• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the correlation between Death Rate of Trees (DRT) and the Physiological Characteristics of Trees(PCT) in POSCO Gwangyang works, which is a reclaimed area. To analyze the DRT, 15 species of deciduous trees were selected, for example Ulmus davidiana var., Zelkova serrata, Melia azedarach var. etc. Though there were numerous factors to affect the growing of trees, 5 PCT were considered to be main factors, soil salt tolerance, wind salt tolerance, water needs, transplanting difficulty, and nutrient needs. According to two kinds of soil-base: mound and pot area, we tested the relationship between 5 PCT and DRT by use of t-test and multiple regression analysis. The results are as follows. 1. The DRT of Acer palmatum, Cornus kousa, Magnolia kobus, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Albizzia julibrissin were high by more than 20%. On the other hand, Chionanthus retusa, Ulmus davidiana var. japonica Celtis sinensis, and Lagerstroemia indica were low by less than 10% in the DRT and are considered to be species suitable for planting in reclaimed areas. 2. The DRT of trees in pot areas was meaningfully higher than in mound areas; for this reason the mound technique is desirable as a soil-base for planting in reclaimed areas. 3. In the pot area, the independent variables, in the order of soil salt tolerance, wind salt tolerance, transplanting difficulty, had an effect on the DRT more significantly than in mount area. On the other hand, wind salt tolerance and soil salt tolerance affected the DRT in mount areas. This means that soil salt tolerance, wind salt tolerance, and transplanting difficulty have to be considered as significant factors to the DRT. Although the researchers tried to interpret how the PCT affected the DRT in order to analyze the relationship between the two in reclaimed areas, it was neglected at an experimental level. Therefore, future research should work on this aspect in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.72-79
• /
• 2010

This research was initiated to investigate the revegetation characteristics under seedling types of native woody plants on a disturbed slope. 4 different seedling types of woody plants (control, unit seedling plot, nature seedling plot, pot seedling plot) with the same woody plants (Rhus chinensis Mill, Albizzia julibrissin Duraz., Quercus acutissima Carr., Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) were treated with 3 replications on the experimental disturbed slope. Data such as the died number of native woody plants, growth height and visual quality were analyzed. The died number of plants were high in unit seedling plot when compared to the rest plots of seedling types. From the standpoint of died plant species, the died number were high in Rhus chinensis and Albizzia julibrissin whereas the died number were low in Quercus acutissima and Pinus densiflora. That's because we used 1-year old seedlings of Rhus chinensis and Albizzia julibrissin and 3-year old seedling Quercus acutissima and Pinus densiflora. This result indicated that the died reason of native woody seedling was not species but seedling age. Both growth height and visual quality were ranked first in the pot seedling plot, second in the nature seedling plot, third in the unit seedling plot, and last in the control plot, respectively. However, the difference of both growth height and visual quality in each seedling plot was not observed on the 11 months after planting. Especially, the main reason of low rooting and growth value in the unit seedling plot was due to wooven fabric outer crust of pot that obstruct seedling rooting into the soil. We concluded that pot seedling of native woody plants was effective in the viewpoint of the ecological disturbed slope revegetation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.1363-1370
• /
• 2015

This study was aimed to determine effects of soil organic amendment as plant growing media component on restoration of planting ground. The changes of soil physical and chemical properties and germination and growth of kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) were investigated. For treatments, soil was excavated at depth of 0-50 cm (referred as $S_1$) and at depth of 50-100 cm (referred as $S_2$). Then the half amount of $S_1$ soil was mixed with the soil organic amendment (coir dust 40% (v/v), bottom ash 25%, leaf mold 25%, vermiculite 5%, carbonized rice hull 5%) at a rate of 6% (v/v) (referred as $S_1CC$) and also the half amount of $S_2$ soil was mixed with the soil organic amendment at a rate of 6% (v/v) (referred as $S_2CC$) on pot in a 16 cm diameter and 14 cm height. The experiment was replicated 3 times with 3 pots per replication in randomized block design, and 100 seeds were planted per pot. In results, there was no significant difference in soil pH among the treatments with a slight decrease in soil hydraulic conductivity. However, in the $S_1CC$ treatment, positive increases in soil chemical properties, including electrical conductivity, organic matter, phosphoric acid, total nitrogen, exchangeable cation, and cation exchange capacity. Also, the germination rate, plant height, and number of leaves were higher in the $S_1CC$ treatment than those in other treatments. These results suggest that the addition of organic amendment to the soil at depth of 0-50 cm might be proper for restoring planting ground.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.365-373
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to determine the effects of horticultural therapy on self-esteem of women with hearing impairment. Ten women with hearing impairment registered in the Mokpo Branch of the Korean Association of the Deaf participated in the horticultural therapy programs (HTP) for self-esteem. The self-esteem scale was used to evaluate the effects of the programs and scores were compared to determine the difference before and after the programs. Self-esteem was improved in all 10 subjects, and its mean value increased with statistical significance from 22.5 points before the programs to 29.8 points after the programs. The programs preferred by women with hearing impairment included 'making a centerpiece using scented candles and flowers', 'packing and planting pot spray chrysanthemum', 'making a topiary', 'planting Hedera helix', and 'planting cyclamen'. Therefore, it was suggested that self-esteem of women with hearing impairment were improved by increasing social and family support, emotional stability, positive feedback, and self-expression through horticultural therapy programs.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.284-289
• /
• 1994

A nutrient solution culture experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Suwon Campus, Kyung-Hee University from May 23 to July 11, 1994, to determine the effects of phosphorus application on seedling growth of Kwanganok and Hwengsungok cultivars of corn. Plants were harvested at weekly interval for seven weeks, at which time plant height, leaf area and dry matter yield of corn seedling were measured. The major results obtained are as follows. In without phosphorus pot, seedlings of Kwanganok and Hwengsungok cultivars have hardly been growing from planting to harvesting time. Plant height, leaf area and dry matter yield of both cultivars were increased more in the seedlings grown under complete treatment compared with the other phosphorus treatments. The total plant height, leaf area and dry matter yield during the whole period of Kwanganok and Hwengsungok cultivars were decreased in order of C>2P>3P>-P application pot. The crop growth rates of seedlings of both cultivars with in all treatments were slow until the 4th week after planting. Kwanganok with 2P and 3P treatment pot and C pot of Hwengsungok reached the maximum CGR at the 5th to 6th week after planting and showed declined CGR's thereafter, but Kwanganok C and Hwengsungok 2P treatment pots maintained a steady increase in CGR's until the end of the experiment period.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 1983

Growth habit, intraspecific competition of Digitaria sanguinalis, and interspecific competition between soybean and D. sanguinalis were evaluated to obtain the basic informations on establishing an effective control measure in upland corps. The earlier planting on April 1 produced approximately 3.5 times higher dry matter than that of the latest planting on July 22 and resulted in the earliest heading on July 8 and the latest heading was observed on September 4 planted on July. 22, but the interval between planting and heading dates was shortened progressively as the planting dates were delayed, showing irregularity of heading within a hill. Tiller numbers per plant were inhibited as densities increased from one to forty. One plant planted per pot produced significantly higher tiller numbers than density of 5 to 40 plants per pot. However, total tiller numbers was the highest in density of 40 plants planted per pot. Regardless of planting densities used, D. sanguinalis at all densities produced the similar dry matter per pot, showing severe intraspecific competition as density increased, but on each plant basis dry weight production was the highest in the lowest density such as one plant planted per pot. Competition between soybean and D. sanguinalis for the entire growing season decreased the total dry weight of soybean by 59.6%. Soybean required the maintenance of a weed free condition, about 3 to 4 weeks immediately after seeding, for obtaining the maximum yield, beyond which soybean crops effectively suppressed the growth of D. sanguinalis.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of planting time on the survival rate and growth. Ilex cornuta Lindl., I. aquifolium 'Silver Queen', Ardisia pusilla 'Variegata', and Rhododendron indicum(Satsuki azalea) were planted in pottery pot six times such as April 1, June 1, July 1, August 1, October 1, and December 1 in 2017. The survival rate of I. cornuta Lindl. planted in April, October, and December was 100%, whereas the survival rates were 90% in June, 50% in July, and 60% in August, respectively. The survival rates of I. aquifolium 'Silver Queen' and R. schlippenbachii were also shown about 60% in July and 70% in August, which were lower than in the other planting times at 100%. However, the survival rate of A. pusilla 'Variegata' was shown 100% in the all planting times. The growth rates of plant length, plant height or leaf length or any others of I. cornuta Lindl. were shown 20.0%, 15.5% and 16.5% planted in June, July, and August, respectively, while those planted in April, October and December were 3.2%, 12.3% and 10.7% respectively. Similarly, the growth rates of leaf numbers and plant length of I. cornuta Lindl., A. pusilla 'Variegata', and R. indicum(Satsuki azalea) planted in summer season from June to August for all plat (not only leaf numbers and plant length in was facilitated, while the growth was restrained in planting for spring or autumn. Therefore, the plantation during summer is better for increasing the survival rate and promoting the growth.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.17
• /
• pp.79-114
• /
• 1974

Experiments were conducted to clarify the variations of the ecological characteristics under different day-length and temperature conditions inperilla varieties from 1972 to 1973 in the experimental fields of Crop Experiment Station, O.R.D, Suwon. Thirty-six varieties were tested in the field in 1972 under 6 growing seasons differing seeding dates. from April 5th to June 20th with 15-day interval between each seeding. Pot-experiment also were conducted in 1972 and 1973. The seeds of the 6 varieties tested were sown on May 25th. In this pot-experiment natural condition was regarded as a short-day treatment and 100-W incandescent lamps were used for long-day treatment. Three selected varieties were grown under different. temperature treatments in phytotron in Crop Experiment Station. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Most varieties tested flowered around September 6. The days required to flower were shortened gradually as the planting time was delayed. 2. The varieties used were matured around October 6, but the maturity was shortened when planted early. The days required for maturity after flowering was 26 to 30. 3. The growing period was also shortened gradually when planting time was delayed. 4. Plant height was reduced when planting time was delayed. 5. There were little differences in number of valid branches among planting time I, II and III, while the branch number was reduced as the planting time was delayed. 6. The dry matter weight was gradually increased from planting time I to III, while it was rapidly decreased after planting time IV. 7. It was found that the flowering of perilla was little affected by temperature. The varieties, however, were more sensitive to day-length. 8. No clear tendency was found in the plant height, number of valid branches and dry matter weight by the time and period of day-length and temperature treatments. 9. The highest yield was obtained at planting time III(May 5th) and the yield was decreased at either earlier or later planting. 10. 1, 000 grain weight appeared to be heavier as the planting time was delayed. 11. The number of flower cluster was largest at planting time III (May 5th) and it was decreased as planting time was earlier or later than III. 12. The oil content was also highest at planting time III (May 5th). 13. Days to flowering, days to maturity and total growing period and flowering period did not affect the yield much. 14. The number of valid branches, flower clusters, 1, 000-grain weight and dry matter weight were positively correlated with yield. The relationship between these characters and yield were variable depending upon the planting time.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2005

This experiment was conducted to investigate planting depth, which applied the basic data for planting growth ability and mechanical planting of oriental melon. 'Gumssaragi-eunchun' variety was approach grafting to 'Shintozoa' and seedling was growing during 45 days in the 9cm pot and then planted on Jan. 16. The comparison of planting plots was carried out for four experimental plots, which were separated into 0cm, 4.5cm, 9cm, standard cultivation, and 12cm planting depth in soil. In the tunnel of vinyl house, the lowest and the highest temperature was $9.3^{\circ}C\;and\;41.2^{\circ}C$, respectively, and humidity was $59\~99\%$ during Jan. 18 and 19. The faster graft-take rate after planting was the deeper planting depth. The growth of 40 days after planting was not significant in each planting plot, except 0cm experimental plot. Fruit weight was the heaviest in 4.5cm planting depth of experimental plot but sugar content and flesh thickness were not significant in each planting depth. The more depth in planting meant the more increase in fermented fruit rate and decrease in marketable fruit rate. Marketable yield was 2,361kg per l0a in 9cm planting plot, which was $2\%\;and\;1\%$ lower than in 0cm and 4.5cm, respectively, and $11\%$ greater than in 12cm planting plot.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.19 no.spc
• /
• pp.92-95
• /
• 2011

The initial investment of rice cultivation by mechanical technique was high. This was only due to the cost of planting machine. We analysed the overall cost (without machine cost) and benefits of the two methods, it manifested that the mechanical method is very much beneficial over traditional rice cultivation technique. We observed that the requirement of soil, irrigation water, number of seeds etc. decreased in mechanical cultivation technique while net income increase by 13.07% with 80% government subsidy. Furthermore, the initial rooting was quicker, growth and development of pot raised seedlings was better than the traditional technique. Hence, this technique can give better return to the farmers with the help of government subsidy.