• 수산경영론집
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.41-62
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• 2007

The Fish aquacultural Industry has been developed rapidly since 1990s in Korea. The total production of fish aquaculture was 5,000ton in the beginning of 1990s, but it was an excess of 80,000ton in 2005. In the beginning of 1990s, the percentage of flatfish yield was 80% of the fish aquaculture in the respect of production. And it has been maintained 50% level in 2005. In this point of view, flatfish aquaculture played the role of leader in the development of fish aquaculture. Rapid increasing of production was not only caused to decreasing in price basically, but also it threatened the management of producer into insecure price for aquacultural flatfish. Therefore, it needs the policy for stabilizing in price, but it is difficult to choose the method because the basic study was not accomplished plentifully. This study analyzed about price structure of aquacultural flatfish. A period of analysis was from January 2000 to December 2005, and a data was used monthly data for price. The principal result of this study is substantially as follows. 1) The price of producing and consuming district is closely connected. 2) A gap between producing district price and consuming district price is decreasing recently, It seems to be correlated with outlook business of aquacultural flatfish. 3) Trend line of the price was declining until 2002, but it turned up after that. The other side, circulated fluctuation was being showed typically. 4) The circle of circulated fluctuation was growing longer, so it seems that the producer was doing a sensible productive activity to cope with changing price. As a result, government's policy needs to be turned into price policy from policy of increased production for aquacultural flatfish. It seems that the best policy is price stabilization polices. And also, government needs to invest in outlook business for aquaculture constantly.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.537-546
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• 2008

The purposes of the study was to identify customers' satisfaction factors regarding foods and services in food courts in big department stores and discount stores in Seoul and Cheonan. A survey of 235 customers was conducted regarding customer satisfaction levels and factors of food and services. Customers' perceived level of attributes were identified into eight underlying dimensions by factor analysis as follows: factor 1 was "cleanliness": factor 2 "service quality": factor 3 "accuracy": factor 4 "atomosphere": factor 5 "food quality": factor 6 "menu information": factor 7 "price" and the eighth factor was "food result". Regression analysis indicated that "cleanliness" was found to be the most important factor contributing to customers' overall satisfaction. There were significant differences in customers' perceived satisfaction level of "food quality"(p<0.01), "accuracy", and "price" factors(p<0.05) between department stores and discount store. The customers' perceived satisfaction levels of "accuracy", "food quality" and "price" factor at a large store food court are higher than those of department store food court. Comparing location of food court, there were significant differences in customers' perceived satisfaction level of "accuracy" and "price" factors between in Seoul and Cheonan(p<0.001). The customers' perceived satisfaction levels of "accuracy" and "price" at the discount store in Seoul are lower than those of food court at Cheonan. It is suggested that the management should pay attention to the sanitation of their dinning halls, kitchens, hygienic dishes, hygienic water fountain, employee hygiene, and a proper place to put used dishes to increase the customers' satisfaction.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.829-852
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• 2010

CER 유통가격은 시장의 거래가격을 모니터링 함으로써 파악할 수 있으나 CER 발행가격을 알기 위해서는 개별 청정개발체제(CDM) 사업에 대한 투자비용을 통해 직접 추정하는 방법밖에는 없다. CER 적정 발행가격을 추정하기 위해서는 실물옵션(Real Option)의 개념을 도입해야 한다. 배출권가격의 불확실성을 고려한 CDM 사업 투자의 최적 시점은 투자를 촉발하는 배출권가격의 수준으로 정의된다. 본 연구는 경제성을 고려한 CER 적정 발행가격의 수준을 분석하는 것과 발행가격을 추정하는 과정에서 도출된 가격, 물량 자료를 통해 CER 공급곡선을 추정하는 데 목적이 있다. 우선 분석모형에 배출권가격의 불확실성을 반영하여 적정 CER 가격 수준을 도출한다. CER의 적정 가격은 CDM 사업이 가능한 손익분기점 수준과, CDM 사업 투자를 1년 지연시켰을 때의 옵션가치를 고려할 경우의 손익분기점 수준으로 나누어 분석한다. 다음으로는 CDM 사업이 가능한 손익분기점을 만족하는 CER 발행가격을 가지고 공급곡선을 추정하고, 이 공급곡선 추정 식에 발행가격 수준을 대입하는 시뮬레이션 추정을 통해 공급의 가격탄력성을 계측한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.606-617
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develop a decision model that helps manufacturers and retailers determine the optimal timing of markdown in order to maximize their profit. An optimal timing decision model was developed based on three steps; conjoint measurement, scenario analysis and simulation. Data were collected from the sample of 149 out of 170 undergraduate and graduate students in Seoul in 1997. From the Jeans market, 8 brands; Levi's, lee, Guess, Calvin Klein, Pintos, Get used, MFG, and Basic, were selected as competitors for this study. In the conjoint measurement, respondents estimated the level of preference, from 1 to 100, for each item in which brand, price, style, and colors were used to explain product characteristics. Then, in order to reflect competitive situation in Jeans market, four types of scenarios were developed. In each scenario, simulations were applied to decide optimal timing of markdowns that leads to maximal profitability and sales volume. The profit was calculated based on the equation; Profit = Jean's market volume x market share of each brand - cost, where market volume was obtained by integral calculus for market utility function, and market share by logit value of part-worth from the conjoint analysis. For the purpose of the parsimony of the research, costs and the level of markdown were fixed to 30% of the regular price. In results, the optimal timing decision model identified 3 different types of brands. The brands that do not need to take markdown were Ievi's, MFG, and Basic Jeans characterized by the highest brand power and the highest price zone. The brands that needed to take early markdowns were Guess, Lee, Calvin Klein, and Get Used with the intermediate level of brand power and price. The brand that need late markdown was Pintos with the weakest brand power among the competitors and the lowest price. The optimal range of markdown remains for further research.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.133-152
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to model price formation and analyze demand structures for fishes under the restriction of Korean fisheries regulations. This study suggests the model that the price of fish is formed by its quantity, expenditure, and habit persistence. In economic literature, such a fishery market demand is called the inverse demand with dynamic habit persistence. Based upon a static differential price formation model, the paper has generalized it dynamically incorporating habit persistence effects. The empirical results show that all the species have values less than one and (-) sign of price flexibilities, thus being price inflexible. The estimated habit adjustment coefficients are significant at the level of 1%. Especially, TAC species have the smaller values of them than those of other main fish species. The contribution and results are summarized as follows. First, the fishery market demand has a strong dynamic effects from habit persistence. Second, the fishery market demand structure could be analyzed in a way different from the ordinary demand analysis, which is based upon price flexibility, scale flexibility, and cross adjustment flexibility. Third, the limitation of this paper is that it ignores the increasing stock effects by catching restrictions, thus raising consumers' benefit in the future.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.884-894
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• 2000

This study was intended to examine the effect of consumer materialism, price and point-of-purchase advertisements on consumer preference and purchasing intention with respect to discount jeans. Information for the study was obtained through the use of an experimental design which was 2$\times$[2$\times$3] mixed factorial design. The subjects were two hundred and seventy college male and female students. The data were analysed with factor analysis, ANOVA by using the SAS program. The main results were as follows: First, the results indicated that the 3-way interaction effects among materialism, price and point-of-purchase advertisements on consumer preference. Second, the results showed the 2-way interaction effects between materialism and price between materialism and price on consumers’purchasing behavior. These results indicated that materialism have not direct effect on consumers’purchasing behavior but significant influence under those condition in which price effect occurs. And different from other point-of-purchase advertisements, power words’advertisements show negative effects on consumer preference in case of low price jeans, having no connection with materialism level.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.833-843
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• 2021

This research examines the impact of audit quality on the extent to which firm-specific information is integrated with a firm's share price - which is determined inversely using stock price synchronicity. The study sample consists of non-financial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange i.e., the Jordanian Stock Market, from 2014-2018. After examining 810 firm-year observations from Jordanian industrial companies listed on the ASE, during the study period, we find that the companies using one of the BIG4 audit firms for auditing have less synchronous and more informative stock prices, suggesting high-quality audit improved governance and reduce information asymmetry between firms' insiders and investors which enhances the capitalization of firm's specific information into the stock price, thus less synchronous and more informative stock return. The findings remain consistent over 2 separate measurements of stock price synchronicity (Market and Industry model and Market Model) and show robustness for fixed effect tests. Our multivariate regression results are also robust after controlling for a number of features at the firm level with potential associations with stock price synchronicity. These include the firm size, leverage, return on assets (ROA), and market to book value (MBV).

• 융합경영연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2020

Purpose: Previous literature shows that a price promotion serves as a negative cue of product quality especially when consumers have no additional information about the product's other attributes. In this research, we explore how the effect of price promotions on consumers' perceptions of product quality changes depending on their ability to compare promoted product attributes with competitive products' attributes. Research design, data and methodology: Specifically, we use a series of scenario-based lab experiments using different types of products and explore if attribute alignability among competing products in a consumer's choice set influences consumers' ability to compare the product attributes and perceived quality. Results: Our study findings show that high attribute alignability among products makes consumers easier to compare the product attributes and thereby focus more on non-price information than price information. We also show that attribute alignability serves as a moderator and decreases perceived quality when the promotion level is higher. Therefore, the attribute alignability weakens the negative impact of a price promotion on consumers' perceived product quality. Conclusions: Our study findings provide new insights on how to implement price promotion strategies while keeping products' perceived quality, by considering the product's relationships with competing products in a choice set.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.125-151
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• 2008

기업과 소비자 간의 온라인 커뮤니케이션 활성화로 인하여 기업과 소비자 모두 제품에 대한 경험과 지식을 공유하는 온라인 고객 리뷰에 많은 관심을 기울이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 내용 분석법을 통해 온라인 소비자 리뷰들을 맥락단위로 분류하고 분류항목을 도출함으로써 채널(자사홈페이지/쇼핑몰), 제품속성(탐색재/경험재), 가격(고가/저가)에 따른 차이 분석을 시행하였다. 분류 항목의 도출은 ACSI 모델의 구성 항목들을 근간으로 실제 리뷰의 반복적 분류를 통해 이루어졌으며 총 3단계로 나누어졌다. 1단계에서는 일단 제품과 서비스로 분류하고, 2단계에서는 제품에 대해서 기능, 디자인, 가격, 구매동기, 제안/사용팁, 그리고 추천/재구매를, 그리고 서비스에 대해서 AS/업그레이드, 배송/기타제조사와 유통사 등 총 8개 분류 항목을 도출하였으며, 3단계에서는 실제 제품 리뷰 내용을 바탕으로 2단계 분류 항목의 세부항목으로 작성되었다. 분류 항목별 차이 분석 결과, 총 8개의 분류 항목에서 모두 유의한 차이점을 보였는데, 특히 채널별 차이를 보기 위해 분석한 홈페이지와 쇼핑몰에서의 리뷰 내용이 가장 두드러진 차이를 보이고 있었다. 한편, 쇼핑몰의 특성을 나타내는 가격과 배송/기타 서비스 항목을 제외하고는 맥락단위의 개수가 홈페이지에서 더 많이 나타남으로써 기업 홈페이지 상의 소비자 리뷰가 쇼핑몰 상의 소비자 리뷰보다 더욱 상세하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 제품에 대한 만족도 역시 홈페이지의 리뷰에서 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 탐색재와 경험재로 나누어 보았을 때 디자인, 구매동기, 추천/재구매, AS/업그레이드 서비스, 그리고 배송/기타 서비스 항목에서 서로간의 차이가 있었으나, 전반적인 만족도의 차이는 없었다. 또한, 가격별로 보았을 때는 디자인, 가격, AS/업그레이드 서비스에서 고가와 저가의 차이를 볼 수 있었으나 전반적인 만족도의 차이는 없었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.113-131
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• 1995

This study was conduced out to analyze the price trends of landscape woody plants during the past ten years. The method of this study was applied to secendary data analysis and the data were collected from "Government Specified Monthly Price Book" and "Monthly Price Book" The results of this study were as follows : 1. The annual average increasing rate of the GSP price was 3.9% while the KPRC price was 8.9% for the past ten years. The ratio of the KPRC price by GSP price was 94.7% in 1985 and it increased by 147.3% in 1994. This increase indicates a large price margin between two prices. The GSP price should be readjusted to a realistic level. 2. For the same period, the prices of native Korean tree were raised by 3.8% and 9.5% in annual average rate. Meanwhile, the exotic tree prices were raised by 3.6% for and 7.8% for in annual average rate. The prices of native Korean tree were raised more than those the exotic tree. 3. The annual average increasing rates of the twenty for species prices which were high ranked among all species prices were 12% for and 21.5% for . These top twenty species drove to markup trend of tree prices. 4. The annual average price increasing rate of major species which are used frequently for landscaping was higher than total increasing rate of all species. This result shows that the prices of the major species markup more than others. 5. From 1985 to 1994, the prices of 29 new species were listed on "The government specified monthly price book" and the prices of 40 species were newly listed on "Monthly price book". On the contrary, 3 species from "The government specified Monthly Book" and 10 species from "Monthly Price Book" were eliminated. The number of new listed on the native Korean species were twice as many as the exotic species. In addition, there is a need to study and explain reaon of the elimination.