• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.139-150
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• 2000

The objectives of the current study are first, to compare and analyze the two different teaching methods of elementary mathematics in the traditional method and in the constructivists view, and, second, thereby to reveal possible problems of the present teaching practice and to suggest some guidelines to solve those problems.The results of this research are as follows: First, longer time was spent to reach the target pont of class because the class was a little bit disturbed and noisy due to a large amount of student activities in the beginning of the class in the constructive view. Second, in the class in the constructive view, the teacher should be able to respond appropriately to the situation where the students were cognitively. And the teachers sufficient preparation for the class was found essential to have the students reach the target point by themselves through identifying children`s minds. Third, the class in the constructivists view provide the teaching environment were the teacher could evaluate each students ability accurately and study progress of the class. And fourth, finally, it was not easy for the teacher to pay attention individually to each student in the current situation of large class, The effort to have more concern for students seems to contribute to opening student`s closed minds and to forming positive attitudes toward mathematics.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.595-602
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• 2001

제 7차 교육과정에 따른 과학과 학습의 핵심은 학습자의 수준에 따라 나누어 학습을 하는 것이다. 이는 수준별 심화${\cdot}$보충형 학습으로 특징지워지는데, 교육현장에서 이에 대한 대비가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 제 7차 교육과정에서 제시하는 과학과의 수준별 교육과정의 특성과 제한점을 분석하고, 수준별 학습에 적합한 학습유형을 제시하며, 이들을 토대로 제 7차 교육과정에 취지에 적합한 과학과의 학습지도안 작성 방향을 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 중학교 화학분야의 한 단원을 선정하여 수준별 심화${\cdot}$보충학습을 위한 학습지도안의 예를 제시하였다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.115-133
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• 2000

All kinds of commerces are begun from the contract and the claims are frequently raised by the problem in the contracts. Therefore, the negotiation is very important to make a contract and resolve the claim. This article analyzed the negotiation practice of Chinese in order to render help to negotiators who enter into negotiations with Chinese business people so that they can enhance their chance for success. Based on this examination on the negotiating style, this paper also provides the some guidelines in working-level negotiating with Chinese. For the purpose this study applies "global negotiation flowchart" and twelve important factors suggested by stephen & stripp to analyze the characteristics of Chinese business negotiating style. The results suggest some useful criteria for negotiators First, In the preparation, the negotiator need a thorough study about the Chinese negotiating style and counter party. Second, In the negotiation with the Chinese, making the personal relationship and, if possible, frequent contact with the person who is the most powerful negotiator in decision-making. Third, since the Chinese has a sense of value that money is very important, it is very necessary that the negotiator persuade him by mutual profits. Finally, negotiators must aim at long-term profit maximization not at short-term.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2011

국내 중소도시 KTX와의 연계교통이 부족하여 정시성 확보가 어려운 점을 고려하여 중소도시 KTX와의 연계버스를 확충하고 연계버스 이용자의 편리성과 승차감을 높이는 합리적인 버스 디자인 가이드라인과 철도교통정책을 제안한다. 이에 따라 연계버스의 합리적인 디자인을 위해 버스이용 조건과 버스시설별 디자인 고려사항 그리고 버스운행업체의 관련된 관계법규 및 제한조건을 조사 분석하여 버스 디자인 가이드라인을 정한다. 또한 연계버스 운행의 실용화가 가능토록 연계버스의 디자인 가이드라인을 적용한 실용화시스템 요소의 최적화 방법론을 제시한다. 끝으로 중소도시 KTX와 연계교통수단으로서의 버스 디자인 가이드라인과 연계버스 운행에 따른 철도교통정책을 제안한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.817-823
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• 2010

Gastrointestinal and colonic endoscopic examinations have been performed in pediatric patients in Korea for 3 decades. Endoscopic procedures are complex and may be unsafe if special concerns are not considered. Many things have to be kept in mind before, during, and after the procedure. Gastrointestinal endoscopy is one of the most frequently performed procedure in children nowadays, Since the dimension size of the endoscopy was modified for pediatric patients 15 years ago, endoscopic procedures are almost performed routinely in pediatric gastrointestinal patients. The smaller size of the scope let the physicians approach the diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures. But this is an invasive procedure, so the procedure itself may provoke an emergence state. The procedure-related complications can more easily occur in pediatric patients. Sedation-related or procedure-related respiratory, cardiovascular complications are mostly important and critical in the care. The endoscopists are required to consider diverse aspects of the procedure - patient preparation, indications and contraindications, infection controls, sedation methods, sedative medicines and the side effects of each medicine, monitoring during and after the procedure, and complications related with the procedure and medicines - to perform the procedure successfully and safely. This article presents some important guidelines and recommendations for gastrointestinal endoscopy through literature review.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2014

Learning portfolio is a collection of evidence that learning has taken place. It has gained its reputation as a useful assessment tool in the education of health professionals. The purpose of this study is to describe the pharmacy students' experiences and perceptions upon the introduction of a learning portfolio into the Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience course. Methods: Fifty five students from one pharmacy school who used a learning portfolio to document their progress in the IPPE course participated in 16-item questionnaire exploring opinions and experiences of learning portfolio preparation, assessment, and personal and professional development and reflection. Results: Most students agree that a learning portfolio is a valuable tool in promoting self-directed and reflective learning. However most of them (46/55) also feel developing a portfolio is time-consuming, and when compared to their effort, an appropriate reward has not been given. Conclusion: To make the use of learning portfolios successful students should receive clear guidelines on their purpose, content and structure. Also the assessment criteria should be provided before the introduction of learning portfolio and their effort in developing learning portfolio should be rewarded.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.530-537
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• 2015

Conceptually, the emergency is classified as an urgency and an emergency. The Urgency is not immediately life threatening, but could become so if not resolved promptly. So, it requires prompt patient care same as in the emergency situation. However, the emergency is immediately life threatening and requires immediate action, such as calling 119 and basic life support. Most medical emergencies in the dental clinic cases are urgencies. The incidence of true emergencies is approximately 1/1,000,000. Adequate managing medical urgencies are important because the chance of encountering medical emergencies in the dental clinic is high and higher these days especially because of rapidly aging Korean society. Many dentists indicate that many dentists feel difficulties to recognize and treat medical problems. This paper reviews the concept of medical emergencies and how to cope with commonly occurring urgencies in the dental clinic such as loss of consciousness, hypoglycemia, hyperventilation syndrome. The best treatment for medical urgencies and emergencies in the dental clinic is prevention. Also, it is required to make preparation for emergency situations such as CPR education for dentists and being well-acquainted with equipment and drugs for the emergency care as well as to systemic medical evaluation, patient monitoring, and sedations for controlling patient's anxiety and pain. In this paper, simple algorithms based on guidelines for common urgencies in the dental clinic are suggested. In conclusion, every dentist has competencies to do the urgency care adequately and basic life support. Also, advanced cardiac life support is strongly recommended when sedation is performed in the clinic.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2018

Although the safety management plan review system according to the Construction Technology Promotion Act for securing the safety of the construction work is a fundamental system essential for the prevention of the construction industry disaster, the necessity of its improvement has been raised because it often fails to meet the original purpose. In this study, through the analysis of the effect of the safety management plan and the problems of the operation, we suggest ways to improve it in view of the construction accident reduction and conducted surveys on the construction site through the questionnaires of the client, construction company, and construction business technology manager. In order to improve the effectiveness of this system as a result of the study, it is necessary to distribute the guidelines for the preparation of the safety management plan, manuals, etc., to simplify the contents of the safety management plan, also the step-by-step approval of the safety plan can be a solution. For this, it is necessary to revise the policy through consultation with the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs and related experts.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2010

Judgment of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases arising out of duty follows the legal judgment method for the purpose of investigation of medical causes based on the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act, with the characteristics of the occurrence as personal factors etc. act as risk factors while work-related ones as triggers, in the case of disease due to occupational cases, as whether it arose out of duty must be judged including even the individual's personal risk factors, there are limitations securing fairness even with existing laws, regulations and guidelines. This study was carried out to suggest basic data for the preparation of standardized guidances for diseases arising out of duty by reviewing the standards for the acknowledgment of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases due to occupational cases, and it has a significance in that it suggests target diseases that may be judged as cerebral and cardiovascular diseases, legal criteria for the acknowledgment and standards for the judgment of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases arising out of duty.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to provide a guide for the development of non-formal environmental educator certification system by analyzing certification systems in the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan. The following observations from reviewing environmental educator certification systems in the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan have implications for development of our own system in Korea. First, environmental educator certification systems are generally managed by cooperation of local environmental education organization association and local universities. Second, in many programs, applicants are qualified through processes including taking required curriculum and submitting portfolio or documents for reviewing of qualification. Third, in the United States, the majority of programs adopted curriculum based on ‘Guidelines for the Initial Preparation of Environmental Educator’ by NAAEE, which means the majority of programs have relatively standardized curriculum. Fourth, curriculums consist of basic skills of teaching, communication, leadership as well as contents of environmental education so that the applicants can practice more efficient environmental education when they are certified. Fifth, the certification programs utilize selected organizations' environmental education programs for training of applicants rather than establish their own programs. It contributes to the improvement of programs of organizations that applicants participated.