• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
• /
• pp.64-64
• /
• 2000

The contributing proportion of the increase of port productivity is more increasing concerning not only the port industry, but also all the informations of container crane which is the representative equipment by the rapid increase of the volume of freight of port. The basic of rapid service is the improvement of the productivity, the information of operation as to the productivity of crane for the quick handling within yard and especially the informations of breakdown and to handle breakdown as soon as possible has a great effect on the increase of productivity.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제31권7호
• /
• pp.605-611
• /
• 2007

In order to become a mega hub port, major ports all over the world are making every effort to enhance their productivity through efficiency of internal operation. Accordingly, in order to enhance the competitiveness of a container terminal, an automated container terminal is considered as the best alternative. An automated container terminal is using such automated handling equipment as AGV(Automated Guided Vehicles) and ATC(Automated Transfer Crane). The efficient equipment operation plays a critical role in enhancing the productivity of an automated container terminal. In an automated container terminal, the most important equipments are AGV and ATC. Each block of containers with a vertical layout is generally operating two ATCs. The two ATCs can be crossed or not at each block. In the case of operating crossover ATC, it has an advantage of high flexibility that ATC work is possible at both TP(Transfer Point) of each block. But it has also a disadvantage that the yard has to be operated at a low storage level of containers in the terminal yard. Recently, for automated container terminals, which are being prepared for opening in Korea, they plan to use uncrossed twin ATC in order to make the storage level of their yards high at a low cost. Therefore, studies have to be made in order to increase the efficiency of twin ATC system based on the flexibility that the crossover ATC system has. This research aims to suggest an operation strategy to improve efficiency of twin ATC at each storage block in a yard.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.17-29
• /
• 2010

생산성은 컨테이너를 취급하는 작업소요시간의 최소화에 의해 극대화된다. 따라서 기존에는 전산시스템의 개선을 통해 생산성 향상을 추구해왔으나 이송장비의 운영 및 이송방식의 문제점으로 인해 한계가 있었다. 즉, 대표적인 이송장비인 Y/T(Yard Tractor)는 한 번의 주행에 양하 또는 적하 작업 중 하나만 가능하기 때문에 한 번의 주행에 양하와 적하를 순차적으로 동시에 수행할 수 있다면 작업소요시간이 단축될 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 RTLS(Real Time Location System) 기반의 Multi-Cycle System을 통하여 문제점을 해결하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 RTLS기술을 활용하여 Y/T의 실시간 위치파악, GIS기술을 통한 Y/T실시간 위치표시 및 최단거리 알고리즘(다익스트라)을 터미널업무에 활용하여 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 시스템에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과, 평균치대비 절감 운전거리율은 9%가 되었고 최대치대비 절감 운전거리율은 19%가 되었음을 확인할 수 있어 결과적으로 컨테이너터미널 생산성이 극대화됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국항해학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.39-65
• /
• 1987

Since the middle of 1950's, containerization has been rapidly spread over the world in virtue of great merits providing to interensts, and the fundamental changes in port management and prot operations are resulted. As the container terminal is a complex system which is consisted of various subsystems, the treatment for improving the productivity is required in a comprehensive fashion, both in each of its parts and as an integrated system. This paper aims to make an intensive analysis of the Busan Container Terminal system, especially focusing on its subsystems such as ship operation system, storage system and transfer system. First of all, the intrinsic capacity of various subsystems is calculated and it is checked whether the current operation is being performed effectively through the formal analysis. Secondly, the suggestion is presented to improve the operation by considering the throughput that the port of Busan will have to accept in the near future. The results are as follows; 1) As the inefficiency is due to the imbalance between various subsystems at Busan terminal, transfer equipment level must be up to 31% for straddle carrier and 67% transfer crane above all. 2) The yard capacity must be increased by reducing the free dwell time of containers in order to accept the traffic volume smoothly in the near future. 3) The better way to reduce the port congestion is to change berthing rule from the FIFP to the Pre-allocated system by considering the ship arrival pattern.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집(제1권)
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 HSS 장치시스템에 대한 2가지 블록배치안(수평, 수직방향)의 효율성을 평가하는 것이다 수평배치형은 터미널의 선석방향과 평행하게 장치블록을 배열하는 형태이며, 수직배치형은 선석방향과 직교되게 블록을 배치하는 설계형태를 말한다. 이러한 장치장의 블록배치형태에 따라 야드시스템과 이송시스템의 하역성능이 달라지기 때문에 효율적인 설계가 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 HSS 장치시스템의 2가지의 블록배치안에 대해 장치용량, 생산성, 시설투자, 반출입 외부트럭의 서비스면에서 그 효율성을 상호 비교해 보았다.

• 산경연구논집
• /
• 제11권10호
• /
• pp.75-89
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The container terminal is an area that plays an important role in the country's import and export. As the volume of containers increased worldwide, competition between terminals became fiercer, and increasing the productivity of terminals became more important. Re-handling is a serious obstacle that lowers the productivity of terminal. There are two ways to reduce re-handling in the terminal yard. The first method is to load containers in terminal yards using effective carry-in algorithms that reduce re-handling. The second method is to carry out effective remarshalling. In this paper, the performance of various carry-in algorithms and various remarshalling algorithms are reviewed. Next, we try to find the most effective combination of carry-in algorithm and remarshalling algorithm. Research design, data and methodology: In this paper, we analyze the performance of the four carry-in algorithms, AP, MDF, LVF, RP and the four remarshalling algorithms, ASI, ASI+, ASO, ASO+. And after making all the combinations of carry-in algorithms and remarshalling algorithms, we compare their performance to find the best combination. To that end, many experiments are conducted with eight types of 100 bays through simulation. Results: The results of experiments showed that AP was effective among the carry-in algorithms and ASO+ was effective among remarshalling algorithms. In the case of the LVF algorithm, the effect of carrying in was bad, but it was found to be effective in finding remarshalling solution. And we could see that ASI+ and ASO+, algorithms that carry out remarshalling even if they fail to find remarshalling solution, are also more effective than ASI and ASO. And among the combinations of carry-in algorithms and remarshalling algorithms, we could see that the combination of AP algorithm and ASO+ algorithm was the most effective combination. Conclusion: We compared the performance of the carry-in algorithms and the remarshalling algorithms and the performance of their combination. Since the performance of the container yard has a significant effect on the performance of the entire container terminal, it is believed that the results of this experiment will be effective in improving the performance of the container terminal when carrying-in or when remarshalling.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the impacts of job stress and job embeddedness on presenteeism among container terminal workers. Methods: The participants were 299 workers at the S Harbor in P City. Data were collected from April 22 to June 5, 2015. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}^{\prime}s$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and logistic regression. Results: These workers on presenteeism were affected by the department of work, annual pay, and exercise of more than 30 minutes per day, revealing a statistically significant difference according to these variables. In other words, when job stress was high, job embeddedness was less, the extent of work impairment was higher, and in turn perceived productivity was lower. Work impairment was 3.11 times higher in workers with above-average job stress than those with lower job stress. Perceived productivity was 2.31 times higher in workers with above-average job embeddedness than those with lower job embeddedness. Conclusion: To reduce work impairment and increase productivity among container terminal workers, it is necessary to decrease their job stress, to increase their job embeddedness, and especially to do exercise for more than 30 minutes a day.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 및 제23회 정기총회
• /
• pp.340-341
• /
• 2007

부산항 컨테이너터미널들의 경우, 야드 장치장의 규모가 협소하며, 이로 인하여 장치장 시설 능력과 트랜스퍼크레인들의 중복 작업들이 많이 발생하고 있어 안벽에서의 컨테이너크레인의 설계 능력을 지원해주지 못하는 실정에 있다. 이는 선박의 대형화가 도래할 향후 해운 ${\cdot}$ 항만 환경의 변화에 있어 큰 문제점이 될 수 밖에 없다. 실제 이러한 야드에서의 중복 작업들이 어느 정도 발생하고 있는지와 문제점을 살펴보고자 한다. 또한 이러한 중복 작업들이 해결 될 경우 안벽에서의 선석 생산성과 컨테이너크레인의 생산성이 어느 정도 향상되는지 분석하며, 이에 대하 시사점을 제시한다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2018

Purpose - In order to gain the upper hand in competition between container terminals, efforts to improve container terminal productivity continue. Export containers arrive randomly in the container terminal and are carried in the container terminal yard according to the arrival order. On the other hand, containers are carried out of the container terminal yard in order based on container weight, not in order of arrival. Because the carry-in order and the carry-out order are different, rehandling may occur, which reduces the performance of the container terminals. In order to reduce rehandling number, containers can be moved in advance when they arrive, which is called preprocessing. This paper proposes an effective preprocessing algorithm and analyzes the factors that affect the productivity of the container terminals. It also provides a way to choose the best factors for preprocessing for a variety of situations. Research design, data, and methodology - To analyze the impact of factors affecting the performance of preprocessing algorithms presented in this paper, simulations are performed. The simulations are performed for two types of bays, 12 stacks with 8 tiers, and 8 stacks with 6 tiers. Results - The results of the factor analysis that affects the performance of the preprocessing algorithm were as follows. (1) As the LMF increased, preprocessing number increases and rehandling number decreased. (2) The LML effect was greatest when the LML changed from 0 to 1, and that the effect decreased when it changed above 1. (3) The sum of preprocessing number and rehandling number was then shown to be increased after decrease, as the LMF increased. (4) In the case of NCI, a decrease in NCI showed that the containers would become more grouped and thus the performance was improved. (5) There was a positive effect in the case of EFS. Conclusion - In this paper, preprocessing algorithm was proposed and it was possible to choose the best factors for preprocessing for a variety of situations through simulations. Further research related to this study needs to be carried out in the following topic : a study on the improvement of container performance by connecting the preprocessing with remarshalling.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.297-306
• /
• 2003

As the competition in the liner shipping industry is becoming fiercer, the shipping company is trying to find the way to keep the best competitive position by reducing the cost level as low as possible and offering the best quality of service to their customer. In order to achieve this goal, the selection of port and terminal that have the best quality of service and cost effective structure is essential for the shipping line, where they can only have a chance to save the money. In this context, the paper compares three European container terminals in order to understand the factors that have to be considered in the decision making process for the selection of terminal. And its advantages and disadvantages of each type of container terminal operation system were analyzed from the liner shipping company's point of view in terms of cost, time, flexibility, stability, hinterland connection, geographical position and terminal productivity. It is obvious that the cost factors are very important for liner shipping company to select their terminal. However, there might be even more important factors than the cost factors, such as quality of port and terminal service, mutual trust, and possibility of future development.