• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.9 no.3 s.24
• /
• pp.51-69
• /
• 2000

This study tries to analyze the development of architectural technologies appeared in several tall buildings and large spatial structures from 1955 to 1999 in Korea. We suppose that these buildings represent the development of technology in Korean modern architecture. By the detailed analysis of these buildings, we can arrive at a conclusion as such; During the years 1955-1999, there existed a great changement in the eighties. We can find this fact very well in the domain of structural system and curtain wall system. In large spatial structures, the structural-system of shell and steel truss dome was replaced by that of space frame, space truss and cable truss with membrane. In tall building, the structural system of rigid frame and shear wall was replaced by tubular system, core and outrigger system. Korean architects introduced the aluminum curtain wall in the sixties, but its low technological level caused many problems in reality. Therefore, precast concrete curtain wall appeared from seventies as the main method for an outer wall in tall building. With the augmentation of height after 1980, PC curtain wall was replaced by the aluminum curtain wall of unit type and structural glass wall system. These systems help to stress the transparency in a tall building.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.661-668
• /
• 2015

Coupled shear walls are effective lateral force resisting system in which coupling beams link individual walls. For improving the energy dissipation capacity of coupling beams, diagonal reinforcement details were developed. However, it is difficult to construct diagonal reinforced coupling beams due to the congestion of reinforcement in the beam. For resolving the problem, this study developed precast coupling beams with bundled diagonal reinforcement. To reduce the reinforcement congestion, bundled diagonal reinforcement were placed in the coupling beam. To evaluate the cyclic performance of coupling beams with bundled diagonal reinforcement, experimental test were conducted. For this purpose, two slender specimens with an aspect ratio of 3.5 were made and tested. It was observed that the cyclic performance of the coupling beam with bundled diagonal reinforcement was similar with that of the coupling beam with normal diagonal reinforcement placed according to design code to ACI 318-11.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.345-349
• /
• 2019

In Korea, the mountainous area occupies more than 70% of the whole country, cutting of earth slope that cuts a part of the ground surface is widely used when building infrastructures such as road, railroad, and industrial complex construction. In recent years, regulations on environmental damage have become more strict, and various methods have been developed and applied. Among them, Concrete-Panel Retaining Wall technique is actively applied. Concrete-Panel Retaining Wall is a method to resist horizontal earth pressure by forming a wall by attaching a precast retaining wall to the front of the support material and increasing the shear strength of the disk through reinforcement of the support material. Soil nailing, earth bolt, and ground anchor are used as support material. Among them, ground anchor is a more aggressive reinforcement type that introduces tensile load in advance to the steel wire, and a large concentrated load acts on the front panel. This concentrated load is a factor that creates cracks in the concrete panel and reduces the durability of the retaining wall itself. In this study, steel pipe sleeves and reinforcements were purchased at the anchorage of the panel to prevent cracks, and by applying bumpy shear keys to the end of the panel, the weakness of the individual behavior of the existing grout anchors was improved. The problem of degraded landscape by exposure to front concrete of retaining wall and protrusion of anchorage was solved by the production of natural stone patterns and the construction of sections that do not protrude the anchorage. In order to verify the effectiveness of anti-crack sleeves and reinforcements used in the null, indoor testing and three-dimensional numerical analysis have been performed, and the use of steel pipe sleeves and reinforcements has demonstrated the overall strength increase and crack suppression effect of panels.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.23-36
• /
• 2008

Soil nailing system can be mentioned to a method of supporting as the shear strength of in-situ soils is increased by passive inclusions. In the general soil nailing system, facing walls are used in two kind of a lattice concrete block or a cast in placed concrete wall. A case of lattice concrete blocks is used in slow slopes greater than 1(V):0.7(H). Also, a case of a cast in placed concrete wall is used in steep slopes less than 1(V):0.5(H). The cast in placed concrete walls are constructed to 30 cm thick together with a shotcrete facing. In this study, the assembling soil nailing method as a new soil nailing system will be proposed. This method is assembly construction using precast concrete panels with 20 cm thick. So, the ability of construction and the quality of facings can be improved more than a conventional soil nailing system. This method can be obtained the effects that a global slope stability increase, as precast concrete panels are immediately put on cutting face after excavating a slope. In this study, confining effects of concrete panels using the assembling soil nailing system were found out by large scaled load tests. In the tests, the load-settlement relationship to an assembling soil nailing system due to the stiff facings as concrete panels appeared to be better than a typical soil nailing system with shotcrete facings.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 2014

Diagonal reinforced coupling beam of coupled shear walls can provide sufficient strength and stiffness to resist lateral force. However, the reinforcement details for coupling beams required by ACI 318 (2011) are difficult to construct because of the reinforcement congestion and confined interior area. This study presents experimental results about the seismic performance of coupling beams having bundled diagonal reinforcement to improve the workability. Experiments were conducted using half scaled precast coupling beams having an aspect ratio of 2.0. It was observed that the bundled diagonal reinforced coupling beams can develop seismic performance similar to the coupling beams with requirement details specified in ACI 318 (2011).

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.140-148
• /
• 2012

Recently there are many attempts to introduce PC construction method in buildings. But the study on PC structural wall has been made progress so slowly because it is very difficult to develop new items. In this study, we have developed new vertical joint on PC wall in order to upgrade constructivity and structural performance of the existing connections, then we have evaluated the seismic resistance performance. As a result of the cyclic loading tests for two specimens, proposed vertical joint on PC wall has shown that it behave the excellent structural performance in comparison to PC wall having no joint. Therefore, we think that proposed vertical joint is the system to apply buliding structure.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2000

The objective of this paper is to propose an analysis technique to predict the behavior of PC wall structures subjected to cyclic load. While PC wall panel is idealized by finite elements, the joints at which PC walls are connected each other are idealized by nonlinear spring elements. Axial and shear spring elements are developed for simulating shear, compression and tension behaviors of joints. The strength and stiffness of each spring elements we presented from the previous research results and incorporated into the computer program of DRAIN-2DX. The proposed analysis technique is evaluated by analyzing specimens previously tested and comparing with those. On the strength, stiffness, energy dissipation and lateral drift, analytical results show good agreements with test results. This means the proposed technique is effective to predict the response of the PC wall structures.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.549-556
• /
• 2009

This research analyzed the structural efficiency and application by improving the 100 mm width vertical joint to 150 mm and developing three connection methods to reduce the difficulty in assembling and handling PC walls. Moreover, nonlinear finite analysis was used for analyzing. From the analysis results, when double width connection was applied, the PC wall showed larger load capacity and ductility due to the steel bar sharing loads efficiently. Moreover, as the dimension of loops and the number of bars increased, the maximum load capacity increased as well. Also, among the double width connections, the largest capacity showed in the order of welding, ring and C type loop. However, in case of welding type loop connection, the ring type loop is more stable due to changes in different site conditions. Therefore, thorough quality control of welding is necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.327-335
• /
• 2009

In the seismic region, non-ductile structures often form soft story and exhibit brittle collapse. However, structure demolition and new structure construction strategies have serious problems, as construction waste, environmental pollution and popular complain. And these methods can be uneconomical. Therefore, to satisfy seismic performance, so many seismic retrofit methods have been investigated. There are some retrofit methods as infill walls, steel brace, continuous walls, buttress, wing walls, jacketing of column or beam. Among them, the infilled frames exhibit complex behavior as follows: flexible frames experiment large deflection and rotations at the joints, and infilled shear walls fail mainly in shear at relatively small displacements. Therefore, the combined action of the composite system differs significantly from that of the frame or wall alone. Purpose of research is evaluation on the seismic performance of infill walls, and improvement concept of this paper is use of SHCCs (strain-hardening cementitious composites) to absorb damage energy effectively. The experimental investigation consisted of cyclic loading tests on 1/3-scale models of infill walls. The experimental results, as expected, show that the multiple crack pattern, strength, and energy dissipation capacity are superior for SHCC infill wall due to bridging of fibers and stress redistribution in cement matrix.