• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 1987

Onion extracts were tested for effects on the growth and lactic acid production of Lactobacillus bulgaricus in the medium containing mercury. The media containing mercury were added with onion extracts and inoculated with the bacterium and then incubated at $39^{\circ}$ for four days. All of the onion extracts examined increased the growth and lactic acid production of the bacterium in the medium containing mercury. At the addition of the edible portion extract of onion to the medium containing 5 ppm, 10 ppm and 20 ppm mercury, the higher the concentration of the onion extract was added, the greater the increasing effect on the growth and lactic acid production. The brown peel extract of onion increased the growth and lactic acid production of the bacterium in the medium containing mercury at all concentrations. The higher the concentration of the extract added, the more effective the increasing effect. The onion solutions of edible portion and brown peel extracted at $90^{\circ}\;to\;100^{\circ}$ showed more desirable effects than those extracted at the room temperature. Among four kinds of the onion extracts, the brown peel solution extracted at $90^{\circ}\;to\;100^{\circ}$ was the most effective in increase of the growth and lactic acid production in the medium containing mercury.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.572-581
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• 2012

In this study, we compared growth pattern, floc yield, Exo-polysaccharides (EPS) production, Poly-${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation, resistance to osmotic and acid stress in Methylobacterium strains CBMB20, CBMB27, CBMB35, and CBMB110. Modified high C:N ratio medium denoted as HCN-AMS medium was used with a C:N ratio of 30:1. The HCN-AMS medium favored increased growth in all the studied strains. All Methylobacterium strains tested positive for EPS production and showed positive fluorescence with calcoflour stain. Elevated levels of EPS production from 4.2 to 75.0% was observed in HCN-AMS medium. Accumulation of PHB in HCN-AMS medium increased by 3.8, 36.7, and 12.0% in strains CBMB27, CBMB35, and CBMB110 respectively. Among the abiotic stresses, osmotic stress-induced growth inhibition of Methylobacterium strains was found to be lowered when grown in HCN-AMS medium. Likewise, growth inhibition due to acid stress at pH 5.0 was lower for strains grown in HCN-AMS medium compared to growth in AMS medium. Enhanced survivability under stress conditions may be attributed to the high EPS and PHB production at increased carbon concentration in the growth medium.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the initiation, proliferation potential, and mass clonal production ability of a micropropagation system for banana through tissue culture. A total of 60 explants were cultured on basal media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and NAA. Banana plants regenerated on MS basal medium (control) without the addition of BAP + NAA showed a significantly (P < 0.05) lower survival rate with no signs of shoots up to the end of the experimental period. The results further revealed that the performance in MSS-XI medium was almost 89%, followed by MSS-IX and MSS-X media, both of which showed performance up to 88%. In contrast, the performance in the MSS-XVI medium was less than 60%, at the less duration of time and highly shoot induction detected at MSS-XIII medium. The maximum number of shoots (4.9) was observed in the medium supplemented with growth adjuster MSS-XI, followed by the MSS-XII medium (4.5). Surprisingly, the best performance was observed for the MSR-VII medium approximately 16 days after initiation, while the lowest performance was observed with MSR-XI (approximately 31 days). The maximum rooting percentage (98%) was observed in the MSR-V to MSR-VIII media (98%), while the minimum rooting percentage was observed in MSR-XI (approximately 45%).

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 1996

This study aims to systematize the needs of each area for computerized production management of small- and medium-sized firms and establish the basic design background of their common database. For this purpose, we surveyed the status, needs and appliable characteristics of the firms production system by the categories of industry, size and production type. On the base of these surveys the basic design concept and contents of automatic production system for small and medium-sized firms are proposed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.584-588
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• 2000

The optimum conditions for the production of an antifungal antibiotic from Bacillus sp. YJ-63 were investigated. The oprimumized medium consisted of 1.5% soluble starch, 1% tryptone and 0.5% yeast extract, and temperature and initial medium pH for production were optimal at 35$^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0, respectively. Production yield was significantly improved by shaking culture using 50 ml medium in 500 ml flasks. Under these conditions, the production of the antifungal antibiotic was growth-dependent, from 35hrs into cultivation to the stationary phase and endospore formation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1996-2004
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• 2007

In this study, the optimization of culture medium using a Sterigmatomyces elviae mutant was investigated using statistical analysis to increase the cell mass and lactosucrose ($^4G-{\beta}$-D-galactosylsucrose) production. In basal medium, the cell mass and lactosucrose production were 4.12 g/l and 140.91 g/l, respectively. However, because of the low cell mass and lactosucrose production, optimization of culture medium was carried out to increase the cell mass and lactosucrose production. Culture media were optimized by the S. elviae mutant using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite designs using RSM were utilized in this investigation. Quadratic models were obtained for cell mass and lactosucrose production. In the case of cell mass, optimal components of the medium were as follows: sucrose 1.13%, yeast extract 0.99%, bactopeptone 2.96%, and ammonium sulfate 0.40%. The predicted maximum value of cell mass was about 5.20 g/l and its experimental value was 5.08 g/l. In the case of lactosucrose production, optimal components of the medium were as follows: sucrose 0.96%, yeast extract 1.2%, bactopeptone 3.0%, and ammonium sulfate 0.48%. Then, the predicted maximum value of lactosucrose production was about 194.12 g/l and the corresponding experimental value was about 183.78 g/l. Therefore, by culturing using predicted conditions, the real cell mass and lactosucrose production increased to 23.3% and 30.42%, respectively.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2003

The effect of medium composition on the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) by Gluconacetobacter hansenii PJK was investigated. The addition of yeast extract and peptone in the medium increased the production yield (Y/sub p/s/) of BC. The amount of BC produced by G. hansenii PJK was constant if the initial pH of the medium was in the range 4.5 to 6.0. Strains from the supernatant of the culture medium produced more BC than those from inside the BC. BC production was dependent on glucose metabolism, and the addition of fructose or lactate as a carbon source converted cells to Cel/sup -/ mutants. Cel/sup -/ mutants produced by the addition of fructose or lactate to the medium caused 73% or 30% decreases in BC production, respectively. The addition of succinate, which is one of the constituents of the TCA cycle, did not affect the production of BC.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 1985

Phosphate, ammonia, glucosamine, glucose, pyruvate, succinate, fumarate, malate and acetate were examined for their ability to control the heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) production in succinate salts medium or in M9 medium. The results obtained were summerized as follows. 1. When the initial phosphate concentration was adjusted to 1.0mM, ST production was decreased to 80u/ml or less. But when the initial phosphate concentration was adjusted to 64mM or 100mM, enterotoxin production was 320u/ml. 2. When the initial ammonia concentration in the medium was adjusted to 1.0mM, no ST production and cell growth were observed. But when ammonia concentration was adjusted to 10mM, 19mM, 38mM or 76mM, enterotoxin production was 320u/ml. 3. Among carbon sources, glucosamine, glucose, pyruvate, succinate, fumarate, malate and acetate, acetate supported the highest specific production (928 unit/O.D.) of heat-stable enterotoxin. From this results, we could assume that heat-stable enterotoxin production is controlled by stringent control mechanism. 4. When the pH of the succinate salts medium was kept between 6.2 to 6.5, no heat-stable enterotoxin production was observed, but when the pH of the medium was kept between pH 6.2 to 6.5, 267 unit/O.D. of heat-stable enterotoxin was produced. 5. Glucose inhibited the heat-stable enterotoxin production and the mechanism was assumed due to its capacity to lower the pH of the medium during catabolysis and its high metabolic energy.

• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.230-238
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• 2023

Glabridin is a well-known active isoflavone found in the root of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) that possess a wide range of biological activity. Plant cells, hairy roots, and fungal endophytes cultures are the most important alternative methods for plant resources conservation and sustainable production of natural compounds, which has received much attention in recent decades. In the present study, an efficient culture condition was optimized for the biomass accumulation and glabridin production from fungal endophyte Aspergillus eucalypticola SBU-11AE isolated from licorice root. Type of culture medium, range of pH, and licorice root extract (as an elicitor) were tested. The results showed that the highest and lowest biomass production was observed on PCB medium (6.43 ± 0.32 g/l) and peptone malt (5.85 + 0.11 g/l), respectively. The medium culture PCB was produced the highest level of glabridin (7.26 ± 0.44 mg/l), while the lowest level (4.47 ± 0.02 mg/l) was obtained from the medium peptone malt. The highest biomass (8.51 ± 0.43 g/l) and glabridin (8.30 ± 0.51 mg/l) production were observed from the PCB medium adjusted with pH = 6, while the lowest value of both traits was obtained from the same medium with pH = 7. The highest production of total glabridin (10.85 ± 0.84 mg/l) was also obtained from the culture medium treated with 100 mg/l of the plant root extract. This information can be interestingly used for the commercialization of glabridin production for further industrial applications.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 1971

In solid culture of Endomycopsis fibuliger No.55, Eudomuopsis javanensis No.112 and Candida tropicalis No.340, the conditions of enzyme (protease, anylase and cellulase) production and the influence of addition of $(NH_4)_2;SO_4$ were examined, and the results obtained were as follows. 10 Wheat bran medium is found to be the best on the enzyme production in case of simple material. The optimum conditions ; are water content added 100 to 120%, temperature 25 to $80^{\circ}C$ and incubation times 2 to 3 days. 2) The cellulase production was scarely produced in the case of Endomyopsis fibuliger No.55, as well as, the amylase production was scarely producted in the case of Endomycopsis javanensis No.112 and Candida tropicalis No.340. 3) The enzyme production was remarkably increased when 5% of$(NH_4)_2;SO_4$ as inorganic nitrogen sources was admixed to wheat bran. 4) When 5% of $(NH_4)_2;SO_4$ was admixed to medium, the ratio of protein increase was 10.2 to 17.7% in wheat bran medium and 10.6 to 17.9% in sweet potato cake medium.