• 환경생물
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2011

Bacterial diversity based on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences was determined for soil samples from two abandoned mine sites and the corresponding enrichment cultures using soil sample as key inoculum. Sequencing analysis of DGGE bands obtained from both the soil samples matched mostly with sequences of uncultured and newly described organisms, or organisms recently associated with the acid mine drainage environment. However, the enrichment of soil samples in ferrous sulfate and elemental sulfur media yielded sequences that were consistent with well-known iron- and sulfur-oxidizing acidophilic bacteria. Analysis of enrichment cultures of soil samples from Dalsung mine revealed abundant ${\gamma}$-$Proteobacteria$, whereas that of Gubong mine sample displayed acidophilic groups of ${\gamma}$-$Proteobacteria$, ${\alpha}$-$Proteobacteria$, $Actinobacteria$ and $Firmicutes$. Chemical elemental analysis of the mine samples indicated that the Dalsung site contained more iron and sulfate along with other toxic components as compared with those of the Gubong site. Biogeochemistry was believed to be the primary control on the acidophilic bacterial group in the enrichment samples.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 1993

The present study was conducted to investigate biochemical properties, antimicrobial drug susceptibilities and epidemiology of 71 stranins of Salmonella pullorum isolated from about 110 diseased chickens of 23 poultry farms located in Cheongjoo, Cheongweon and Koesan county, Chungbuk province, from August 1991 to March 1993. The isolates were identified as S. pullorum by serological and biochemical means. S. pullorum were mostly isolated in chicken under 3weeks of age, and also isolated in 58, 72 days and 23 weeks of age. According to breeds, most of the cultures were isolated in colored broiler chicken (14 to 23 cases), and also variously isolated in native chicken, white broiler chicken, black bone chicken and laying hen. According to organs of diseased chickens, most of the cultures were isolated in liver (37 to 71 strains), and also variously isolated in spleen, lungs, blood, heart, oviduct and brain. According to media used for primary culture from organs, most of the cultures were isolated purely with SS and BHI medium. The majority of biochemical properties of S. pullorum isolated from diseased chickens were identical to those of the standard strains, but in the properties of rhamnose, and arabinose fermentation, some isolates were negative in spite of positive in those of standard S. pullorum. All the isolates were highly susceptible to colistin, amikacin, kanamycin, gentamicin, carbenicillin, ampicillin, sulfamethxazole, cephalothin, tetracycline and piperacillin regardless of isolated years, but no susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin, vancomycin, tylosin and novobiocin.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 1980

this paper presents the findings of a study in which throat cultures was ontained from all grade of primary school surrounding Seoul area. The number and percentages of children with positive throat cultures of streptococci were 181 cases (9.4%) among 1914 cases. Group A streptococci composed 4.3% (83 cases) of betahemolytic streptococci recovered. A total of 181 strains of group A streptococci were tested for susceptibility to 21 anibiotics in vitro. The strains were almost equally sensitive to most of the individual antibiotics : all of the group A strains were uniformly susceptible to bacitracin ; 93.6% to ampicillin ; 82.3% to erythromycin. The susceptibility to colymycin to colymycin and kanamycin were not found.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.233-240
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• 1994

In this study, it was investigated whether immortalized proximal tubule cells transformed with pRSVT could survive through the numerous passages. Results were as follows: 1. The cells transfected with pRSVT formed rapidly growing, multilayered colonies within 2 weeks in a hormone defined medium. Domes were also observed in some of the cultures. 2. r-glutamyl transpeptidase activity was equivalent to that observed in primary renal proximal tubule cell cultures. 3. Transformed cells with pRSVT form tubules in matrigel following 20 passages. 4. Genomic DNA of transformants was digested with either the restriction enzyme Xba or BamH1. A band of approximately 7.5kb was detected with Xba. Three BamH1 bands were detected at approximately 15 kb, 6.5 kb, and 3 kb.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1998년도 Advances in Ginseng Research - Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ginseng -
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• pp.263-269
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• 1998

It is an established fact that most of the carcinogens implicate bay-region diol epoxides as the ultimate carcinogenic metabolites. These electrophiles react with nucleophilic sites in the cells to form abducts. It is the formation of carcinogenic-DNA adducts that is thought to initiate carcinogenesis. In our previous study we have reported chemopreventive property of Ginseng on 7,12-dimethylbenz (a)anthracene (DMBA) induced skin papillomagenesis in male Swiss albino mice. In this study we have examined the effect on formation of DMBA-DNA adducts in rat hepatocytes pretreated with ginseng. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were used. The cells wets treated with ginseng for 24 hrs and then with DMBA (iOn) for 18 hrs. Cells were then harvested, their DNA was isolated and analyzed by P)2 labelling. A significant reduction in the levels of DMBA-DNA adduces (adducts/108 nucleotides) was observed in all cultures pretreated with ginseng. The viability of cells was not affected by pre-treatment with ginseng. Our finding suggests that ginseng block or suppresses the events associated with chemical carcinogenesis by inhibiting metabolic activation of the carcinogens.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 1993

Previous results from several laboratories have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) depressed cytochrome P-450 (P-450)-dependent drug metabolism in vivo. However, there is some debate whether the action of TNFalpha is mediated by its direct effects on hepatocytes, or is indirectly mediated through the release of other mediators like IL-1 from macrophages. In the present studies, we investigated the effects of TNFalpha on P-450-dependent drug metabolizing enzyme as measured by 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 1992

Pentachlorophenol(PCP)가 대두(大豆) 및 벼 현탁배양(縣濁培養)과 과 수도체 중에서 수용성성분(水溶性成分)으로 전환(轉換)되는 것을 경시적으로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 현탁배양에서 처리한 PCP의 50%가 수용성 대사물로의 전환되는 시간은 대두의 경우 4시간, 벼는 48시간 이내였다. 수용성 대사물의 생성속도와 양은 PCP의 cell 생육 저해 정도와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 2. 식물 cell에서 PCP의 주(主) 대사과정(代謝過程)은 생육시기(生育時期) 및 약제(藥劑) 처리시간(處理時間)을 달리한 전환시험에서 얻은 수용성 대사물 및 glucose cunjugates 함량변화 조사와 conjugates가 가수분해 되는 성질로부터 glucose conjugates(${\beta}$-anomers)형성 반응(反應)임을 알 수 있었다. 3. Cell에서 glucose conjugates는 약제처리(藥劑處理) 초기 및 대수성장기 이전에 생성 속도가 매우 빨라 전체 수용성 대사물의 70% 이상이었으며, 점차 비가수분해성 극성성분(極性成分)으로 전환되었고, 일부는 배양액(培養液)으로 분필(分泌)되었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.471-476
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• 2016

To know the infection status of helminths in primary schoolchildren of southern parts of Vietnam, we performed an epidemiological study in Krong Pac district, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam. A total of 1,206 stool specimens were collected from ethnic Ede schoolchildren in 4 primary schools in 2015 and examined by the Kato-Katz technique. In addition, stool cultures were done by the Harada-Mori method to obtain hookworm larvae and then to clarify the species of hookworms infected. The results showed that the helminth infection rate was 25.0%, including 2.0% Ascaris lumbricoides, 0.33% Trichuris trichiura, and 22.8% hookworm infections. The average intensity of infection was 102.0 eggs per gram of feces (EPG) for Ascaris, 36.0 EPG for Trichuris, and 218.0 EPG for hookworms. ITS1 gene sequences of the hookworm larvae were identical with those of Necator americanus (100% homology) reported in GenBank. It has been confirmed in this study that the hookworm, N. americanus, is a dominant helminth species infected in primary schoolchildren of a southern part of Vietnam. Public health attention is needed for control of hookworm infections among schoolchildren in surveyed areas of Vietnam.

• 약학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.401-409
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• 1994

The cholinergic activity of dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng was examined both morphologically and chemically on primary cultures of chicken embryonic brain cells. When primary cultured chicken embryonic cells were treated with $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ of total dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng followed by the exposure to 10mM atropine for 48 hr, lactate dehydrogenase levels within the cells remained at 36% of untreated control values while atropine-treated controls fell to 0% lactate dehydrogenase. It was found that cholinergic activity was mainly exerted by the panaxadiol glycosides. The treatment of the cells with $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ of panaxadiol glycosides followed by the exposure to atropine, lactate dehydrogenase levels within the cells remained at 60% of untreated control values. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$, a component of panaxadiol glycosides, was found to exert the cholinergic activity keeping the lactate dehydrogenase levels within the cells at 70% of untreated control values. The cholinergic activity of ginsenoside $Rb_1$ seems to be exerted through acting on the $Ca^{2+}$ channel in cultured brain cells.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.26-29
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• 2010

Objective: Recurrent lumbar disc herniation has been reported to occur in 5% to 15% of surgically treated primary lumbar disc herniation cases. We investigated the molecular biologic characteristics of primary herniated discs and recurrent discs to see whether the recurrent discs has the similar biological features with primary herniated discs. Methods: Primary hemiated disc and recurrent disc cells were obtained by discectomy of lumbar disc patients and cells were isolated and then taken through monolayer cultures. We compared chondrogenic and osteogenic mRNA gene expression, and western blot between the two groups. Results: The mRNA gene expression of recurrent disc cells were increased 1.47* times for aggrecan, 1.38 times for type I collagen, 2.04 times for type II collagen, 1.22 times for both Sox-9 and osteocalcin, and 1.31 times for alkaline phosphatase, respectively, compared with the primary herniated lumbar disc cells (*indicates p < 0.05). Westem blot results for each aggrecan, type I collagen, type II collagen, Sox-9, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase were similar between the primary herniated disc cells and recurrent disc cells. Conclusion: These results indicate that the recurrent disc cells have similar chondrogenic and osteogenic gene expression compared to primary herniated disc cells. Therefore, we assumed that the regeneration of remaining discs could fill the previous discectomy space and also it could be one of the factors for disc recurrence especially in the molecular biologic field.