• Title/Summary/Keyword: price related behavior

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Analysis of Consumer Behavior on Using Food Label (식품표시에 대한 소비자 행동연구)

  • 이경희
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.235-248
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to search for new food labeling system that would support effective consumer decision-making, by examining consumer behavior of food labels and its' related factors. The survey was conducted on 410 housewives under 60-year-old who live in Seoul or Metropolitan area, using questionnaires and the illustrated material of labels. Respondents generally considered food labels very important as devices. Among 12 items of label which are required to disclose, they evaluated circulation period, and nutritional information. Among 12 items of label, housewives read manufacture date, circulation period, and price more often than business admission number and self standard number. The respondents preferred the format of marking both manufacture date and expiration date on the same side, the format of printing both price and weight on the same side of package, the diagramatic type, and the format represented by ration graph per daily value.

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New Marketing Strategies for Fast Fashion Brands in South Korea: An Exploration of Consumer's Purchasing Experiences

  • Kim, Eun Hee
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.629-644
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    • 2018
  • Global fast fashion brands have been popular and most of them have entered the Korean market. With their success, Korean apparel companies launched domestic fast fashion brands; however, recently they have become fiercely competitive, and consumers are demanding better design and quality and cheaper prices than before. The purpose of this study is to explore consumer purchasing behavior of the global as well as domestic fast fashion brands sold in Korea and to suggest marketing strategies for the brands sold in Korea. The study includes interviewing 61 Korean consumers to ask about their purchasing behavior and experiences. This study found four themes from these in-depth interviews: 1) demand of product glocalization which considers both globalization and localization for better style, quality, and assortment plan, 2) satisfaction with the reasonable price range of fast fashion brands but dissatisfaction with price discrimination among countries, 3) importance of easy, comfortable, and convenient accessibility to fast fashion brands, and 4) preference for good brand reputation related to corporate social responsibility(CSR) and nationality. From these four themes, this study developed the four elements of the marketing mix: product, price, accessibility, and reputation to adapt to a new marketing environment that emphasizes the development of information technology, consumer-centric marketing, and corporate ethics. The findings of this research could contribute useful information to both global and domestic fashion companies as well as consumers.

A Study on the Influences of IMF, Subjective Social Classes and Clothing Buying Behaviors (IMF 영향도와 주관적 사회계층에 따른 대학생의 의복구매행동에 관한 연구)

  • 김수경;류은정;임숙자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.22 no.8
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    • pp.990-1000
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between consumer's economic environments and clothing buying behaviors. Consumer's economical environments can be identified as the influence of IMF and subjective social classes. And clothing buying behavior can be defined such as clothing buying motives, informants, clothing selective standards, price, patronage store in terms of consumer decision making process. This study was carried out in theoretical and empirical ways. The questionnaire was administered to 375 university students living in seoul during the April, 1998. The results of empirical study were as follows; First, Consumer's individual characteristics are proven to be significantly related to the influence of IMF and subjective social classes. Second, the influence of IMF is proven to be significantly correlated to the clothing buying behavior. Third, the subjective social classes is proven to be partially related to the clothing buying behavior.

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The Behavior of Stock Prices on Ex-Dividend Day in Korea

  • Park, Cheol;Park, Soo-Cheol
    • The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.221-263
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    • 2009
  • This paper studies the behaviour of stock prices on the ex-dividend day in the Korean stock market. Since a majority of listed Korean firms are December firms whose fiscal year end in December and whose ex-dividend day falls on the same calendar day in the year, we use stock prices of Non-December firms to estimate the general stock price movements not related to cash dividends. We estimate excess returns on days around the ex-dividend day. Our major findings are (a) there is no tax clientele effect in Korea, (b) the opening price stock prices fell by the amount of the current cash dividend per share until 2001, but it does not fall as much as the current dividend per share since 2001. Furthermore, in contrast to the U.S. and the Japanese findings, (c) stocks earned negative excess returns on the ex-dividend day until 2001, after which all stocks are earning positive excess returns on the ex-dividend day, and (d) the closing stock price on the ex-dividend day that used to be even higher than the cum-dividend price until 2001 is lower than the opening stock price since 2001. The evidence suggests a structural break has happened around the year 2001.

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The Effect of Price Promotional Information about Brand on Consumer's Quality Perception: Conditioning on Pretrial Brand (품패개격촉소신식대소비자질량인지적영향(品牌价格促销信息对消费者质量认知的影响))

  • Lee, Min-Hoon;Lim, Hang-Seop
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.17-27
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    • 2009
  • Price promotion typically reduces the price for a given quantity or increases the quantity available at the same price, thereby enhancing value and creating an economic incentive to purchase. It often is used to encourage product or service trial among nonusers of products or services. Thus, it is important to understand the effects of price promotions on quality perception made by consumer who do not have prior experience with the promoted brand. However, if consumers associate a price promotion itself with inferior brand quality, the promotion may not achieve the sales increase the economic incentives otherwise might have produced. More specifically, low qualitative perception through price promotion will undercut the economic and psychological incentives and reduce the likelihood of purchase. Thus, it is important for marketers to understand how price promotional informations about a brand have impact on consumer's unfavorable quality perception of the brand. Previous literatures on the effects of price promotions on quality perception reveal inconsistent explanations. Some focused on the unfavorable effect of price promotion on consumer's perception. But others showed that price promotions didn't raise unfavorable perception on the brand. Prior researches found these inconsistent results related to the timing of the price promotion's exposure and quality evaluation relative to trial. And, whether the consumer has been experienced with the product promotions in the past or not may moderate the effects. A few studies considered differences among product categories as fundamental factors. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of price promotional informations on consumer's unfavorable quality perception under the different conditions. The author controlled the timing of the promotional exposure and varied past promotional patterns and information presenting patterns. Unlike previous researches, the author examined the effects of price promotions setting limit to pretrial situation by controlling potentially moderating effects of prior personal experience with the brand. This manipulations enable to resolve possible controversies in relation to this issue. And this manipulation is meaningful for the work sector. Price promotion is not only used to target existing consumers but also to encourage product or service trial among nonusers of products or services. Thus, it is important for marketers to understand how price promotional informations about a brand have impact on consumer's unfavorable quality perception of the brand. If consumers associate a price promotion itself with inferior quality about unused brand, the promotion may not achieve the sales increase the economic incentives otherwise might have produced. In addition, if the price promotion ends, the consumer that have purchased that certain brand will likely to display sharply decreased repurchasing behavior. Through a literature review, hypothesis 1 was set as follows to investigate the adjustive effect of past price promotion on quality perception made by consumers; The influence that price promotion of unused brand have on quality perception made by consumers will be adjusted by past price promotion activity of the brand. In other words, a price promotion of an unused brand that have not done a price promotion in the past will have a unfavorable effect on quality perception made by consumer. Hypothesis 2-1 was set as follows : When an unused brand undertakes price promotion for the first time, the information presenting pattern of price promotion will have an effect on the consumer's attribution for the cause of the price promotion. Hypothesis 2-2 was set as follows : The more consumer dispositionally attribute the cause of price promotion, the more unfavorable the quality perception made by consumer will be. Through test 1, the subjects were given a brief explanation of the product and the brand before they were provided with a $2{\times}2$ factorial design that has 4 patterns of price promotion (presence or absence of past price promotion * presence or absence of current price promotion) and the explanation describing the price promotion pattern of each cell. Then the perceived quality of imaginary brand WAVEX was evaluated in the scale of 7. The reason tennis racket was chosen is because the selected product group must have had almost no past price promotions to eliminate the influence of average frequency of promotion on the value of price promotional information as Raghubir and Corfman (1999) pointed out. Test 2 was also carried out on students of the same management faculty of test 1 with tennis racket as the product group. As with test 1, subjects with average familiarity for the product group and low familiarity for the brand was selected. Each subjects were assigned to one of the two cells representing two different information presenting patterns of price promotion of WAVEX (case where the reason behind price promotion was provided/case where the reason behind price promotion was not provided). Subjects looked at each promotional information before evaluating the perceived quality of the brand WAVEX in the scale of 7. The effect of price promotion for unfamiliar pretrial brand on consumer's perceived quality was proved to be moderated with the presence or absence of past price promotion. The consistency with past promotional behavior is important variable that makes unfavorable effect on brand evaluations get worse. If the price promotion for the brand has never been carried out before, price promotion activity may have more unfavorable effects on consumer's quality perception. Second, when the price promotion of unfamiliar pretrial brand was executed for the first time, presenting method of informations has impact on consumer's attribution for the cause of firm's promotion. And the unfavorable effect of quality perception is higher when the consumer does dispositional attribution comparing with situational attribution. Unlike the previous studies where the main focus was the absence or presence of favorable or unfavorable motivation from situational/dispositional attribution, the focus of this study was exaus ing the fact that a situational attribution can be inferred even if the consumer employs a dispositional attribution on the price promotional behavior, if the company provides a persuasive reason. Such approach, in academic perspectih sis a large significance in that it explained the anchoring and adjng ch approcedures by applying it to a non-mathematical problem unlike the previous studies where it wis ionaly explained by applying it to a mathematical problem. In other wordn, there is a highrspedency tmatispositionally attribute other's behaviors according to the fuedach aal attribution errors and when this is applied to the situation of price promotions, we can infer that consumers are likely tmatispositionally attribute the company's price promotion behaviors. Ha ever, even ueder these circumstances, the company can adjng the consumer's anchoring tmareduce the po wibiliute thdispositional attribution. Furthermore, unlike majority of previous researches on short/long-term effects of price promotion that only considered the effect of price promotions on consumer's purchasing behaviors, this research measured the effect on perceived quality, one of man elements that affects the purchasing behavior of consumers. These results carry useful implications for the work sector. A guideline of effectively providing promotional informations for a new brand can be suggested through the outcomes of this research. If the brand is to avoid false implications such as inferior quality while implementing a price promotion strategy, it must provide a clear and acceptable reasons behind the promotion. Especially it is more important for the company with no past price promotion to provide a clear reason. An inconsistent behavior can be the cause of consumer's distrust and anxiety. This is also one of the most important factor of risk of endless price wars. Price promotions without prior notice can buy doubt from consumers not market share.

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The Effect of Portal Search Intensity on Stock Price Synchronicity and Risk: Evidence from Korea (한국 포털 사이트 검색강도가 주가 동조성 및 위험에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Min-Su;Xu, Mengxia;Kwon, Hyuk-Jun
    • The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.125-141
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    • 2020
  • Recent Studies emphasize the effect of investors attention, recognition and sentiment on the trading behavior of retail investors and stock price variation. In this study, we use Naver Trend to measure investors'attention and investigate the relation between investor attention and price synchronicity, total risk and systematic risk of stocks. Using various research methodologies such as portfolio analysis, fixed effect regression and dynamic panel analysis, we find consistent results. First, stock price synchronicity is increased with lager average search volume, but with less search variability. Second, both average search volume and its variability are positively related to total risk and beta of stocks. These results can be interpreted that search volume sharply increases only when stock-related event occurs.

The Effects of Purchasing Situations and Affective Factors on Impulsive Buying Behavior in Boutiques (의복충동구매행동에 대한 점포내구매상황과 감정적 요인의 영향 -소규모 디자이너 부띠끄를 증심으로-)

  • 박은주;정영옥
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.26 no.3_4
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    • pp.379-389
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    • 2002
  • The purposes of this study were 1) to examine the conceptual structure of purchasing situations and affective states, 2) and to fine out the relationships among impulsive buying behavior, purchasing situations, and affective states in boutiques. The questionnaire was completed by 345 boutiques customers in Busan. Demographics showed that the customers were higher educated and had higher incomes than the average consumer in Busan. Data were analysed by factor analysis, and t-test. First, the purchasing situation perceived by boutiques customers consisted of five factors; Crowding, Atmosphere/service, Exhausting/salesman's attire, Display, and Price. The affective states related to the impulsive buying behavior in boutiques composed of three factors; Pleasant, Unpleasant, and Insecure. Second, the impulsive buyer perceived Exhausting/salesman's attire and the pleasant affection in stores higher than the unimpulsive buyer, and the unimpulsive buyer made higher scores than the impulsive buyer in the situation of C개wding, Atmophere/service, and the Unpleasant affection at boutiques. The results showed that impulsive buyer was influenced by purchasing situations and affective states in stores. They provided informations about impulsive buying useful to consumer behavior researchers and retailers related to boutiques.

A Study on the Relationship between Service Quality of Apparel Stores and Related Variables (의류점포의 서비스품질지각과 관련변인 연구)

  • 이영선;전지현
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.1057-1068
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to clarify service quality of apparel stores and find out related variables. The related variables are contained customer's characteristics (shopping orientation, demographic characteristics), store types and store patronage behavior in apparel store. The subjects selected for the final analysis were 363 females aged from 20 to 59 who lived in Taejon. And the data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed through factor analysis, ANOVA, cluster analysis, regression, Duncan test, Tukey test. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Services quality of apparel stores consisted of seven dimensions ; ability of salesperson, belief in policy, convenience of facility, attractiveness of physical environment, convenience of using credit cards, convenience of space movement. and apparence of salespeople. 2. Shopping orientation consisted of four dimensions; recreational shopping orientation, rational shopping orientation. convenience-oriented shopping orientation, price-conscious shopping orientation. Shopper types consisted of three dimensions ; recreational-economical type shopper, rational type shopper, convenience-oriented type shopper. Significant relationships were found out between those shopper types and service quality. Significant difference was caused by demographic characteristics(age, marital status, education, income. job) except for places of residence and service quality. 3. The significant difference was found out between store types and service quality. 4. Service quality(ability of salespeople. belief in policy, convenience of facility, convenience of using credit cards. apparence of salespeople) were influenced store patronage behavior.

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ASP 매출 변화에 관한 동태적 분석: SD 기법을 활용한 버전 차별화 전략을 중심으로

  • Kim, Sang-Jun;Lee, Jin-Su;Lee, Sang-Geun
    • 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.454-471
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    • 2008
  • This study suggests the dynamic pricing model which reveals the organic relationship between ASP (Application Service Provider) price and the related factors, using system dynamics methodology. Basically, we applied the law of supply and demand for analyzing price changes. Then, we deducted ASP price, focusing on fixed cost and variable cost. We also researched the customer's buying behavior according to version differentiation policy. In the version policy, we set up the proposition about customer's satisfaction and willingness-to-pay, using option system. As a result, this research designed the simulation model which analyzes the changes of the sales according to version differentiations and customer's willingness-to-pay. Through this research, we can find effective version differentiation strategies. This paper also found that the larger the number of package, the greater the demand and customer's willingness-to-pay. The increase of the number of package causes the increase of the sales. The increase of the sale is not exactly relative to the number of package. Drawing S-curve, the sales was increased. This dynamic pricing model suggests the ground that the ASP price changes based on the existing version differentiation theory and the demand of customers can affect the changes of the sales. We expect that this model suggests a clear standard of ASP pricing by combining real cases.

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Estimating Spot Prices of Restructured Electricity Markets in the United States (미국 전기도매시장의 전기가격 추정)

  • Yoo, Shiyong
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.417-440
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    • 2004
  • For the behavior of the wholesale spot price, a regime switching model with time-varying transition probabilities was estimated using the data from the PJM (Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland) market. By including the temperature as an explanatory variable in the transition probability equations, the threshold effect of changing regime is clearly enhanced. And hence the predictability of the price spikes was improved. This means that the model showed a very clear threshold effect, with a low probability of switching for low loads and low temperatures and a high probability for high loads and high temperatures. And temperature showed a clearer threshold effect than load does. This implies that weather-related contracts may help to hedge against the risk in the cost of buying electricity during a summer.

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