• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.844-861
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• 2019

Over the last few years, marine environment was found to be a source of surplus natural products and microorganisms with new bioactive secondary metabolites of interest which can divulge nutritional and biological impact on the host. This study aims to assess the possible, inherent and functional probiotic properties of a novel probiotic strain Enterococcus durans F3 (E. durans F3) isolated from the gut of fresh water fish Catla catla. Parameters for evaluating and describing the probiotics described in FAD/WHO guidelines were followed. E. durans F3 demonstrated affirmative results including simulated bile, acid and gastric juice tolerance with exhibited significant bactericidal effect against pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This can be due to the enterocin produced by E. durans F3 strain, which was resolute by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel with amplification of the anticipated fragment of a structural gene; enterocin A, followed by antibiotic susceptibility assessment. Effective antioxidant potentiality against ${\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\alpha}$-picrylhydrazyl free radicals including lipase, bile salt hydrolase activity with auto-aggregation and cell surface hydrophobicity was similarly observed. Results are proving the potentiality of E. durans F3, which can also be used as probiotic starter culture in dairy industries for manufacturing new products that imparts health benefits to the host. Finding the potent and novel probiotic strains will also satisfy the current developing market demand for probiotics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1752-1760
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• 2005

In this experiment, the effects of cage density (CD) and probiotic supplementation (PS) on laying performance, metabolic profile, and egg quality in peak-producing hens were evaluated. After blocking according to the cage location, Lohman layers (n = 180, 46 wks of age) were allocated randomly to two levels of CD (540 vs. 360 $cm^2$/hen) and three levels of PS (0, 0.15, and 0.30%). Probiotic contained Enterococcus faecium culture (10${\times}$10$^9$ cfu/g). Egg production (EP) and feed consumption (FC) were measured daily; egg weight (EW) was measured bi-weekly; BW was measured before and after the experiment; and blood samples were obtained at the end of the experiment. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. Increasing CD decreased FC (125.0 vs. 120.8 g/d, p<0.0001) and FCR (1.93 vs. 1.87, p<0.0001) and did not alter EP, EW, and BW. Increasing level of PS linearly decreased FC (p<0.02) and FCR (p<0.006). Averages were 123.9, 123.2, and 121.6 g/d for FC and 1.91, 1.92, and 1.86 for FCR in hens supplemented with 0, 0.15, and 0.30% probiotic, respectively. Hens placed in high-density cages had greater serum corticosterone concentration than hens placed in normal-density cages (12.8 vs. 11.3 $\mu$g/dL, p<0.04); CD did not affect concentrations of other metabolites. Increasing level of PS linearly increased serum glucose, albumin, and creatine concentrations and quadratically increased total protein, globulin, Ca, and P concentrations. Average concentrations (mg/dL) were 260, 297, and 305 for glucose; 6.28, 8.09, and 7.58 for total protein; 1.98, 2.48, and 2.38 for albumin; 4.30, 5.62, and 5.19 for globulin; 0.40, 0.52, and 0.54 for creatine; 16.0, 16.5, and 16.3 for Ca; and 6.27, 8.14, and 7.17 for P in hens supplemented with 0, 0.15, and 0.30% probiotic, respectively. There was no effect of CD on egg quality. Increasing level of PS linearly improved yolk color (YC) and quadratically increased albumen index (AI) and Haugh unit (HU). The mean values were 9.67, 9.75, and 10.58 for YC; 8.94, 6.93, and 8.72% for AI; and 85.6, 74.9, and 82.9 for HU for hens supplemented with 0, 0.15, and 0.30% probiotic, respectively. There was also CD by PS effect on FC, EP, and serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, creatine, Ca and P concentrations. In conclusion, increased CD partially depressed laying performance and caused stress. Probiotic supplementation improved laying performance and metabolic profile. It also partially alleviated the adverse effects of stress resulting from increased caging density.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2016

전복의 면역, 생리 및 생태에 관한 기초 연구는 매우 부족하며 전복 질병에 관한 연구 또한 어류에 비하여 극히 취약한 상태이다. 외국의 경우 전복 치패에서 vibrios로 인한 피해 사례가 많이 보고되어 있으나 우리나라에서는 세균성 질병으로 인한 전복 폐사에 관한 보고가 드물다. 그러나 폐사체로부터 vibrios가 높은 빈도로 분리되고 있어 이들 Vibrio속 세균과 전복 폐사와의 관련성에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 현재 전복 양식 현장에서는 질병으로 인한 피해를 최소화하기 위해 항균제를 사용하고 있지만 치료 효과는 미미한 수준이다. 이에 대한 대책으로 probiotics에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있어 본 연구에서는 인체에 위해하지 않은 균을 분리하여 전복 probiotics로서의 개발 가능성을 알아보았다. 잘 숙성된 김치액에서 분리된 균들 중 다양한 vibrios에 대하여 항균력을 나타낸 KC16-2을 candidate probiotic 균으로 선발하였다. KC16-2는 생화학적 특성과 16S rRNA gene sequence에 근거하여 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens로 동정되었다 (B. amyloliquefaciens KC16-2). B. amyloliquefaciens KC16-2는 in vitro 실험에서 병원성 비브리오에 대하여 광범위한 생장 억제 효과를 보였으며, 온도 $15{\sim}25^{\circ}C$의 해수에서 4일까지 일정수를 유지하였으므로 겨울 이외의 기간에는 사용이 가능하다고 판단되었다. 또한 담즙에 의해 생장이 억제되었으나 시간 경과에 따라 처음 투여 농도보다 증가하는 양상이 관찰되어 담즙이 있는 곳에서도 생존 가능하다고 판단되었다. 시판 사료에 KC16-2를 혼합하여 12주간 전복에 투여하였을 때 대조구에 비해 다소 좋은 성장을 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 한편 전복에 병원성을 가진 Vibrio tubiashii의 인위감염실험에서 probiotic사료를 공급한 수조에서 폐사율을 약 50% 감소시키는 결과를 나타냄으로써 기회성 vibrios로 인한 전복의 폐사를 줄이기 위하여 KC16-2의 사용이 긍정적으로 검토될 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.792-798
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• 2006

The probiotic characteristics of a total of 137 lactic acid bacterial strains isolated from soybean paste were investigated. Among those tested, the D37 strain was selected as a probiotic bacteria due to its acid and bile tolerance, and its strong anti-cancer and antibacterial activities. The D37 strain showed highly stable viability at acidic pH for 2 hr, and was very stable in 10% bovine bile. The viability of human colon cancer HT-29 cells was inhibited more than 60% at a $200\;{\mu}/mL$ concentration of D37 cell-free culture supernatant, and the degree of inhibition was concentration-dependent. The D37 strain showed a wide range of antibacterial activities against food-borne pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157, Listeria spp., Vibrio spp., Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. According to phenotypic characteristics and the utilization of various sugars, the D37 strain was identified as Lactobacillus cellobiosus.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.297-310
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• 2020

This study aims to evaluate the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus brevis (L. brevis) KU200019 and the synergistic activity with prebiotics on antimicrobial activity, and the potential application as an adjunct culture in fermented dairy products. The commercial strain, L. brevis ATCC 14869 was used as reference strain. L. brevis KU200019 was showed higher viability in simulated gastric (99.38±0.21%) and bile (115.10±0.13%) conditions compared to reference strain. L. brevis KU200019 exhibited antimicrobial activity against various foodborne pathogens. The supplementation of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) enhanced viability of lactic acid bacteria (>8 Log CFU/mL) and antioxidant activity [2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical assay (DPPH) assay, 31.23±1.14%; 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay, 38.82±1.46%] in fermented skim milk during refrigerated storage. L. brevis KU200019 was distinguished from the reference strain by its higher probiotic potential, antimicrobial activity, and higher antioxidant activity in fermented milk. Therefore, L. brevis KU200019 with FOS was demonstrated promising properties for further application in fermented dairy products with enhanced safety and quality.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1160-1167
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the composition, pH, titratable activity, microbial properties, and antioxidant effect of yogurt using ginseng extract powder (GEP), Lactobacillus plantarum NK181, and Streptococcus thermophilus as the starter culture. Different concentration of GEP (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% (w/v)) were used in the yogurt. During yogurt fermentation, pH was decreased; however, titratable acidity and viable cell counts were increased. The addition of GEP to yogurt led to a decrease in moisture content and an increase in the fat, ash, and total solids content. The antioxidant effect using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay gradually increased with added GEP. Overall, yogurt fermented with 1% GEP was acceptable in terms of cell viability and antioxidant effect. These results might provide information regarding development of ginseng dairy products with enhanced antioxidant activities and probiotic properties.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1568-1577
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate lactic acid bacteria with antioxidative and probiotic activities isolated from Korean healthy infant feces and kimchi. Isolates A1, A2, S1, S2, and S3 were assigned to Lactobacillus sp. and isolates A3, A4, E1, E2, E3, and E4 were assigned to Leuconostoc sp. on the basis of their physiological properties and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Most strains were confirmed as safe bioresources through nonhemolytic activities and non-production of harmful enzymes such as β-glucosidase, β-glucuronidase and tryptophanase. The 11 isolates showed different resistance to acid and bile acids. In addition, they exhibited antibacterial activity against foodborne bacteria, especially Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, all strains showed significantly high levels of hydrophobicity. The antioxidant effects of culture filtrates of the 11 strains included 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, 2.2'-azino-bis (2-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity, and superoxide dismutase activity. The results revealed that most of the culture filtrates have effective scavenging activity for DPPH and ABTS radicals. All strains appeared to have effective superoxide dismutase activity. In conclusion, the isolated strains A1, A3, S1, and S3 have significant probiotic activities applicable to the development of functional foods and health-related products. These strains might also contribute to preventing and controlling several diseases associated with oxidative stress, when used as probiotics.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.155-171
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• 2020

Fermented products, including sausages, provide several health benefits, particularly when probiotics are used in the fermentation process. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity (against Caco-2 and MCF-7 cell lines), antihypertensive activity via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, antioxidant capacity, antidiabetic activity via α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, proteolysis rate, and oxidative degradation of fermented camel and beef sausages in vitro by the novel probiotic Lactococcus lactis KX881782 isolated from camel milk. Moreover, camel and beef sausages fermented with commercial starter culture alone were compared to those fermented with commercial starter culture combined with L. lactis. The degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant capacity, cytotoxicity against Caco-2 and MCF-7, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and ACE inhibitory activities were higher (p<0.05) in fermented camel sausages than beef sausages. In contrast, the water and lipid peroxidation activity were lower (p<0.05) in camel sausages than beef sausages. L. lactis enhanced the health benefits of the fermented camel sausages. These results suggest that camel sausage fermented with the novel probiotic L. lactis KX881782 could be a promising functional food that relatively provides several health benefits to consumers compared with fermented beef sausage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.746-752
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• 2002

The purpose of the present study was to examine the antagonistic activities of Enterococcus faecalis strain PL9003 (PL9003) on Helicobacter pylori. This strain was isolated from infant feces and found to inhibit both the growth of H. pylori and its in vitro adherence to the human gastric cell line MKN-45. The binding of PL9003 to MKN-45 was observed under a light microscope after Cram staining and under a scanning electron microscope. When detected with an FITC-conjugate antibody, both viable and nonviable PL9003 were found to decrease the number of H. pylori bound to MKN-45. When detected by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, about 70% of the H. pylori bound on MKN-45 disappeared with the four-1314 addition of viable or nonviable PL9003. The spent culture supernatant (SCS) of PL9003 also decreased the viability of H pylori even after neutralization and pepsin treatment. The above results suggest that PL9003 has a potential as a new probiotic for the stomach.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2006

Lactic acid-producing bacteria (LABs) are known to have various beneficial properties for health. However, they are generally considered to have an adverse effect on teeth, since they produce acid. Nonetheless, milk and cheese containing specific LAB strains were recently found to have an inhibitory effect on dental caries in children, with an inhibitory activity towards the growth of Streptococcus mutans suggested as the responsible mechanism. Accordingly, the current study selected a probiotic candidate for oral health and studied its inhibitory mechanism against dental caries. Twenty-two LAB species belonging to eleven genuses were screened for promoting bone nodule formation using direct microscopic examination. Only one isolate, Weissella kimchii strain PL9001, increased the bone nodule formation significantly. The addition of W. kimchii strain PL9001 to bone cells prepared from mouse calvaria increased the bone nodule formation, calcium accumulation, and activity of alkaline phosphatase (the osteoblastic marker). Moreover, W. kimchii strain PL9001 inhibited the invasion of Streptococcus mutans into bone cells, and an organic extract of the culture supernatant of W. kimchii strain PL9001 inhibited the growth of Strep. mutans. Therefore, the results suggest that W. kimchii strain PL9001 can be used as a preventive measure against dental caries. This is the first time that a LAB has been shown to promote bone nodule formation and prevent the invasion of Strep. mutans into bone cells.