• 기술사
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1991

The communication transmission engineering plays the most important role in electrical communications engineering. Recently, it has been making remarkable progress as an infrastructure supporting informationaged society. Specially, the start of television conference and service of high speed digital transmission can be said it is announcing a raising curtain of high speed broad band age. Together with high speed broad band service needs a capacity as much as several or several hundred times of telephone with one circuit, various kinds of service forms are anticipated to emerge, it is anticipated to give a big impact to the way of future communications newtork. At present, telecommunication network is transforming telephone voice information by analog technology into a flexible higher system disposable of a variety of information such as pictures or data other than telephone by the introduction of digital technology. Consequently, the development of hereafter for the following respective technologies is desired.

• 기술사
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.127-136
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• 1991

The communication transmission engineering plays the most important role in electrical communications engineering. Recently, it has been making remarkable progress as an infrastructure supporting informationaged society. Specially, the start of television conference and service of high speed digital transmission can be said it is announcing a raising curtain of high speed broad band age. Together with high speed broad band service needs a capacity as much as several or several hundred times of telephone with one circuit, various kinds of service forms are anticipated to emerge, it is anticipated to give a big impact to the way of future communications network. At present, telecommunication network is transforming telephone voice information by analog technology into a flexible higher system disposable of a variety of information such as pictures or data other than telephone by the introduction of digital technology. Consequently, the development of the hereafter for the following respective technologies is desired.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.511-517
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• 1983

For the purpose of clinical analysis of secundum atrial septal defect, the patients with atrial septal defect operated on during the period from Aug. 1959 to Aug. 1983 were analysed. The age of the patients was ranged from 3 months to 60 years and there were 132 males [45.3%] patients and 145 female patients [54.6%] in this series. The most frequent type was oval type defect in 219 [86.9%]. The PAPVC were present in 7 patients of high defect group. Clinical analysis revealed 53 patients [19.9%] were asymptomatic. The QP/QS above than 3.61 were 45 patients and less than 1.5 were 24 patients. The pulmonary artery pressure was 10 to 100 mmHg. The majority of the defects were closed in primary suture and closed with a Dacron patch in 19 patients. The postoperative complications occurred in 35 patients [13.1%] and the most frequent complication was wound problem which was present in 10 patients. The hospital mortality rate was 1.6%.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.767-772
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• 1998

schumidt hammer and ultra-sonic method are commonly used for concrete compressive strength test in a construction field. At present, various kinds of equations for estimation of strength are present, which have been used in a construction field. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between estimation strength by presentation equations and destructive strength to test specimen, and find out which is a suitable equation for this construction site. In this study, a strength test was carried out destructive test by means of core sampling. Non destructive test was conducted Schumidt hammer and ultra-sonic method, the experimental parameter were concrete age, test method and strength level. It is demonstrated that the correlation behavior of concrete strength in this study good due to the performs analysis of correlation between core strength and nondestructive strength.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.491-499
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• 1991

The present experiment was carried out 1) to study the developmental topography of GnRH neuronal system and 2) to characterize the cellular localization of GnRH neurons in the prenatal brain development of the rat. At embryonic day (I) 14.5, immunoreactive cell bodies of GnRH were first seen in the nasal septum and in the ganglion terminate located in the ventral protion of the caudal olfactory bulb. Two days later (E 16.5), GnRH-containing neurons were observed at the level of olfactory tubercle and diagonal band of Broca, which is the first appearance in the intracerebral region. From 118.5, the topographic pattern of immunoreactive GnRH perikarya was similar to that of adult rats. The present data suggest that GnRH neurons were originated from the nasal septum and gradually extended to the hvpothalamic regions with increasing fetal age.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2021

The incidence of infertility among individuals of reproductive age has been growing due to genetic and environmental factors, and considerable research efforts are focused on solving this issue. Ovarian development is an overly complex process in the body, involving the interaction between primordial germ cells and gonad somatic cells. However, follicles located in the center of the in vitro ovary are poorly formed owing to ovarian complexity, nutrient deficiency, and signaling deficiency. In the present study, we optimized methods for dissociating gonads and culture conditions for the in vitro generation of miniaturized ovaries. The gonads from embryos were dissociated into cell masses and cultured on a Transwell-COL membrane for 3-5 weeks. Approximately 12 follicles were present per in vitro ovary. We observed that miniaturized ovaries successfully matured to MII oocytes in vitro from 150 to 100 ㎛ gonad masses. This method will be useful for investigating follicle development and oocyte production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1554-1561
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• 2014

Present study analyzed the changes in peripheral blood testosterone concentrations and testicular cytogram in relation to age and semen quality in crossbred males. Three different age groups of crossbred males viz. bull calves (6 months, n = 5), young bulls (15 months, n = 5) and adult bulls (4 to 6 years, n = 8) were utilized for the study. Testicular fine needle aspiration cytology technique was used to quantify testicular cytology and their indices. Peripheral blood testosterone concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Semen samples collected from adult bulls were microscopically evaluated for quality parameters. Mean peripheral blood testosterone concentrations in bull calves, young bulls and adult bulls were $2.28{\pm}0.09ng/mL$, $1.42{\pm}0.22ng/mL$ and $5.66{\pm}1.08ng/mL$ respectively, and that in adult bulls were significantly different (p<0.01) from young bulls and bull calves. There was no significant difference between the proportion of different testicular cells in bull calves and young bulls. Between young and adult bulls, significant differences (p<0.01) were observed in the proportion of spermatocytes, spermatozoa, and sperm: Sertoli cell ratio. The proportions of Sertoli cells showed a significant difference (p<0.01) between the three age groups. The number of primary spermatocytes had a positive correlation with peripheral blood testosterone concentrations in bull calves (r = 0.719, p<0.01). Number of Sertoli cells per 100 germ cells was negatively correlated with blood testosterone concentration in young bulls (r = -0.713, p<0.01). Among different semen parameters in adult bulls, ejaculate volume (r = 0.790, p<0.05) had positive relationship, and sperm motility had significant negative correlation (r = -0.711, p<0.05) with testosterone concentrations. The number of Sertoli cells and Sertoli cell index had a positive correlation with various semen quality parameters (p<0.001). Results of the present study conclude that number of Sertoli cells and Sertoli cell index are good indicators of semen quality, but peripheral blood testosterone concentrations may not have a direct relationship with various seminal attributes in crossbred bulls.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.285-291
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• 1996

1973년 3월부터 1994년 12월까지 수술을 시행한 영아 및 소아 연령의 대동맥 교약증 157례를분석하 였다. 남아가 93명 여아가 64명 이 었고 연령은 1개 월부터 15세까지로 평균 23.8 $\pm$ 41.6개월이 었다. 영아 기의 주증상은 심부전이 었고(781113) 그 이상의 연령 에서 무증상이 빈번하였다(15/44). 단독 대동맥 교약증은 31례의 환아에서 있었고, 9례의 환아에서 심방중격결손이 있었으며(I군), 73명 의 환아에서 심실중격결손이 동반됐고(ll군), 44명의 환아에서 복잡 심기형이 있었다(III군).대동맥궁 의 형 성 부전은 17례의 환아에서 발견되었다. 수술은 71례의 환아에서 쇄골하동맥 편 성형술이 시행됐고, 단순 단단문합술이 32례, 조직편 대동맥 성형술이 26례, 확장 단단문합술이 27례, 기타 1례가 있었다, 전체 수술사망률은 17.2% (27/157)이었고, 재 협착률은 18.0% (28/157)이 었다. 수술합병증은 영아기에 서는 호흡기질환이, 그 이상의 연령 에서는 고혈압이 가장 많았다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2015

본 연구는 학령 전 어린이의 정상적인 교합력과 구순 폐쇄력을 알아보기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 3-6세의 어린이 98명을 대상으로 하였고, 60명의 성인을 대조군으로 교합력과 구순 폐쇄력을 측정하였다. 좌우측 평균 교합력은 남아에서 217.69 N, 여아에서 205.05 N이었고, 평균 구순 폐쇄력은 남아에서 4.81 N, 여아에서 4.07 N이었다. 어린이는 연령이 증가함에 따라 교합력, 구순 폐쇄력 모두 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 성별에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었다. 성인에서는 교합력과 구순 폐쇄력 모두 남성이 여성보다 유의하게 큰 값을 보였다. 교합력과 구순 폐쇄력은 연령, 신장, 체중 모두에 대해 통계학적으로 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 그리고 어린이의 교합력과 구순 폐쇄력은 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이상의 연구 결과 얻어진 정상적인 교합력 및 구순 폐쇄력은, 비정상적으로 낮은 값을 보이는 어린이를 감별하여 훈련을 통해 정상적인 성장을 유도하는데 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1976

To compare the maternal health status between women in island and land, the study was conducted to adjacent land (kukdong) and island (kyonghodong) areas in Yosoo city during April 1976. The results obtained from 174 interviewee in island and 192 in land areas were the same as follow, 1. General characteristics of both area. Age: Land, group 20-29 year of age was the largest. Island, 30-39 year of age was the largest. Education; Low educated group, less than primary grade (land 88.6%, island 93.1%), was predominant in both area. Occupation of herself; agriculture and labor was the main occupation (land 50%, island 82.2%) in both area. Occupation of husband: labor and fishery was general (81.2%) in land, and agriculture and fishery was general (81.6%) in island. Duration of residence; Land, 25.0% being resided here more than 10 years. Island, 64.3% being resided here more than 10 years. 2. Marriage, Pregnancy, and Present children. Average age at marriage; Land, 20.7 years. Island, 20.9 years. Average frequency of pregnancy; Land, 4.4 times. Island, 4.3 times. Wastage of pregnancies: Land, 236 per 1000 pregnancies. Island, 151 per 1000 pregnancies. Wastage occupied by induced abortion; land, 73.5%. island, 60.5%. Number and sex of present children; Land, 3.3 per family, sex ratio 52.4 to 47.6. Island, 3.6 per family, sex ratio 53.3 to 46.7. 3. Prenatal and postnatal care. Prenatal consutation: Land, 16.1% received by doctor or midwife. Island 9.2% received by doctor or midwife. Complications during last pregnancy; Land, 46.6% complained. Island, 51.1% complained. Return to work within 1 week after delivery; Land, 40.6%. Island, 50.6%. 4. Delivery environment Home delivery; Land, 97.4% Island, 97.3%. Delivery attdended by non medical professions at home; Land, 80.2% Island, 93.7%. Solo home delivery; Land, 13.0%, Island, 12.9%. Delivery attended by layman without taking any disinfective preparations; Land, 48.1%, Island, 49.1%. Material mainly used to cut umbilical cord at home; Land, scissors (97.4%). Island, scissora (98.8%). Cord cutting material used without giving any disinfective preparations; Land, 79.9%, Island, 84.0%. Delivery sheets used at home; Cement bag paper (land 50.0%, island, 31.3%). Vinyl sheets (land,17.5%, island, 27.6%). News paper (land, 3.2%. island, 11.7%). No sheets (land 19.5%. island, 12.9%). etc. Maternal Meal; Seaweed soup with rice was the most general in both area. (land 95.3%, island, 91.4%).