• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.114-119
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• 2017

This study tried to analyze error range and resolution of drone images using a rotary wing by comparing them with field measurement results and to analyze stands patterns in actual vegetation map preparation by comparing drone images with aerial images provided by National Geographic Information Institute of Korea. A total of 11 ground control points (GCPs) were selected in the area, and coordinates of the points were identified. In the analysis of aerial images taken by a drone, error per pixel was analyzed to be 0.284 cm. Also, digital elevation model (DEM), digital surface model (DSM), and orthomosaic image were abstracted. When drone images were comparatively analyzed with coordinates of ground control points (GCPs), root mean square error (RMSE) was analyzed as 2.36, 1.37, and 5.15 m in the direction of X, Y, and Z. Because of this error, there were some differences in locations between images edited after field measurement and images edited without field measurement. Also, drone images taken in the stream and the forest and 51 and 25 cm resolution aerial images provided by the National Geographic Information Institute of Korea were compared to identify stands patterns. To have a standard to classify polygons according to each aerial image, image analysis software (eCognition) was used. As a result, it was analyzed that drone images made more precise polygons than 51 and 25 cm resolution images provided by the National Geographic Information Institute of Korea. Therefore, if we utilize drones appropriately according to characteristics of subject, we can have advantages in vegetation change survey and general monitoring survey as it can acquire detailed information and can take images continuously.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.17-27
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• 2017

Recently, civil complaints have increased due to water pollution and bad smell in rivers. Therefore, attention is focused on improving the river environment. The purpose of this study is to acquire RGB and thermal infrared images using UAV for sewage outlet and to monitor the status of stream pollution and the applicability UAV based images for river embankment maintenance plan was examined. The accuracy of the 3D model was examination by SfM(Structure from Motion) based images analysis on river embankment maintenance area. Especially, The wastewater discharged from the factory near the river was detected as an thermal infrared images and the flow of wastewater was monitored. As a result of the study, we could monitor the cause and flows of wastewater pollution by detecting temperature change caused by wastewater inflow using UAV images. In addition, UAV based a high precision 3D model (DTM, Digital Topographic Map, Orthophoto Mosaic) was produced to obtain precise DSM(Digital Surface Model) and vegetation cover information for river embankment maintenance.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 2005

Up to date, the life extension of industrial plant structures has been strongly required in the field of iron-manufacturing company, atomic or power generation company and so on. Fault monitoring, maintenance of aging structural components, safety assessment and residual life prediction may be recognized as typical and/or practical methods in terms of life extension methods. Based on the construction of damage scenario, precise analysis method and development of the risk or reliability assessment, a number of studies have been carried out in this viewpoint. In conjunction with the finite element analysis technique, a practical procedure for the safety assessment of iron-manufacturing plant structures was developed in this paper with a particular interest in furnace. By virtue of the detailed finite element analyses for blust furnace under an operational condition, the validity of the proposed procedure for safety assessment was presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.133.1-133
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• 2003

Gummy stem blight, caused by Didymella bryoniae occurs exclusively on cucurbits. This fungus has been known not to produce its pycnidium in vitro unless irradiated. Through this study, we optimized cultural conditions for mass-production of pycnidiospore by Metal Halide Lamp irradiation. In brief, the mycelial was cultured at $26^{\circ}C$ on PDA, for 2 days under the darkness, and then the plate was illuminated with MH lamp continuously for 3-4 days at $26^{\circ}C$, a great number of pycnidia was simultaneously formed. Thus produced pycnidiospores were used as immunogen. From fusions of myeloma cell (v-653) with splenocytes from immunifed mice were car ried out. And, two hybridoma cell lines that recognized the immunogen Didymella bryoniae were obtained. One Monoclonal Antibody, Db1, recognized the supernatant and the other monoclonal antibody, Db15, recognized the spore. Two clones were selected which were used to produce ascite fluid two MAb Db1 and Db15, were immunotyped and identified as IgG1 and IgG2b, respectively. Titer of MAb Db1 and MAb Db15 was measured absorbance exceeded 0.5 even at a $10^{-5}$ dilution. The MAbs reacted positively with Didymella bryoniae but none reacted with other of fungi and CMV, CGMMV Sensitivity of MAb was precise enough to detect spore concentration as low as $10^{3}$ well by indirect ELISA characterization of the MAb Db1, Db15 antigen by heat and protease treatments show that the epitope recognized by the MAb Bb1, Db15 were a glycoprotein.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2016

Purpose: The necessity for precise manipulation of bioparticles has greatly increased in the fields of bioscience, biomedical, and environmental monitoring. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is considered to be an ideal technique to manipulate bioparticles. The objective of this study is to develop a DEP microfluidic device that can trap fluorescent beads, which mimic bioparticles, at the low voltage and frequency of the sinusoidal signal supplied to the microfluidic device. Methods: A DEP microfluidic device, which is composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channels and interdigitated electrode networks, is fabricated to trap fluorescent beads. The geometry of the interdigitated electrodes is determined through computational simulation. To determine the optimum voltage and frequency of the sinusoidal signal supplied to the device, the experiments of trapping beads are conducted at various combinations of voltage and frequency. The performance of the DEP microfluidic device is evaluated by investigating the correlation between fluorescent intensities and bead concentrations. Results: The optimum ratio of the widths between the negative and positive electrodes was 1:4 ($20:80{\mu}m$) at a gap of $20{\mu}m$ between the two electrodes. The DEP electrode networks were fabricated based on this geometry and used for the bead trapping experiments. The optimum voltage and frequency of the supplied signal for trapping fluorescent beads were 15 V and 5 kHz, respectively. The fluorescent intensity of the trapped beads increased linearly as the bead concentration increased. The coefficient of determination ($R^2$) between the fluorescent intensity and the bead concentration was 0.989. Conclusions: It is concluded that the microfluidic device developed in this study is promising for trapping bioparticles, such as a cell or virus, if they are conjugated to beads, and their concentration is quantified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2006

For the electrification of the existing railways, the security of the restriction boundary of building with mechanistic stability research on the antiquated tunnel must be accomplished essentially. If the tunnel don't secure its restriction boundary of building, the reconstruction based on improvement of tunnel alignment are generated and its surveying data are required. The precise surveying was conducted with the same coordinate system for three tunnels of Youngdong tramline, and the restriction boundary of building of the straight and curve section were analyzed effectively by acquiring the data of profile and cross section, profile rail-height, rail-grade, cross tunnel height, and restriction boundary of building. This study is presented for valuation data of the stability of the electrification design to construct and analyze restriction boundary of building, which compared with the drawing and its existing design using profile and cross section. After this, it is interoperable to increase the development of real-time monitoring system on the tunnel structures.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1971-1978
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• 2011

In RFID-based cold-storage systems, product locations are recognized as the logical locations of RFID readers which are attached to the entrance of the cold rooms. However, through these methods, product locations can be incorrect in many different situations of a storage. Cold storage rooms have a huge rage in temperature, and the product in the cold-storage spoils easily. Therefore, highly precise product locations is very important for the product quality In this paper, a new approach is suggested to manage the storage location inaccuracy by adding two readers to existing forklift and attaching RFID tags to the ceiling. One reader recognizes ceiling tags to acquire location data, and the other recognizes product tags to acquire product detail data loaded on the forklift. The product can be seamlessly tracked and traced in realtime by monitoring and analyzing data gathered from these readers. Through the proposed location management method, the effectiveness of the product management in cold-storage can be improved consequently.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.296-300
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• 2004

Currently. the study on structural ceramic helps to suggest the precise data of friction and wear in accordance with the various conditions in operations. Also, the study helps to predict effective operating conditions by monitoring the occurrence of wear transition. The studies in the Past were mainly concentrated in using identical materials. However, it is highly likely to have unqualified data from the differences of mechanical and chemical properties between ceramic materials. Thus, in this study, through conducting the ball-on-disk type wear testing, the different ceramic materials has been used to consider tribological characteristics between different ceramic materials. We conducted the wear test by using three kinds of specimen which are zirconia, alumina and silicon carbide against zirconia. We have changed the sliding velocity and the loading conditions in this test and found out that there is row friction coefficient and wear rate in the combination of zirconia and silicon carbide.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.461-466
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• 2005

Despite the major advances in the microvascular surgery with success rates of up to 98%, failure and vascular complications still remain even in the experienced hands. Failure of blood to flow across an anastomosis is usually caused by three factors: (1) Technical errors; (2) Undetected damage more proximally or via vasospasm; or (3) A clot or a thrombus. The success of a microvascular surgery depends on the severity of the vascular injury and, proper debridement of an injured vessel, and the failure rate of microvascular anastomosis in cases of trauma is higher as the thrombogenic possibility is increased by the endothelial damage. From January to November in 2003, 460 patients were underwent microvascular surgery(270 replantations and 190 free flap transfers) and re-operations were performed in 15 cases. Cases were reviewed by clinical and operative records. In these cases, causes of post-operative circulation insufficiency were identified as 9 vascular spasms and 6 thromboses at the previous anastomotic site. The average of re-operative success rate was 73%(60% in replantations and 100% in free flaps). In conclusion, through precise postoperative monitoring and assessment, immediate surgical re-exploration could be performed when a vascular complication is suspicious, the success rate of microvascular surgery would be increased more.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.149-149
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• 2003

To understand environmental paths of the transport and accumulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), a single cell multimedia fate model has been constructed and evaluated. The EDCs of concern were PAHs, Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs), PCBs, Alkyl phenols, and phthalates. An evaluation model was designed for the multimedia distribution, including air, water, soil, sediment and vegetation. This model was verified using reported values and via monitoring data. Based on collected data, the distribution trends of EDCs with respect to environmental media were analyzed. Those results have applied to the model for the prediction of the spatial and temporal distribution of EDCs in Seoul. Especially, phenol compound, phthalates, PAHs, PCBs and organochlorine pesticides were estimated and the model was verified. This model was successfully conducted to environmental media, such as air (vapor and suspended particles), soils (forest soil, bare soil, and cement-concrete covered soil), water (dissolved and suspended solids), sediment, trees (deciduous and coniferous). The discrepancies between the model prediction and the measured data are approximately within or near a factor of 10 for the PAHs of three rings through that of six rings, implying that multimedia distribution of the PAHs could be predicted with a factor of 10. Concerning about the air equilibrium may be assumed, a fugacity at steady state is similar in all environmental media. Considering the uncertainties of this model, the use of equilibrium models may be sufficient for assessing chemical fates. In this study, a suggestion was made that modeling and estimation of chemicals in environmental multimedia be rigorously evaluated using the measured flux data. In addition, these data should be obtained, for example, from the precise and standardized inventory of the target chemicals. The model (EDC Seoul) will be refined in an on-going research effort and will be used to support decision-making concerning the management of EDCs.