• Title/Summary/Keyword: primary schools

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Study on the Trend Analysis and Direction of Remodeling of Public Primary Schools - Case Study of Public Primary Schools in Seoul - (공립초등학교(公立初等學校) 리모델링의 경향분석 및 방향설정에 관한 연구 - 서울시 사례 중심으로 -)

  • Yoon, Jun-Seon
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.14-22
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    • 2005
  • This study analyzed the remodeling cases of 53 public primary schools located in Seoul to grasp the trends and set the direction in remodeling public primary schools. As a result of the analysis, before the sixth Education Process major remodeling of schools was focused on increasing the number of classrooms and after the sixth Education Process public space was increased. According to development of education, frequency of remodeling is increased. But myopic remodeling works were not a surprise. It means the schools simply focused on increasing space. Therefore, the study aims to set the direction for a comprehensive and systemic remodeling plan which will serve as an opportunity to not only improve physical life of schools but also extend functional life and enhance the quality of educational environment.

A Study on the Current Situation of Vacant Primary and Middle Schools in China (중국 초·중학교의 폐교현황에 관한 연구)

  • Mou, Biao;Lee, Jong-Kuk
    • The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2013
  • Due to the population decrease and urbanization process, a new round of rural primary and middle school pattern adjustment has been implemented since 2000. When the teaching quality is improved, a series of problems also occur, including the security of students, increasing burden on farmers, especially, abundant vacant schools have been produced due to the integration of schools. These schools have a great significance for the developing China. However, due to the problems in land ownership and property right of schools, the re-application rate of these vacant schools is quite low, and then how to improve the usage rate of vacant schools by combining with the new rural construction and urbanization has been the significant problem in the current study. In this paper, the causes, processes, results achieved and existing problems of primary and middle schools, as well as the amount of vacant schools have been explored in details, and then the current situation and existing problems have been discussed, hoping to provide certain reference for the government and researchers.

A Study on the Space Planning for Unified School and Appropriate Utilization of Closed School following the Merger and Abolition of Small Schools in Rural Area (소규모학교 통폐합에 따른 통합초등학교의 공간구성 및 폐교 활용에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Hwa-Ryong;Rhew, Choon-Geun;Oh, Se-Hee;Park, So-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 2012
  • According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests the effective space planning methods for unified school and appropriate utilization alternatives for closed school following after the merger and abolition of small rural schools. In doing so, it explores the present models of merger and abolition through analysis of all sort of actual condition and the possibilities for various utilizations of the abolished schools. It proposes a classroom-operation type fused the comprehensive class and departmental class system for merged primary schools in rural area. It also suggests the re-use methods of closed school facilities for students and community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger and abolition of small schools, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

A Study on the Utilization of Facilities of Rural Abolished School (농촌 폐교의 활용방안에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Chang-Seek;Yoon, Jun-Sang
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.55-73
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    • 1999
  • Because of reduction of population in rural area, primary schools in that area are exposed to many problems and the environment of education of coral area has been deterrioration. In this situation, many cases of merger and abolition(M & A) of primary schools in rural area were reported. The abolished schools have many dysfunctional effects on the community related to them such as repulsion of residents, students' problem of adaptation, unconvenient transportation for students, disappearance of life-centered place, and parents' lower concern with schools. To solve the problems of rural abolished schools, they should be utilized as a center of community education. The aims of this study were to review the situation and problems of M & A of primary schools in rural area and to analyze the basic needs of the utilization of abolished school and to suggest for the the directions for the utilizions of facilities of rural abolished school.

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A Study on the Status quo of China's Elementary School Facilities - Focused on the process of development and Distribution - (중국 초등학교시설의 현황에 관한 연구 - 발전과정 및 분포현황을 중심으로 -)

  • Mou, Biao;Lee, Jong-Kuk
    • The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.15-24
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    • 2013
  • In order to satisfy the requirements of cultivation of talents required by the new age, Chinese primary schools have carried out reform of quality education but are still in the elementary stage of reform such as educational management, teaching approaches and so on. On the contrary, the reform of school facilities which should adapt to the thought of quality education has been not carried out yet. Therefore, under such an circumstance, this paper makes an analysis of development process, current design situation and current distribution status of facilities of primary school sand the merger of primary schools due to decrease of birth rate and urbanization and its reasons and reveals the status quo of facilities of Chinese primary schools, expecting to provide reference for the future transformation and design of school facilities and recycle of abandoned schools.

A Study on the Relationship between the Spatial Configuration and Open Education in Primary Schools (초등학교(初等學校)의 열린교육과 학습공간구성(學習空間構成)의 대응관계(對應關係)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Soo-Kyoung;Kim, Yong-Seung
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.19-27
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study is for providing the people with the objective method which estimates the various spatial configuration of primary schools in terms of teacher's screening through analyzing structural visual aspects of common classrooms and open corridors for multi-service of primary schools in Korea. In doing so, the study makes use of graphical solutions derived from the concept of 'Frame' which is one of Basil Bernstein's theories. As a case study, it deals with five primary schools designed for open-education. Throughout this investigation, it takes some numerical values of spatial characters concerned with 'Frame', and can have some conclusions about the relationship between the change of curriculum and the spatial configuration.

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Making and Using an Ecological Learning-Place in Primary Schools in Daegu (대구 지역 초등학교의 생태학습장 조성과 활용)

  • Choi, Byung-Doo;Cheong, Cheol
    • Hwankyungkyoyuk
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.89-102
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    • 2008
  • Because of the rapid industrialization and urbanization, urban dwellers are lack of opportunity to contact with nature, and hence alienated from it. In particular, primary school children who are very sensible to nature need more opportunities to learn nature by direct interactions with it. For this purpose, a movement for making and using ecological learning-place in play-ground within primary school. It has been found as a result of research on ecological learning-places in 7 primary schools in Daegu that such places, equipped with several ecological facilities, provide both pupils and local dwellers around schools with a place for ecological learning and for rest. But some of them have been left without care and hence can not be properly used, because of inappropriate site, insufficient facilities, and deficient programme for practical use. In conclusion, the paper reconfirms importance of ecological learning-place within grounds of primary school in terms of its educational, social and ecological effects, and suggests briefly some measures to encourage its construction and practical use.

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A Study on Accidents Occurred in Primary Schools and on the Experimental Test of the Safety of Building Floors (초등학교의 시설물 관련 안전사고 실태분석 및 실내바닥의 거주안전성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Choi, Soo-Kyung;Park, Chan-Joo;Kim, Soo-Gil
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.21-32
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the improvement of the slipperiness of building floors and to test the safety in accidental collision in the primary schools. To perform this purpose effectively, the actual 20,202 cases of accident on the year 2000-2009 which had been dealt by Seoul School Safety and Insurance Association were analysed in several aspects. And to test the current slipperiness and hardness of building floors, 3 primary schools whose construction year differed were examined. This study found that among the indoor accidents of 2,646 cases on the year 2000-2002, 70.7% accidents of them were caused by slipperiness. It was also found that the building floors of the primary schools could not be safe from the result of examining the slipperiness and hardness of the building floors. As the result of this study, it showed that the desirable efficient criterion of slipperiness would be more than C.S.R 0.4, and that of safety in accidental collision would be less than Gs 100G for the safety of primary school students.

Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality and Its Relation to Allergic Diseases among Children: A Case Study at a Primary School in Korea

  • Kim, Ho-Hyun;Kim, Chang-Soo;Lim, Young-Wook;Suh, Min-A;Shin, Dong-Chun
    • Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.157-165
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate allergic diseases related to allergy caused by the exposure to indoor and outdoor sources of air pollution in primary schools. The symptoms questionnaire of allergic diseases based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) was completed by the participants. The past and present status of asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and allergic conjunctivitis were investigated by providing a questionnaire to all the participating children. Questionnaires were sent to a total of 61,350 children from 438 primary schools. A total of 40,522 children responded to the questionnaire, which represents a 66.1% return rate. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), $\underline{A}$ldehydes, and Particulate Matter ($PM_{10}$) were measured and analyzed from October to December of 2006, in 82 primary schools. The final study population comprised 35,168 children with complete data which excluded incomplete questionnaire responded by 5,354 children. Based on the survey, the level of indoor air contamination did not appear to be high, but 27.2% of the schools evaluated had exceeded the $PM_{10}$ level specified by the school health guidelines ($100\;{\mu}g/m^3$). The overall mean concentration of formaldehyde was $22.07\;{\mu}g/m^3$ and 1.0% of schools (1 school) exceeded the $100\;{\mu}g/m^3$. Statistically significant relationships have been observed between indoor air quality and prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis of primary schools in Korea.

Evaluation of Measles Vaccine Effectiveness in a Community Outbreak (지역사회 유행을 통하여 평가한 홍역 예방접종의 효과)

  • Park, Byung-Chan;Park, Sue-Kyung;Cheong, Hae-Kwan
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2002
  • Objective : From an analysis of a community outbreak of measles in Youngju, Gyeongbuk, in March 2000, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of the measles vaccination and its determinants to Provide an epidemiologic basis for the establishment of a vaccination policy. Methods : Information was collected regarding the vaccinations from the health records of four primary schools and through a questionnaire surrey of the parents of students in two middle and two high schools (N=4638). Measles cases were surveyed from the patient list of each school and from case reports in the public health center. The attack rate and vaccine effectiveness of measles was evaluated by school; grade; frequency, region, and institution of vaccination. Results : The attack rate cf measles, 6.3% among the total subjects, was higher in middle school students (15.8%) than in primary (2.0%, p<0.05) and high school students (8.9%, p<0.05). The attack rate of the unvaccinated group was 4.6-fold higher than the vaccinated group in primary schools (p<0.05). Vaccine effectiveness was 83.2% among lower graders of primary schools, 34.0% among higher graders of primary schools,26.1% in middle schools, and -7.0% in high schools. In multiple logistic regression analysis, grade in school (odds ratio, 0.77; 95% CI=0.67-0.87) and frequency of vaccination (odds ratio, 0.57: 95% CI=0.37-0.58) were significant predictors of the outcome. Conclusions : We concluded that the explosive outbreak of measles in this area resulted from both inadequate vaccination coverage and secondary failure of vaccination. There was no evidence of any effect of the cold chain system on the vaccine failure.