• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 1996년도 경북지부 결성 및 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.39-49
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• 1996

Hundreds of contaminated sites have been generated due to the past mismagement of toxic substances, the lack of adequate environmental controls and ignorance of the potential environmental impacts of general activities in Canada. The general public, industry and governments have been addressing the contaminated sites with a number of cleanup responses. Environmental protection and remediation have become top priorities for the public and private sectors alike in Canada. Between the late 1980s and the early 1990s, the Canadian Environmental Protection Act and Canada's Green Plan were followed by provincial and territorial laws and policies to regulate contaminated sites. The National Contaminated Site Remediation Program(NCSRP) was initiated in 1989. It has been administered through bilateral agreements between the federal and participating provincial/territorial governments. They have committed a total of $250 million toward orphan site cleanup and technology development/demonstration over a five year period. The federal government has committed an additional $25 million to assess contaminated sites on federal crown land. Over 40 orphan high-risk contaminated sites, over 230 federal sites and over 35 technology development/demonstration projects have been addressed. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment has developed a series of guidance documents to ensure a consistent and successful implementation of the Program. The management/regulation scheme of contaminated sites generally consists of： 1) identifying and investigating sites, 2) determining site contamination, 3) recognizing responsibility and liability, 4) assessing priority for remediation, 5) activation, evaluation and implementing remediation options, and 6) documenting remediation completion. The NCSRP supported the successful development/demonstration of a wide range of innovative remedial technologies. They are related to stabilization/solidification, thermal washing/flushing, advanced oxidation, sonics, and groundwater contaminated with hydrocarbons, PAHS, PCBs, heavy metals, and other hazardous pollutants in a variety of site environments.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2007

This study was performed to find out hazardous factors in the loaded works of muscular skeletal disorders(MSDs) for four company attached to dining workers from October 2005 to June 2006. The results are summarized as follows. 1. 42.5% of workers in study group were 40-50 years old, and females were higher than males, and the average of body weight was 70kg, 57kg in males and females, respectively. Working time per day was mostly 7-9hours, and the rate of worker who had never education and training was 46%. 2. The upper part and right part of body were higher than lower part and left part in symptoms of muscular skeletal disorders. Body parts which complained of symptoms were the order of right shoulder(55%), right arm(54%), right hand,(40%) waist(35%), leg(25%), and neck(24%). 3. The results of evaluation in the loaded works of muscular skeletal disorders to cooking, dish supply, preparing side dish, and washing the dishes and cleaning the floor of cooking room using RULA and OWAS checklists was action level 4(potential hazards, needs of change workplace), and the result of evaluation using back compressive force needed control measures as 779.27 lbs~1,274.04 lbs. In a view point of the result of this study, large dining rooms should be designed by ergonomic technology for the work surface height, width, and depth. The height of carrying car should be lower to 70cm, and repetitiveness and handling weight should be reduced by mechanical means, and education and training also should be performed for all of workers positively.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2014

Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and food and beverage containers. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between urinary concentrations of BPA and waist circumference in Korean adults. A total of 1,030 Korean adults (mean age, $44.3{\pm}14.6$ years) were enrolled in the study on the integrated exposure to hazardous materials for safety control, conducted by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety from 2010 to 2012. Abdominal obesity was defined as having a waist circumference of at least 90 cm and 85 cm for men and women, respectively. The participants were divided into 4 groups according to the urinary BPA concentration quartile. Waist circumference was significantly higher among subjects with a urinary BPA concentration in the highest quartile relative to those in the lowest quartile (p = 0.0071). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between urinary BPA concentrations and body mass index, body fat, after adjusting for potential confounders. Moreover, subjects with urinary BPA concentrations in the fourth quartile were more likely to be obese compared to those with urinary BPA concentrations in the first quartile (odds ratio, 1.938; 95% CI: 1.314~2.857; p for trend = 0.0106). These findings provide evidence for a positive association between urinary BPA concentration and waist circumference in Korean adults.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2005

부산 신항만 및 녹산공단 지역을 포함하는 낙동강 하구 유역에는 두꺼운 점토질퇴적물이 퇴적되어 연약지반을 구성하고 있다. 이곳의 4개의 시추공에서 채취한 점토퇴적물에 대해 광물성분과 공학적 토질물성을 분석하여, 깊이에 따른 변화를 검토하고 그들의 상관관계를 검토하였다. 그 결과 점토퇴적물 속에 함유된 일부 광물조성은 토질물성과 약간의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 석영의 함량은 습윤단위중량과 정의 관계이고, 액성한계와는 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 함수량은 장석의 함량과는 부의 관계이고, 점토광물의 함량과는 정의 관계를 나타냈다. 습윤단위중량은 점토광물의 함량과는 부의 관계를 나타냈다. 그리고 복합적 인자에 의한 상관분석 결과에서 소성지수는 점토광물, 스멕타이트, 점토입토의 함량과 일정의 관계식을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2018

In Singapore, biosafety and biosecurity measures are controlled by the Biological Agents and Toxins Act (BATA) and other requirements by regulatory agencies. The law prohibits and otherwise regulates the possession, use, import, transhipment, transfer, and transportation of biological agents, inactivated biological agents, and toxins that are of public health concern. The law also defines the facility requirements for high risk biological agents and toxins. The containment facility (BSL 3) is a minimum requirement to handle biological agents that falls under Schedule 1 (Risk Group 3). The Nanyang Technological University School of Biological Sciences Biosafety Level 3 Facility (NTU-SBS BSL 3) was designed specifically for research involving potential hazardous biological materials. The facility requires yearly re-certification by an approved facility certifier to meet the local requirements and international biosafety standards for a containment facility in many instances. On the other hand, most NTU researchers conduct biological projects involving biological agents with low or moderate risk groups (Risk Groups 1 and 2 or biological agents described in schedule 3 and 4 of BATA) and GMOs, which need only a BSL 2 laboratory. BSL 2 laboratories are yet to be legally certified or registered in Singapore. Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) identifies the requirements; defines a minimum standard in the safe control of biological risks and registers all BSL 2 laboratories in the NTU. Therefore, under the guidance of the IBC, the University Biosafety and Biosecurity Programme includes the audit and certification program as a unique and an internal exercise to bring NTU biosafety to a higher level.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2000

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) have known as potentially hazardous air pollutants(HAPs0 to human health because of its carcinogenic and mutagenic behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of 6 PAHs(Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo[a]anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo[b]fluoranthene, and Benzo[a]pyrene) as well as 10 inorganic elements(Cr, Na, K, Zn, Pb, Fe, Cu, Ti, Al and Cd) in the ambient PM-10. The total of 115 samples had been collected from February, 1996 to June, 1996 on quartz fiber by a PM-10 high volume air sampler near the Yong-Tong Apartment complexes. A statistical analysis was performed for the PAHs and inorganic elements data set using a principal component analysis in order to identify qualitatively the potential sources of PM-10. A total of 6 principal components were separated by intensive data pretrement and transformation processes, such as soil, refuse incineration, oil burning, coal burning, field burning, vehicle emission sources. The results showed that PAHs were associated with various burning activities like refuse and field burning, coal burning, and oil burning emissions in the study area. These derived sources were well matched with the previously known source profiles in terms of compositonal order and level of measured species. The combination data set consisted of both organic and inorganic species might provide more powerful source signature and might increase the number of potentially derived sources than PAHs or inorganic data alone.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.845-852
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• 2014

The quality of commercial sauce products was evaluated through pH, soluble solid content, salinity, water activity and microbial analyses. The pH of sauces was 2.38~5.30, soluble solids were between 6.03 and 71.67, and distributions of salt were 0.23~5.00% in 32 commercial sauce products. In addition, water activity of vinegar red pepper sauce and spicy soft tofu stew stock were determined 0.773 and 0.988, respectively. Yeast, mold, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and coliform were not detected in any sauces. Higher level of total viable cells (TVC) resulted in pH over 4.2. TVC of shelf-stable sauces was 1.0~3.6 log CFU/g. TVC of seven sauce products was classified as non-potentially hazardous foods by temperature controlled for safety standard (TCS), even though levels were over acceptable guidelines of the USDA (3 log CFU/g). These results indicate that the standard and classification of commercial sauce products should be modified and controlled strictly.

• 청정기술
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2007

청정기술의 발전을 위하여 나노기술이 융합된 새로운 기술의 도입이 필요하다. 최근 개발된 나노입자, 나노튜브 등은 이미 많은 소비재의 원료로 사용되고 있으며, 인체 및 환경에 쉽게 노출될 수 있다. 이러한 나노입자는 작은 크기와 넓은 비표면적 특성으로 인해 기존물질에 비하여 반응성이 높고 인체나 환경에 독성을 나타낼 커다란 잠재성을 가지고 있으며, 이미 많은 연구결과에서 이러한 나노물질이 인체 및 환경 유해성을 유발하는 원인과 결과에 대하여 보고하고 있다. 본 논고에서는 나노기술 기반 청정기술 발전의 방향을 제시하기 위하여 나노물질의 인체 및 환경 유해성에 관한 위험성평가 방안을 검토하고, 나노물질의 잠재적인 위해성을 살펴보고자 한다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.528-535
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• 2005

It is inclined to increase that use of hazardous substances such as lead(Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium(Cd) etc. are prohibited in the electronics according to environmental friendly policies of an advanced nation for protecting environment of earth. As this reasons, many researches for ensuring the reliability were proceeding in Pb free soldering process. n the flux remains on the PCB(printed circuit board) in the soldering process or the electronics exposed to corrosive environment, it becomes the reasons of breakdown or malfunction of the electronics caused by corrosion. Therefore in this studies we researched the polarization and Tafel properties of Sn40Pb and SnCu system solders based on the electrochemical theory. The experimental polarization curves were measured in distilled ionized water and 1 mole $3.5 wt\%$ NaCl electrolyte of $40^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5. Ag/AgCl and graphite were utilized by reference and counter electrodes, respectively. To observe the electrochemical reaction, polarization test was conducted from -250mV to +250mV. From the polarization curves composed of anodic and cathodic curves, we obtained Tafel slop, reversible electrode potential(Ecorr) and exchange current density((cow). In these results, we compared the corrosion rate of SnPb and SnCu solders.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1996

The Bioconcentration factor(BCF) is used as an important criterion in the risk assessment of environmental contaminants. Also it can be used as indicator of biomagnification of environmentally hazardous chemicals through food-chain as well as a tool for ranking the bioconcentration potential of the chemicals in the environment. This paper reports the measured BCF value on carbofuran in Carassius auratus(goldfish), under steady state, and examined corelation between the BCF value and the depuration rate constant. Carassius auratus(goldfish) was chosen as test organism and test periods were 1-day, 3-day and 5-day. Experimental concentrations were 0.05, 0.10 and 0.50 ppm. Carbofuran in fish tissue and in test water was extracted with n-hexane and acetonitril. GC-ECD was used to detect and quantitate carbofuran. The depuration rate of carbofuran from the whole body of goldfish is determined over the 24-h period after treatment. The obtained results were as follows: 1. It was possible to determine short term BCFs of carbofuran through relatively simple procedure in environmental concentrations. 2. $BCF_1$ of carbofuran in concentration of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.50 ppm were 1.66, 1.64 0.61, $BCF_3$ were 2.08, 2.14, 0.66 and $BCF_5$ were 2.21, 2.57, 0.86, respectively. 3. Carbofuran concentration in fish extract was increased as increasing test concentration and prolonging test period, but $BCF_s$ in concentration of 0.50 ppm was greately decreased. 4. Determined deputation rate constants of carbofuran in concentration of 0.05, 0.10, 0.50 ppm were 0.076, 0.082 and 0.089, respectively. 5. It is considered that great decrease of $BCF_s$ in concentration of 0.50 ppm is due to high water solubility and stability of carbofuran in testwater. 6. It is suggested that low BCF of carbofuran is due to its relatively high water solubility and depuration rate, compared to BPMC, carbaryl and chlorothalonil.