahl-Hirschman index, the number of clinics per 100,000, etc.) affected the closure of clinics. The methods used in this study are descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis. Odds ratios for each variable were estimated by generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results: The closure rate of pediatric clinics was 2.66%-7.04% in 2012-2022, which was consistently higher than those of internal medicine, otolaryngology, and family medicine clinics. The profit gap per institution between the pediatric and the other clinics grew from 126 million won in 2012 to 245 million won in 2019. In the GEE analysis, profit decrease compared to the previous year with lower profit was the main factor that increased the closure of pediatric and other department clinics. After adjusting profit-related variables, the decrease in the pediatric population itself did not relate to the closure of pediatric clinics. The number of pediatric clinics or monopolies also did not affect the closure of pediatric clinics. Conclusion: The worsening profit is the crucial factor for the closure of pediatric clinics, while the pediatric population is decreasing. For this reason, it is necessary to actively seek ways to maintain a stable treatment system for children and adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.13 no.22
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• pp.113-120
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• 1990

This paper is concerned with marginal analysis in the detailed estimation method. In a broad sense all estimates are marginal estimates in as much as they are concerned with creating changes from a current course of action. Only after a detailed ostinato is made can the engineering realize and exploit the advantages of marginal analysis. Marginal analysis is good tool for nonlinear break-even analysis adapted real world, and much more information and efficiency of CVP(Cost-Volumn-Profit) are provided with marginal analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2011

This study explores the CSR activities of Korean fashion corporations. A contents analysis of corporate websites was carried out to investigate the structure and function of their websites and the activity dimensions related to the CSR of Korean fashion corporations. The subjects were the Korean top 100 fashion corporations according to total sales in 2009. The findings throughout the research are as follow. First, a total of 46 corporations created the contents about CSR activities on their websites. A total of 32 of them communicated their CSR activities on the main menu at the intro page of the website. Second, the CSR activities of Korean fashion corporate were classified the 3P dimensions, profit (economic responsibilities), planet (environmental responsibility), and people (social responsibility). We found a total of 228 CSR issues for Korean fashion corporations. The issues included in the people dimension were 71.0%, planet issues 16.7%, and profit issues 12.3%. The most significant issue was the economic support responsibility to social organizations included in the people dimension.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.21-41
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• 2005

This study analyzes the Internet utilization pattern of customer by comprehensively investigating the previous studies on the behavior pattern of customer in terms of Internet business. Based on the analysis, this study develops research framework that supports strategic decision-making for resource allocation in Internet business. Such research framework would be helpful for providing the typology of Internet business model that can be specialized by each industry. As a result of the simulation analysis, it was found that the optimal resource allocation portfolio providing maximum profits to the Internet bookstore involves large-scale investment on delivery service and customer support service which are the key factors for post-purchase customer satisfaction, regardless of the growth pattern or size of Internet bookstore market. Consequently, from the above analysis, the investment ratio of resources for the profit maximization of Internet bookstore was drawn. Conclusively, based on the comprehensive examination of the results, this study provided a framework for dynamic resource allocation decision-making, and proposed a management strategy which allows consumers to shop under more favorable environment, and simultaneously enables the Internet bookstore to accomplish management objectives such as continuous growth and profit maximization.