• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2022

Environmental issues such as global warming due to fossil fuel use are now major worldwide concerns, and interest in renewable and clean energy is growing. Of the various types of renewable energy, green hydrogen energy has recently attracted attention because of its eco-friendly and high-energy density. Electrochemical water splitting is considered a pollution-free means of producing clean hydrogen and oxygen and in large quantities. The development of non-noble electrocatalysts with low cost and high performance in water splitting has also attracted considerable attention. In this study, we successfully synthesized a NiCo₂O₄/NF electrode for an oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline water splitting using a hydrothermal method, which was followed by post-heat treatment. The effects of heat treatment on the electrochemical performance of the electrodes were evaluated under different heat-treatment conditions. The optimized NCO/NF-300 electrode showed an overpotential of 416 mV at a high current density of 50 mA/cm² and a low Tafel slope (49.06 mV dec^-1). It also showed excellent stability (due to the large surface area) and the lowest charge transfer resistance (12.59 Ω). The results suggested that our noble-metal free electrodes have great potential for use in developing alkaline electrolysis systems.

• 전자공학회논문지T
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• 제36T권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1999

In\sub 2\O\sub 3\ 계 산화물 반도체형 후막센서의 ppb 범위의 오존에 대한 감지특성을 살펴보았다. In\sub 2\O\sub 감지막은 오존에 감도가 상당히 높았지만 안정된 신호를 얻을 수 없었다. In\sub 2\O\sub에 3wt.% 의 Fe\sub 2\O\sub 3\를 첨가한 경우에는, 순수한 In\sub 2\O\sub 와 비교할 때 응답 시간과 감도에 있어서 감지 특성의 향상이 관찰되었지만, 센서 신호가 시간에 따라 계속 증가되는 경향은 크게 개선되지 않았다. 그러나 In\sub 2\O\sub:Fe\sub 2\O\sub 3\ 혼합 분말의 열처리는 감도가 감소하기는 하였지만 센서의 오존 응답 및 회복 특성을 증진시켰다. 특히 1300℃ 정도의 고온에서 혼합 분말을 열처리 하여 제조한 감지막은 감도의 감소는 있었지만 550℃ 의 측정 온도에서 빠른 응답 및 회복 특성과 센서 신호가 최대값으로 빠르게 수렴함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 이들 센서는 오존에 대해 센서 신호의 선형적인 농도 의존성을 나타내었으며, 반복 실험을 행할 때 센서 신호의 재현성을 보여주었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제조한 후 막 가스센서를 사용하여 ppb 범위의 오존 농도를 신뢰성있게 측정할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.321-325
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• 2020

The present study demonstrates the effect of magnetic pulse compaction and spark plasma sintering on the microstructure and mechanical property of a sintered W body. The relative density of green specimens prepared by magnetic pulse compaction increases with increase in applied pressure, but when the applied pressure is 3.4 GPa or more, some cracks in the specimen are observed. The pressureless-sintered W shows neck growth between W particles, but there are still many pores. The sintered body fabricated by spark plasma sintering exhibits a relative density of above 90 %, and the specimen sintered at 1,600 ℃ after magnetic pulse compaction shows the highest density, with a relative density of 93.6 %. Compared to the specimen for which the W powder is directly sintered, the specimen sintered after magnetic pulse compaction shows a smaller crystal grain size, which is explained by the reduced W particle size and microstructure homogenization during the magnetic pulse compaction process. Sintering at 1,600 ℃ led to the largest Vickers hardness value, but the value is slightly lower than that of the conventional W sintered body, which is attributed mainly to the increased grain size and low sintering density.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2018

PURPOSE. The aim of the present study was to record the metal-ceramic bond strength of a feldspathic dental porcelain and a Co-Cr alloy, using the Direct Metal Laser Sintering technique (DMLS) for the fabrication of metal substrates. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ten metal substrates were fabricated with powder of a dental Co-Cr alloy using DMLS technique (test group) in dimensions according to ISO 9693. Another ten substrates were fabricated with a casing dental Co-Cr alloy using classic casting technique (control group) for comparison. Another three substrates were fabricated using each technique to record the Modulus of Elasticity (E) of the used alloys. All substrates were examined to record external and internal porosity. Feldspathic porcelain was applied on the substrates. Specimens were tested using the three-point bending test. The failure mode was determined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The statistical analysis was performed using t-test. RESULTS. Substrates prepared using DMLS technique did not show internal porosity as compared to those produced using the casting technique. The E of control and test group was $222{\pm}5.13GPa$ and $227{\pm}3GPa$, respectively. The bond strength was $51.87{\pm}7.50MPa$ for test group and $54.60{\pm}6.20MPa$ for control group. No statistically significant differences between the two groups were recorded. The mode of failure was mainly cohesive for all specimens. CONCLUSION. Specimens produced by the DMLS technique cover the lowest acceptable metal-ceramic bond strength of 25 MPa specified in ISO 9693 and present satisfactory bond strength for clinical use.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2017

고비율의 고로슬래그를 사용한 슬러리 충전 고성능 섬유보강 시멘트 복합체(SI-HPFRCC)의 역학적 성능을 평가하였다. SI-HPFRCC 실험체 제작을 위해 hooked-end 형의 강섬유를 6.4% 사용하였다. 재령에 따른 압축강도 및 압축인성과 휨강도 및 휨인성 실험을 통해 SI-HPFRCC의 역학적 성능을 평가하였다. 또한 섬유보강 효과를 평가하기 위해 SI-HPFRCC 실험체 제작에 사용된 슬러리 매트릭스의 압축강도 및 휨강도를 측정하였다. 실험결과 SI-HPFRCC의 휨거동이 재령에 따라 취성이 증가함을 확인하였다. 압축거동의 경우에도 재령에 따른 취성 증가를 볼 수 있었으나 그 정도는 미미하였다. 강도측면에서 볼 때 SI-HPFRCC는 슬러리 매트릭스에 비해 약 140~190%의 압축강도 증가와 440~500%의 휨강도 증가를 보였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2018

In this study, we have fabricated n-type $Bi_2Te_{2.85}Se_{0.15}$ compounds by different processing routes such as crushing, milling and mixing respectively. Subsequently, the obtained powders were consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The phase crystallinity of bulk samples were identified using X-ray diffraction technique. Powder morphology and fracture surface of bulk samples were observed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity values were significantly increased for the milling sample than crushing and mixing samples. As a result, the maximum power factor was obtained $2.4mW/mK^2$, which is thrice than that of crushing process. The maximum figure of merit (ZT) of 0.77 was achieved at 400 K for the milling sample. Furthermore, relatively high hardness and density values were noticed for the different processed samples.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2018

Selective laser melting(SLM)은 적층 제조 방법 중 하나로서, 분말을 선택적으로 용융하여 기능적이고, 복잡한 형상을 즉각적으로 제작 가능하다는 장점이 있다. Ti-6Al-4V 합금의 경우 높은 융점과 산화문제로 인하여 SLM 공정도입에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SLM 장비를 사용하여 Ti-6Al-4V 파트를 성공적으로 적층하였으며 스캔속도, 레이저 파워의 변수를 조절하여 적층 가능 조건을 도출하였다. 또한 적층 된 Ti-6Al-4V 파트의 형상 정밀도, 면밀도 및 기계적특성 평가를 통하여 일반적으로 사용되는 공정조건(스캔 속도 200~700 mm/s)으로 제작된 제작품 물성치와 비교를 통해 Ti-6Al-4V 합금의 고속 적층 영역에서의 최적 공정을 확립하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1767-1778
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• 2010

This study investigates applying $TiO_2$ (titanium dioxide) nanoparticles to polypropylene nonwoven fabrics via electrospinning for the development of UV-protective materials. To fabricate uniform nanocomposite fibers, three types of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles were applied: powder, colloid, and $TiO_2$ coated polymer pellets. $TiO_2$/polyurethane (PU) and $TiO_2$/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite fibers were electrospun and the morphology was examined using a field-emission scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope. Layered fabric systems with electrospun $TiO_2$ nanocomposite fiber webs were developed at various concentrations of $TiO_2$ in a range of the web area density. The effects of $TiO_2$ concentration and web area density on UV-protective properties were examined. When $TiO_2$ colloid was added into a PVA polymer solution, uniform nanocomposite fiber webs in which $TiO_2$ particles were evenly dispersed were produced. Water-soluble PVA nanofiber webs were given a heat treatment to stabilize the electrospun PVA fibrous structure against dissolution in water. $TiO_2$/PVA nanoeomposite fiber webs with 2wt% $TiO_2$ and 3.0g/$m^2$ web area density exhibited an ultraviolet protection factor of greater than 50, indicating excellent UV protection.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.2451-2456
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• 2011

0.5mm 크기의 타원형 무기분말을 충전한 폴리우레탄 폼 복합재료에 대한 가교반응의 특성과 후가교처리에 따른 기계적 물성의 변화에 대하여 생성반응의 온도 측정, TGA, 및 인장시험을 이용하여 연구하였다. 중량비로 20% 정도를 충전하는 $CeO_2$ 무기분말(Ce500)을 충전한 샘플 폼복합재료는 10분 이내에 $100^{\circ}$ 정도의 최고 반응속도점 온도에 도달하였으며, 만들어진 샘플의 열분해반응은 약 $250^{\circ}$ 부근의 저온 열분해와 약 $350^{\circ}$ 부근의 고온 열분해의 이중모드로 일어나는 것이 관찰되었다. Kissinger의 해석방법에 의한 분해활성화에너지는 저온영역에서의 열분해에 대하여서는 117.4kJ/mol이며 고온영역에 대해서는 139.4kJ/mol의 값을 각각 나타내었다. $160^{\circ}C$에서의 샘플의 후가교 처리시간에 따른 기계적 성질은 후가교 시간에 따라서 파단응력이나 경도는 크게 변하지 않는 것으로 나타났으나 파단신율은 최대 1.72배까지 증가하였으며, 본 실험에서 사용된 샘플의 경우 $160^{\circ}C$, 7시간 정도의 후가교 시간이 가장 적절한 후가교 조건으로 생각되었다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.29-34
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• 2002

[ $Nb/MoSi_2-ZrO_2$ ] laminate composites have been successfully fabricated by alternately stacking $MoSi_2-ZrO_2$ powder layer and Nb sheet, followed by hot pressing in a graphite mould. The fabricating parameters were selected as hot press temperatures. The instrumented Charpy impact test was carried out at the room temperature in order to investigate the relationship between impact properties and fabricating temperatures. The interfacial shear strength between $MoSi_2-ZrO_2$ and Nb, which is associated with the fabricating temperature and the growth of interfacial reaction layer, is also discussed. The plastic deformation of Nb sheet and the interfacial delamination were macroscopically observed. The $Nb/MoSi_2-ZrO_2$ laminate composites had the maximum impact value when fabricated at 1623K, accompanying the increase of fracture displacement and crack propagation energy. The interfacial shear strength of $Nb/MoSi_2-ZrO_2$ laminate composites increased with the growth of interfacial reaction layer, which resulted from the increase of fabricating temperature. there is an appropriate interfacial shear strength for the enhancement of impact value of $Nb/MoSi_2-ZrO_2$ laminate composites. A large increase of interfacial shear strength restrains the plastic deformation of Nb sheet.