• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.145-152
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• 2017

In this paper, GNSS(global navigation satellite system) to monitoring the fine for the construction of structure displacement based on satellite communications signals of GNSS. At the same time on USN(ubiquitous sensor network) and proposed a new approach to precise positioning by analyzing the results. A major construction structure for the safety diagnosis and prevent disaster from the risk of collapse. Precision measurement methods to mm level GNSS in that case and experiments in the application of new technologies that can most commonly used to replace the current through the permanent. The way a GNSS baseline and tested it on to prove. As a result, at our country at precise positioning and fine displacement monitoring application virtual reference station(VRS) in a GNSS mm of a margin of error of horizontal and vertical directions can be found.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.173-189
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• 2005

Recently, Korean software industry has enjoyed fast growth, thus phenomenon drew attention to the need for more precise and standardized cost estimation system for software development. However, many obstacles exist in achieving a more precise and universally applicable cost measurement. These obstacles include : (1) the intangible nature of intellectual efforts, (2) lack of cost standards, (3) lack of quantitative yardstick to determine the potential complication, (4) lack of both cost monitoring during development and coordinating between acquisition process and cost estimation. The purpose of this study is to facilitate software development cost estimation considering acquisition process that will meet korean user's needs, and to create better models that will be cost for software development particularly for Korean environment.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2021

One of the major challenges in wireless body area networks (WBANs) is sensor fault detection. This paper reports a method for the precise identification of faulty sensors, which should help users identify true medical conditions and reduce the rate of false alarms, thereby improving the quality of services offered by WBANs. The proposed sensor fault detection (SFD) algorithm is based on Pearson correlation coefficients and simple statistical methods. The proposed method identifies strongly correlated parameters using Pearson correlation coefficients, and the proposed SFD algorithm detects faulty sensors. We validated the proposed SFD algorithm using two datasets from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care database and compared the results to those of existing methods. The time complexity of the proposed algorithm was also compared to that of existing methods. The proposed algorithm achieved high detection rates and low false alarm rates with accuracies of 97.23% and 93.99% for Dataset 1 and Dataset 2, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.4_2
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• pp.673-686
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• 2022

Recently, as the importance of eco-friendly energy has increased hydrogen gas is in the spotlight as future energy. Due to its special properties, hydrogen gas is more difficult to detect requiring more precise sensing technology. The primary objective of this study is to design a concept of an underground hydrogen pipeline monitoring system. For this, the following research works are conducted sequentially; 1)selection of core technology for conceptual design, 2)state-of-the-art review, 3)design of a concept of the system. As a result, DAS(Distributed Acoustic Sensing), and DTS(Distributed Temperature Sensing) are selected as each core technology. Furthermore, a conceptual design of an underground hydrogen pipeline monitoring system is deducted. It is expected that the impact on the eco-friendly energy industry will be enormous due to the increasing interest in using hydrogen energy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.94-98
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• 2017

Background: Intraoperative monitoring during carotid endarterectomy is crucial for cerebral protection. We investigated the results of carotid endarterectomy under dual monitoring with stump pressure and electroencephalography. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 50 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy between March 2010 and February 2016. We inserted a temporary shunt if the stump pressure was lower than 35 mm Hg or if any intraoperative change was observed on electroencephalography. Results: Seventeen (34%) patients used a temporary shunt, and the mean stump pressure was 26.8 mm Hg in the shunt group and 46.5 mm Hg in the non-shunt group. No postoperative mortality or bleeding occurred. Postoperatively, there were 3 cases (6%) of minor stroke, all of which took place in the shunt group. A comparison of the preoperative and the intraoperative characteristics of the shunt group with those of the non-shunt group revealed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: Dual monitoring with stump pressure and electroencephalography was found to be a safe and reliable monitoring method with results comparable to those obtained using single monitoring. Further study should be performed to investigate the precise role of each monitoring method.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.194-204
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop long-term storage technology for Chinese cabbage in order to extend the period of availability of freshly harvested products. The scope of the paper deals with the use of a cooler with a remote monitoring and control interface in conjunction with use of packaging film. Methods: A cooler with a real time monitoring system was designed as a low-temperature storage facility to control temperature and relative humidity (RH). The effects of storage in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic boxes, 3% chitosan dipping solution, polypropylene film (PEF) with perforations, and mesh packaging bags on physiological responses were investigated. The optimal storage temperature and humidity for 120 days were below $0.5^{\circ}C$ and 90%, respectively. Physiological and biochemical features of cabbage quality were also analyzed: weight loss, texture, and sugar salinity, chlorophyll, reducing sugar, and vitamin C contents. Results: The cooler with a remote monitoring and control interface could be operated by an HMI program. A $0.5^{\circ}C$ temperature and 90% humidity could be remotely controlled within the cooler for 120 days. Postharvest freshness of Chinese cabbages could be maintained up to 120 days depending on the packaging method and operation of the remote monitoring system. In particular, wrapping the cabbages in PEF with perforations resulted in a less than a 5% deterioration in quality. This study provides evidence for efficient performance of plastic films in minimizing post-harvest deterioration and maintaining overall quality of cabbages stored under precise low-temperature conditions with remote monitoring and a control interface. Conclusions: Packaging with a modified plastic film and storage in a precisely controlled cooler with a remote monitoring and control interface could slow down the physiological factors that cause adverse quality changes and thereby increase the shelf life of Chinese cabbage.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.41.1-41.12
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• 2020

Background: The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is a serious problem in the laying hen industry worldwide. Currently, the foremost control method for D. gallinae is the implementation of integrated pest management, the effective application of which necessitates a precise monitoring method. Objectives: The aim of the study was to propose an accurate monitoring method with a reliable protocol for caged-layer poultry farms, and to suggest an objective classification for assessing D. gallinae infestation on caged-layer poultry farms according to the number of mites collected using the developed monitoring method. Methods: We compared the numbers of mites collected from corrugated cardboard traps, regarding with length of sampling periods, sampling sites on cage, and sampling positions in farm buildings. The study also compared the mean numbers of mites collected by the developed method with the infestation levels using by the conventional monitoring methods in 37 caged-layer farm buildings. Results: The statistical validation provided the suitable monitoring method that the traps were installed for 2 days on feed boxes at 27 sampling points which included three vertical levels across nine equally divided zones of farms. Using this monitoring method, the D. gallinae infestation level can be assessed objectively on caged-layer poultry farms. Moreover, the method is more sensitive than the conventional method in detecting very small populations of mites. Conclusions: This method can be used to identify the initial stages of D. gallinae infestation in the caged-layer poultry farms, and therefore, will contribute to establishment of effective control strategies for this mite.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2023

Assessing landcreep requires long-term monitoring, because cracks and steps develop over long periods. However, long-term monitoring using wire extensometers and inclinometers is inefficient in terms of cost and management. Therefore, this study selected an area with active landcreep and evaluated the feasibility of monitoring it using imagesing from terrestrial LiDAR and drones. The results were compared with minute-by-minute data measured in the field using a wire extensometer. The comparison identified subtle differences in the accuracy of the two sets of results, but monitoring using terrestrial LiDAR and drones did generate values similar to the wire extensometer. This demonstrates the potential of basic monitoring using terrestrial LiDAR and drones, although minute-byminute field measurements are required for analyzing and predicting landcreep. In the future, precise monitoring using images will be feasible after verifying image analysis at various levels and accumulating data considering climate and accuracy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.93-93
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• 2016

Large scale integrated circuits (LSIs) has been improved by the shrinkage of the circuit dimensions. The smaller chip sizes and increase in circuit density require the miniaturization of the line-width and space between metal interconnections. Therefore, an extreme precise control of the critical dimension and pattern profile is necessary to fabricate next generation nano-electronics devices. The pattern profile control of plasma etching with an accuracy of sub-nanometer must be achieved. To realize the etching process which achieves the problem, understanding of the etching mechanism and precise control of the process based on the real-time monitoring of internal plasma parameters such as etching species density, surface temperature of substrate, etc. are very important. For instance, it is known that the etched profiles of organic low dielectric (low-k) films are sensitive to the substrate temperature and density ratio of H and N atoms in the H2/N2 plasma [1]. In this study, we introduced a feedback control of actual substrate temperature and radical density ratio monitored in real time. And then the dependence of etch rates and profiles of organic films have been evaluated based on the substrate temperatures. In this study, organic low-k films were etched by a dual frequency capacitively coupled plasma employing the mixture of H2/N2 gases. A 100-MHz power was supplied to an upper electrode for plasma generation. The Si substrate was electrostatically chucked to a lower electrode biased by supplying a 2-MHz power. To investigate the effects of H and N radical on the etching profile of organic low-k films, absolute H and N atom densities were measured by vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy [2]. Moreover, using the optical fiber-type low-coherence interferometer [3], substrate temperature has been measured in real time during etching process. From the measurement results, the temperature raised rapidly just after plasma ignition and was gradually saturated. The temporal change of substrate temperature is a crucial issue to control of surface reactions of reactive species. Therefore, by the intervals of on-off of the plasma discharge, the substrate temperature was maintained within ${\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ from the set value. As a result, the temperatures were kept within $3^{\circ}C$ during the etching process. Then, we etched organic films with line-and-space pattern using this system. The cross-sections of the organic films etched for 50 s with the substrate temperatures at $20^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ were observed by SEM. From the results, they were different in the sidewall profile. It suggests that the reactions on the sidewalls changed according to the substrate temperature. The precise substrate temperature control method with real-time temperature monitoring and intermittent plasma generation was suggested to contribute on realization of fine pattern etching.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.86-93
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• 2011

Recently, development and application of condition monitoring and diagnostic system for improvement of durability and reliability and reduction of operating cost is generalized in the aircraft propulsion system. Expecially, for reliable operation of the high altitude and a long time and condition monitoring system to identify faults and degradations of its propulsion system should be needed. This work proposed a GUI-based On-line condition monitoring program using LabVIEW by PT6A-67 turboprop engine. The proposed on-line condition program can monitor the real engine performance as well as the trend through precise comparison between performance results calculated by the base performance simulation program and measuring engine performance signals. In the development phase of this monitoring system, a signal generation module is proposed to evaluate the proposed on-line monitoring system.