• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.19-23
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• 1984

A new directed product graph(DPG) is proposed from the product graph for electrical networks. By introducing the direction of an dege and the concept of a loop to product graph, it is more easy and rapid to obtain topologically the denominator of Mason's formula without relation of the sign rule and without arising terms cancelled. Also the constraints of tree selection at a given network-graph can be removed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.423-432
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• 1999

Accelerated life testing of product is commonly used to reduced test time and costs. In this papers is considered when the product is a two component system with lifetimes following the bivariate exponential distribution of Sarkar(1987) using inverse power rule model. Also we derived the maximum likelihood estimators of parameters for asymptotic normality. We compare the mean square error of the proposed estimator for the life distribution under use conditions stree through Monte Carlo simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.316-320
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• 2005

We developed Intelligent Product Search Agent based on SWRL, and this agent can search product information with knowledge(facts and rules) on the web, implement price comparison for searched products considering delivery rates. Existing keyword based product search engines is poor at searching intent products though a user has already prefect knowledge about intent produces. Furthermore if a user has insufficient knowledge, it is impossible to implement search. Also, existing price comparison shopping mall gives users comparison service considering total price(product prices, taxes, delivery rates), this service is valid to single product and has limitations of system expansion and up-dating because of not rule base but programming base. If there is appropriate knowledge on the Semantic web and this makes product information retrieval possible, above problems can be solved clearly. In this research, we developed Intelligent Product Search Agent based on SWRL that can search product information efficiently by making agent to handle facts and rules by itself.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.135-148
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• 2003

In this paper we introduce the Internet-based purchase support systems using data mining and case-based reasoning (CBR). Internet Business activity that involves the end user is undergoing a significant revolution. The ability to track users browsing behavior has brought the vendor and end customer's closer than ever before. It is now possible for a vendor to personalize his product message for individual customers at massive scale. Most of former researchers, in this research arena, used data mining techniques to pursue the customer's future behavior and to improve the frequency of repurchase. The area of data mining can be defined as efficiently discovering association rules from large collections of data. However, the basic association rule-based data mining technique was not flexible. If there were no inference rules to track the customer's future behavior, association rule-based data mining systems may not present more information. To resolve this problem, we combined association rule-based data mining with CBR mechanism. CBR is used in reasoning for customer's preference searching and training through the cases. Data mining and CBR-based hybrid purchase support mechanism can reflect both association rule-based logical inference and case-based information reuse. A Web-log data gathered in the real-world Internet shopping mall is given to illustrate the quality of the proposed systems.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.25-41
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to develop an analytic framework to code systematically the gamer's behaviour in MMO(Massively Multi-player Online) gameplay experience, to explore their gameplay as a problem solving procedure empirically. Previous studies about model human processor, content based protocol, and procedure based protocol are reviewed in order to build the outline of the analytic framework related to MMO gameplay. The specific gameplay actions and contents were derived by using concurrent protocol analysis method through the empirical experiment executed in MMORPG gameplay. Consequently, gameplay are divided into six actions : kinematics, perception, function, representation, simulation, and rule (heuristics, following, and transcedence). The analytic framework suitable for MMO gameplay was built. As a result of this study, we found three rule spaces in the problem solving domain of gameplay that are an heuristics, a following of the rule, and a transcendence of the rule. 'Heuristics' denotes the rule action that discovers the rule of game through trial-and-error. 'Following' indicates the rule action that follows the rule of game embedded in game by game designers. 'Transcendence' presents the rule action that transcends that. The new discovered rule spaces where 'Following' and 'Transcendence' actions occur and the gameplay pattern in them is provided with the key basis to determine the level design elements of MMO game, such as terrain feature, monster attribute, item, and skill et cetera. Therefore, this study is concludes with key implications to support game design to improve the quality of MMO game product.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.37
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• pp.35-59
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• 2008

In most products liability cases, the only or principal defendant is the manufacturer that designed, manufactured, and marketed the product which injured the plaintiff. In this regards, most national laws and international convention stipulates the definition of the producer. But there is no rule about the definition of the producer in China. Yet parties in the product distribution chain other than ordinary manufacturers, notably retail seller, often profit from moving products from factories to consumers and so may bear some responsibility when product hazards injure consumers. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the definition of the "producer", "seller" who is responsible for products liability claims in China. This paper will contributes to help the Korean exporters, manufacturers to build up the proper countermeasures regarding products liability in China.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2024

This paper introduces Primetals Technologies' Through-Process Optimization (TPO) Services and Through-Process Quality Control (TPQC) System, which integrate domain knowledge, software, and automation expertise to assist steel producers in achieving operational excellence. TPQC collects high-resolution process and product data from the entire production route, providing visualizations and facilitating quality assurance. It also enables the application of artificial intelligence techniques to optimize processes, accelerate steel grade development, and enhance product quality. The main objective of TPO is to grow and digitize operational know-how, increase profitability, and better meet customer needs. The paper describes the contribution of these systems to achieving operational excellence, with a focus on quality assurance. Transparent and traceable production data is used for manual and automatic quality evaluation, resulting in product quality status and guiding the product disposition process. Deviation management is supported by rule-based and AI-based assistants, along with monitoring, alarming, and reporting functions ensuring early recognition of deviations. Embedded root cause proposals and their corrective and compensatory actions facilitate decision support to maintain product quality. Quality indicators and predictive quality models further enhance the efficiency of the quality assurance process. Utilizing the quality assurance software package, TPQC acts as a "one-truth" platform for product quality key players.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.646-653
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• 2016

Outbound market is a rapidly growing global industry, and has evolved into a 11 trillion won trade. A lot of recommender systems, which are based on collaborative and content filtering, target the existing purchase log or rely on studies based on similarity of products. These researches are not highly efficient as data was not obtained in advance, and acquiring the overwhelming amount of data has been relatively slow. The characteristics of an outbound product are that it should be purchased at least twice in a year, and its pricing should be in the higher category. Since the repetitive purchase of a product is rare for the outbound market, the old recommender system which profiles the existing customers is lacking, and has some limitations. Therefore, due to the scarcity of data, we suggest an improved customer-profiling method using web usage mining, algorithm of association rule, and rule-based algorithm, for faster recommender system of outbound product.

• Proceedings of the Society of Korea Industrial and System Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.485-490
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• 2002

Demands of customers are being changed and varied. And in this circumstance, it become a main issue of management that the company should produce and sell products according to the customer demands. With these trends, each company has been concentrating effects on generalization of product development technique and distinction of service for customer. To fulfill these demands of customer, they need a concept of eCRM(Web based Customer Relationship Management), and go from soiling products and services, or gathering customer requests, up to the phase of solving customer's problem by real time or previous action. With the help of internet, the frequency and speed of the problem solving has improved greatly. In the Supply chain, The ATP(Available to Promise) function doesn't only give customers to conformation of delivery. It can be used by the core function with ATP rule that can reconcile supplies and demands on the supply chain. Therefore We can be acquire the conformation about on the due date of supplier by using the ATP function of management about real and concurrent access on the supply chain, also decide the affect about product availability due to forecasting or customer's orders through the ATP. In this paper, It consolidates the necessity on a ATP and analyzes data which is concerned of ATP. Under the these environments, defines the ATP rule that can improve the customer value and data flow related the eCRM and builds on a algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2002

Today's environment of enterprise is changing. They have to face customer' demands with the right product, the right service and supply them at the right time. And also cut down logistics and inventory cost and bring up the profit as much as they can. This means the change of putting enterprise first in importance to putting customer first importance. therefore to correspond to customer's demand, shorting lead time is becoming a essential condition. The answer to this changes of environment is supply chain management. In the Supply chain, The ATP function doesn't only give customers to conformation of delivery. It can be used by the core function with ATP rule that can reconcile supplies and demands on the supply chain. Therefore We can be acquire the conformation about on the due date of supplier by using the ATP function of management about real and concurrent access on the supply chain, also decide the affect about product availability due to forecasting or customer's orders through the ATP. In this paper, It consolidates the necessity on a CTP and analyzes data which is concerned of ATP. Under the these environments, defines the ATP rule that can improve the customer value and data flow related the LTV(Life Time Value) and builds on a algorithm.