• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.389-393
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• 2000

Ethnography, a major research method in Anthropology, has been recently applied in human-centered design research. Since ethnography has empirical, naturalistic, holistic and eclectic characteristics, it is needed a guideline to apply ethnography into design research in accordance with a characteristic of project. Design project in which ethnography is applied can be categorized by two criteria; degree of newness of project goal(existing user-potential user) and limitedness of worksite(site-oriented-work-oriented). Among work-site activities, technology in use, and user group culture, it should be decided which content to content to focus more than others and thus what kinds of research techniques to apply in the ethnographic research.Case study was to design an interior of a Korean express train. This project is site-oriented and has an existing-potential users. Therefore, video ethnography was effectively applied to obtain chronological data of activity potential users. Therefore, video ethnography was effectively applied to obtain chronological data of activity flow, and participant observation was applied to obtain statistical data of synchronous activities. Case study shows a concrete process example of how to apply ethnography into design research.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.1042-1062
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• 2010

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is an effective technology for alleviating the unreliability of local spectrum sensing due to fading/shadowing effects. Unlike most existing solutions, this paper considers the use of CSS technology in decentralized networks where a fusion center is not available. In such a decentralized network, some attackers may sneak into the ranks of cooperative users. On the basis of recent advances in bio-inspired consensus algorithms, an attack-proof, decentralized CSS scheme is proposed in which all secondary users can maintain cooperative sensing by exchanging information locally instead of requiring centralized control or data fusion. Users no longer need any prior knowledge of the network. To counter three potential categories of spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks, some anti-attack strategies are applied to the iterative process of information exchange. This enables most authentic users to exclude potentially malicious users from their neighborhood. As represented by simulation results, the proposed scheme can generally ensure that most authentic users reach a consensus within the given number of iterations, and it also demonstrates much better robustness against different SSDF attacks than several existing schemes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1702-1716
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• 2015

Customer product reviews have become great influencers of purchase decision making. To assist potential customers, online stores provide various ways to sort customer reviews. Different methods have been developed to identify and recommend useful reviews to customers, primarily using feedback provided by customers about the helpfulness of reviews. Most of the methods consider the preferences of all users to determine whether reviews are helpful, and all users receive the same recommendations.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2014

Background: The use of health functional food (HFF) is increasing and will continue to rise worldwide. Concerns about HFF-drug interactions are increasing as HFF are becoming more widely used. Therefore, awareness of consumers' perceptions and behaviors associated with HFF use may help health care providers improve their communications with patients. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics, perceptions, and behaviors associated with HFF use in South Korea. Method: The online survey was conducted from September 21th to October 7th, 2013. With the aid of Social Network Service (SNS) and google, the questionnaire was posted online on internet website targeting people aged 15 years or older so that self-reported data covering 4 domains were collected from 257 Koreans. Results: A total of 257 people responded the questionnaire. Among them, 81.3% reported experiences of HFF use. Female were more likely than male to use HFFs. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between HFF users and non-users in relation to age, education, and household income. Higher level of education was associated with high-level perception of HFF function (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.48, 10.1) and a positive relationship was observed between the maximum number of HFFs used concurrently and age of the respondents. Among the HFF users, 42.6% reported concurrent HFF-medication use. However 73.3% of them did not disclose their use to physician or pharmacist and only 30.2% were informed about potential drug-HFF interactions. Pharmacy was most commonly reported as the source from which the respondents were informed about potential interactions. Conclusion: Many people had used HFF and medications concurrently while not being informed about potential HFF-drug interactions. Pharmacists and physicians should be vigilant for risk of the interactions and actively determine whether the patient is using an HFF before prescribing and administrating medications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.33-43
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• 2007

The revised Urban Park regulations newly adopt Theme Parks in order to enhance richness and diversities of urban services to communities. However, the regulations ambiguously define the main facilities and service programs of the theme parks. And there have been increasing concerns about confusions in terms of the main facilities and service programs of the theme parks among landscape designers/planners, local governments and relevant field of areas. Misunderstanding on the facilities and service programs of the theme parks may lead to ruin the purposes of the new urban park regulations. In the lights of these, this paper tries to reach a consensus for main facilities and service programs of two theme parks including athletic park and waterfront park, based on measured potential users' preferences with a conjoint choice model. For waterfront parks, potential users show low preferences or negative responses to facilities which are perceived as un-environment friendly. They also show high preferences on ecological areas sitting near to streams. For athletic parks, potential users show demand to introduce something different facilities and atmosphere from existing athletic parks. The demands are particularly high for children's play ground facilities and service facilities. This study also show some methodological examples to compute the carrying capacity with two hypothetical alternatives. This approach might be beneficial for local governments which are wish to alternate the park size on the basis of local conditions such as their financial conditions and land availability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.5-26
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC). One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the surrent status of EUC and the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives: 1). what is the characteristics of EUC strategy of Korean firms, 2). what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean Firms, #0. what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users using computer, 4). what are the application a areas of EUC, 5). How end-users are satisfied with the support of firms, 6). what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also foud that individual differences of end-users are related to EUC success. More specifically, it wat shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education, higher rank and organizational tenure, higher math ability, thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individual difference variables accounted for 14%, 25%, 39% and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome, satisfaction for ability, frequency of computer use, and the number of tasks, respectively. These empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC, such as education, training, support, and human resource management, to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.5
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• pp.383-409
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC). One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the current status of EUC and the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives : 1) what is the characteristics of EUC strategy of Korean firms, 2) what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean firms 3) what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users computer, 4) what are the application areas of EUC, 5) How end-users are satisfied with the support of firm, 6) what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also found that individual differences of end-users are related to EUC success. More specifically, it was shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education, higher rank and organizational tenure, higher math ability, thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individual difference variables accounted for 14%, 25%, 39%, and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome, satisfaction for ability, frequency of computer use, and the number of tasks, respectively. Theses empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC, such as education, training support, and human resource management, to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.5-26
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC) . One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual difference of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the surrent status of EUC and the relationship between individualdifferences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives : 1) what is the characteristics of EC strategy of Korean firms , 2) what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean firms, 3) what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users using computer 4) what are the application a areas of EUC 5) How end-users are satisfied with the support of firms, 6) what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also found that individual differences of endf-users are related to EUC success.More specifically , it was shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education , higher ran아 and organizational tenure, higher math ability , thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individuaal difference variables accounted for 14%, 25% 39% and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome , satisfaction for ability , frequency of computer use, and thenuber of tasks, respectively. These empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC , such as education, training, support, and human resource management , to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.217-233
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• 2011

In this study, we have examined how the potential users of IT convergence product use the external information sources for purchasing decision focusing on a case of smartphone. Although the specifications and price of IT convergence products, such as smartphone, tablet pc, and smart TV, are considered as major criteria for purchasing decision, the competitiveness of these factors have disappeared as many companies launch similar products in the market. External information sources play a significant role to differentiate the alternatives by offering value-added experience information. The effect of external information sources becomes stronger for experience and high-involvement product whose performance can be evaluated through only users' direct experience. In this study, we categorized the external information sources for smartphone into five; company ads, personal network, expert group, consumers, and media. Through an empirical study with potential smartphone users, we verified how these external information sources affect users' purchasing decision in the perspective of the perceived attributes of information source, quality of information, and individual's characteristics based on self-regulatory theory.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.5820-5834
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• 2017

This paper investigates the channel selection problem with dynamic users and the asymmetric interference relation in distributed opportunistic spectrum access systems. Since users transmitting data are based on their traffic demands, they dynamically compete for the channel occupation. Moreover, the heterogeneous interference range leads to asymmetric interference relation. The dynamic users and asymmetric interference relation bring about new challenges such as dynamic random systems and poor fairness. In this article, we will focus on maximizing the tradeoff between the achievable utility and access cost of each user, formulate the channel selection problem as a directional graphical game and prove it as an exact potential game presenting at least one pure Nash equilibrium point. We show that the best NE point maximizes both the personal and system utility, and employ the stochastic learning approach algorithm for achieving the best NE point. Simulation results show that the algorithm converges, presents near-optimal performance and good fairness, and the directional graphical model improves the systems throughput performance in different asymmetric level systems.