• Title/Summary/Keyword: power budget

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A Study on the Influence of Fire Service Budget for Fire Service Force (소방예산이 소방력에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jin-Dong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2008
  • Because the fire service demands are increasing and forms are diversified, the first thing you must do is to make up the fire service budget to keep fire service power sufficiently. Such budget allocation leads to supply enough fire service people want and results in social welfare satisfaction. If the budget of fire service is not enough to meet with its power, sufficient security of the fire fighters would be impossible. Also, when the urgent disasters occur, the government cannot cope with them effectively. In fact, loss of many lives and properties took place in some cities and kuns because of that. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of fire service budget for fire service force. To do this, this study reviews fire service budget, fire service force. And this study sets up three hypotheses based on the theoretical backgrounds and the past research. The statistical method used for the verification of hypotheses is multiple regression analysis. The analysis showed that fire service budget per head variable was positive significant, fire service budget ratio variable was not significant. Also, public facilities tax variable was negative significant. Therefore, the analysis showed that public facilities tax couldn't fill the role as a earmarked tax.

Cell Interference Analysis and Link Budget for Output Power of Base Station in KOREA Environment of Digital MMDS (디지털 MMDS 방식의 국내환경에서 기지국 송신출력에 따른 링크버짓 및 셀 간섭 분석)

  • Cho, Byung-Lok
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.9C no.3
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    • pp.439-444
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, we present both the link budget analysis according to system parameters and the cell coverage according to transmitter power and modulation scheme of digital MMDS among the wireless CATV system methods which is bated on the wireless internet service. Also, in this paper, we present C/I and number of subscriber according to splitting cell. In this paper, the cell coverage of which obtain the results according to both transmitter power from 0dBW to -9dBW and modulation scheme of QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM based on link budget was analysis for system parameter of digital MMDS was able to provide from maximum 134km to minimum 4.3km. Also, in this paper, the number of subscriber of which obtain the results according to polarization wave, frequency of frequency reuse and C/I in 4. 6 and 8 sectors was able to provide from maximum 5,200DSI to minimum 1,300DSI.

Induced Production Analysis for Photovoltaic Power Generation Equipment in Korea using Input-Output Table 2009 (산업연관표 2009를 이용한 태양광발전설비산업의 생산유발효과분석)

  • Kim, Yoon-Kyung
    • New & Renewable Energy
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.8-17
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    • 2012
  • The Korean government pushed ahead various policies to disseminate photovoltaic (PV), wind power, small hydro, bio-fuel, etc. Renewable energy system (RES) budget of the Korean government increased from 118 billion won of 2003 to 876.6 billion won of 2010. The R&D budgetary supports for RES increased by 6.8 times in the period 2003-2010. It is necessary to confirm RES budget expenditure that renewable energy promotion policy makes good performance evaluated in quantity level. This paper made Input-Output Table 2009 contains photovoltaic power generation equipment industry as a dependent sector and analyzed induced production effect by demand of photovoltaic power generation equipment industry. From the empirical analysis result, additional demand in photovoltaic power generation equipment induced 1.932 times of induced production in Korea. Each of industry sector has positive induced production from the additional demand in photovoltaic power generation equipment. Renewable energy promotion in photovoltaic power generation is considered together with industry policy as the option to sustain economic growth.

Localization of the Rural Development Policy (농촌지역 개발정책의 지방화 방향)

  • Choi, Chan-Ho
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.57-72
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    • 1997
  • Korean agriculture and rural sector has undergone a wide range of reform after the Uruguay Round. Major policy measure is to put finances of huge budget from tax payers since 1994 in preparation of the Rural Development Strategy and Reform Program. Both in the total amount and individual size of the subsidy and loan for eligible farmers and farmers group are large and drastically enormous than any other programs in the past. The strategy adopted was a bottom-up approach, Particularly in selecting the project with local autonomy. However, it has been still criticized as the form of centralized control of budget and decsion. In terms of the program effectiveness too, it is doubtful to judge that Korean agriculture is in a road to getting the international competetiveness as targeted. Since the local autonomy was started in 1995, the political structure has been settling in a way to be more locally institutionalized. Rural development policy, as the key point of economic and industrial dimension of local autonomy, should be initiated and practiced in real term by the local government. This paper, in this concern, in reviewing the past rural development prolicy and programs, discussed the necessary issues relevant to legal bases of land uses in Korea. Further, the direction of increasing local automous power of local government was discussed in the senses of budgetary control and decision. The power and budget should be allocated more to the rural development plans of local government in order to fulfilize integrated rural spatial development in this new era of globalization.

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High-Speed Low-Power Junctionless Field-Effect Transistor with Ultra-Thin Poly-Si Channel for Sub-10-nm Technology Node

  • Kim, Youngmin;Lee, Junsoo;Cho, Yongbeom;Lee, Won Jae;Cho, Seongjae
    • JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.159-165
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    • 2016
  • Recently, active efforts are being made for future Si CMOS technology by various researches on emerging devices and materials. Capability of low power consumption becomes increasingly important criterion for advanced logic devices in extending the Si CMOS. In this work, a junctionless field-effect transistor (JLFET) with ultra-thin poly-Si (UTP) channel is designed aiming the sub-10-nm technology for low-power (LP) applications. A comparative study by device simulations has been performed for the devices with crystalline and polycrystalline Si channels, respectively, in order to demonstrate that the difference in their performances becomes smaller and eventually disappears as the 10-nm regime is reached. The UTP JLFET would be one of the strongest candidates for advanced logic technology, with various virtues of high-speed operation, low power consumption, and low-thermal-budget process integration.

A Study on the Output Power Optimization of Mobile WiMAX Base Station (Mobile WiMAX 기지국의 최적 출력파워 도출에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Man
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.35 no.4A
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    • pp.341-349
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we studied on the optimization of the output power of Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) base station considering the technical condition of base station and wireless channel condition. The optimum power of base station can be estimated based on the link budget calculation of downlink and uplink in the Mobile WiMAX communication system. We investigated the optimum output power of base station in the case of 2Tx-2Rx base station with $2{\times}2$ MIMO(multiple input multiple output) technology, 2Tx-4Rx base station with improved receiver sensitivity, and 4Tx-4Rx base station with beamforming technology.

A DEA/AHP Hybrid Model for The Budget Allocation of NRL Program (NRL 사업의 예산배분을 위한 DEA/AHP 혼합 모형)

  • Nam, In-Suk;You, Tai-Woo;Ha, Jae-Won;Jeong, Byung-Ho
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2010
  • This paper suggests a DEA/AHP hybrid model to deal with an allocation problem of research budget for the national research lab(NRL) program. The qualitative factors are appraised by AHP model and the quantitative factors are dealt with DEA model to evaluate the performance of research activities considering tangible and intangible factors. The proposed hybrid model is applied to get the importance weight of research areas for research budget allocation of NRL program.

A Study on the Program for Estimation of Electric Rates and the Analysis for Power Consumption in Complex Consumer (복합다용도 수용가의 전력소비특성 분석 및 전기요금 산정프로그램 개발)

  • Kim, Se-Dong;Yoo, Sang-Bong;Ki, Yoo-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.28 no.12
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    • pp.103-107
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    • 2014
  • Together with housings, general buildings and industrial facilities, multi-purpose complexes are equipped with various and special equipment. They are often used by many unspecified people, which causes an increase in annual electricity consumption. Because of this, a great amount of money has been spent for electric charge, far more in excess of the budget, so a reasonable electricity rate needs to be estimated. In this study, we surveyed the power consumption, average power use, and annual electricity bill of multi-purpose complexes in the past five years. To see the general tendency of the survey, we conducted a statistical analysis with such parameters as average, maximum, and minimum values. Through regression analysis, we could see the trend of the survey in linear way. Based on the survey, we have developed an electric-rate calculation program to estimate the next year's budget on electricity.

Ultra-Low Power MICS RF Transceiver Design for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN 을 위한 초저전력 MICS RF 송수신기 기술 개요 및 설계 기법)

  • Gyu-won Kim;Yu-jung Kim;Junghwan Han
    • Transactions on Semiconductor Engineering
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2024
  • This paper discusses the design of bio-implanted ultra-low-power MICS RF transceivers for wireless sensor networks. The 400 MHz MICS standard was considered for the implementation of the WBAN wireless sensor system, indirectly minimizing radio propagation losses in the human body and the inference with surrounding networks. This paper includes link budget, various transmission and reception architectures for a system design and ultra-low power transceiver circuit techniques for the implementation of RF transceivers that meet MICS standards.

Heart rate variability and behavioral alterations during prepartum period in dairy cows as predictors of calving: a preliminary study

  • Tomoki Kojima;Chen-Yu Huang;Ken-ichi Yayou
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.944-951
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    • 2024
  • Objective: Parturition is crucial for dams, their calves, and cow managers. The prediction of calving time, which assists cow managers to decide on the relocation of cows to maternity pens and necessity of human supervision, is a pivotal aspect of livestock farming. However, existing methods of predicting calving time in dairy cows based on hormonal changes and clinical symptoms are time-consuming and yield unreliable predictions. Accordingly, we investigated whether heart rate variability (HRV) which is a non-invasive assessment of autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and behavior during the prepartum period would be useful for predicting calving time in dairy cows. Methods: Eight pregnant cows were surveilled under electrocardiogram and video recordings for HRV and behavioral analyses, respectively. HRV parameters in time and frequency domains were evaluated. A 24-h time budget was calculated for each of six types of behavior (standing and lying with or without rumination, sleeping, and eating). Results: Heart rate on calving day is considerably higher than those recorded on the days preceding calving. Low frequency power declined, whereas high frequency power escalated on the calving day compared to the period between 24 and 48 h before calving. The time budget for ruminating while lying decreased and that while standing increased markedly on the calving day compared to those allocated on the preceding days; nonetheless, the total time budget for ruminating did not differ during the prepartum period. Conclusion: We elucidated the ANS activity and behavioral profiles during prepartum period. Our results confirm that HRV parameters and behavior are useful for predicting calving time, and interestingly indicate that the time budget for ruminating while standing (or lying) may serve as a valuable predictor of calving. Collectively, our findings lay the foundation for future investigations to determine other potential predictors and formulate an algorithm for predicting calving time.