Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
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The Influence of Insect Pollination and Artificial Pollination on Fruit Quality and Economic Profit in the 'Niitaka' Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)

화분매개곤충과 인공수분이 '신고' 배의 과실품질과 수익성에 미치는 영향

  • 이경용 (국립농업과학원 곤충산업과) ;
  • 임순희 (국립원예특작과학원 배연구소) ;
  • 서호진 (국립원예특작과학원 배연구소) ;
  • 김선영 (국립농업과학원 곤충산업과) ;
  • 윤형주 (국립농업과학원 곤충산업과)
  • Received : 2016.07.27
  • Accepted : 2016.10.27
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

We compared the fruit set and the quality of the 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) among flowers pollinated by two bee species (Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris) and pollinated artificial. The artificial pollination rate was 1.3 to 1.9 times higher than the bee pollination rate. Moreover, the artificially pollinated flowers produced fruit that was 5 to 10% higher in weight, 2 to 3% larger in size, and had a higher fruit shape index (L/D) than fruit pollinated by the bees. On economic analysis, net profit from insect pollinator was 93.5 to 97.1% of net profit from artificial pollination. Therefore, artificial pollination is more efficient than bee pollination in 'Niitaka' pear. However, regarding fruit quality and net profit, these results suggest that bee pollination can be an good alternative to artificial pollination in 'Niitaka' pear.

꽃가루가 없는 '신고' 배에서 화분매개곤충의 수분효과를 확인하기 위하여, 망실과 노지에서 꿀벌, 서양뒤영벌과 인공수분 간의 과총착과율과 수확물 특성을 비교하였다. 수분방법별 착과율을 조사한 결과, 망실에서는 인공수분이 77.1%로 서양뒤영벌보다 1.3배, 꿀벌보다 1.9배 높았다. 노지에서는 인공수분이 38.4%로 서양뒤영벌과 꿀벌보다 1.2배, 1.3배 높았다. 장소별로는 망실이 노지보다 1.3-2.2배 높은 과총착과율을 보여주었다. 화분매개곤충 별로는 서양뒤영벌이 꿀벌보다 같거나 1.5배 높은 과총착과율을 나타내었다. 수확물 특성을 조사한 결과, 인공수분이 과실 크기, 무게가 꿀벌보다 화분매개곤충보다 5-10% 정도 높고, 과형지수도 2-3% 높은 것으로 나타났다. 경제성 분석결과, 인공수분 대비 순수익지수가 서양뒤영벌은 97.0%, 꿀벌은 93.1%로 나타났다. 따라서, 화분이 나오지 않는 '신고' 배에서 인공수분이 화분매개곤충보다 더 효과적이지만, 과실품질과 경제성을 고려할 때, 인공수분을 대체할 수 있다고 생각된다.

Keywords

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