• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.36-41
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• 2004

Postharvest handling of sweetpotatoes is inevitable procedure for the maintenance, storage, management and utilization of high fresh quality of storage roots. It ranges in degree from simple lifting of roots, carrying them from field to storage house and immediate consumption after cooking, to sophisticated methods of curing, and storage under controlled conditions followed by processing into a high quality food products. Postharvest saleability, quality and nutritional value of roots and the presence or absence in roots of bitter, toxic furanoterpenoid phytoalexins or mycotoxins depends greatly on the degree and types of treatment to which produce is subjected. Climatic and soil conditions before harvest and contamination or attack by microorganisms or insect pests in the field may initiate or enhance subsequent postharvest deterioration. Careless postharvest handling can lead to both quantitative and qualitative losses which may be extremely high in some circumstances. Research has concentrated on the improvement of preharvest conditions to increase yield and lower decrease rates. However, such efforts are wasted unless they go hand in hand with others designed to reduce the high degree of loss associated with careless postharvest handling.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2018

Purpose: Postharvest handling of onions (harvesting, cleaning, grading, cooling, storing, and transport) should be performed continually to reduce costs and improve quality. The purpose of this study is to a) determine the design parameters and operating conditions of anion auto-dumping that constitutes a key component of the postharvest bulk handling machinery system, and b) to perform a performance test with the auto-dump prototype system. Methods: Kinematic analyses and computer simulations of the auto-dump mechanism were applied to analyze the operating conditions and design parameters. Results: The optimum working condition for the auto-dump was determined from kinetic analyses. In addition, the interaction between the velocity of the hydraulic cylinder and the angular velocity of the auto-dump were analyzed in order to control the bulk handling machinery system. The acting forces and optimum operating conditions of the hydraulic cylinder were determined by analyzing the forces related to the mass of inertia of the auto-dump assembly during rotation. The method of controlling the feeding rate of onions in terms of the uniformity of the stacking pattern and the control of the entire system was better than the two-stage method of controlling the rotational speed of the auto-dump. Based on the performance test with the prototype for the auto-dump, the stacking pattern and rigidity of the system were analyzed. Conclusions: These results would be of great importance in the postharvest bulk handling machinery system for onions.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.238-249
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• 2015

Purpose: Fruit and vegetable production is a fast-growing sector in East Africa, and it bears considerable local and international market potential. In an effort to analyze the challenges within this sector and suggest possible solutions, this study reviews the postharvest handling technologies commonly used with fruits and vegetables in East Africa. Methods: During the course of this study, small-scale farmers were identified as the most prominent producers of fruit and vegetable crops in the region. Results: We found that many of these small-scale farmers employed relative simple and inexpensive techniques in handling their limited volumes of produce. Several factors could be addressed to reduce postharvest losses, including weak policies, inferior infrastructure, and poor market strategies. However, the lack of basic knowledge (including demographic, scientific, and economic knowledge) among the stakeholders (e.g., researchers, farmers, governments, nongovernment organizations, and merchants) on how to develop, implement, use, and sustain the recommended handling technologies is probably the most problematic. Conclusions: We recommend that high priority be placed on closing the knowledge gap, which could enhance the efforts of all the stakeholders to address and reduce postharvest losses.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.325-353
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• 2018

Agricultural systems in South Asian countries are dominated by smallholder farmers. Additionally, these farmers have limited access to pre- and post-harvest technologies due to their high initial cost. The lack of these technologies in postharvest handling is responsible for 20% to 44% of fruit and vegetable losses. These high losses are largely the result of a generally weak basic postharvest infrastructure for the preservation of products, which avoids damage from improper handling, transportation, packaging, and storage. High postharvest losses of products negatively affect food availability, food security, and nutrition, as the producer is able to sell less of the farm yield and the net availability of these food commodities for consumption is reduced. An underlying cause of these postharvest losses is the limited awareness and knowledge bases of stakeholders (researchers, farmers, governments, non-governmental organizations, and merchants) in the traditional supply chains in which these losses occur. The analysis presented in this paper explores the state of postharvest practice in South Asian countries and discusses options for low-cost postharvest technologies in the region that can support small-scale farmers and provide a viable pathway for supply to the market, joining with modern value chains and bringing about individual and regional reduction in postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables. The improvement of basic and simple low-cost technologies through precise research efforts has the potential to prevent such huge losses of products, and help meet the ever-increasing demand for food in South Asian countries.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2001년도 임시총회 및 제18차 학술발표회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.51-64
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• 2001

The qualities including taste of sweetpotato stored during the winter which can display in the spring market in Korea are affected by availability of storage for the roots. In order to make high storage availability of sweetpotato, the postharvest handlings should be done thoroughly from the moment of harvest until shipping them to the market. A lot of procedures that must be handled carefully for improving postharvest management are as follows; digging, trimming, gathering, putting in storage containers, carrying them from field to house, curing, storing, washing, drying, selecting marketable roots, packing and shipping to the market, etc.. Sweetpotatoes have a high moisture content, and a relatively thin and delicate skin, and are sensitive to chilling, so careless postharvest handling can lead to both quantitative and qualitative losses which may be extremely high in some circumstances. From now on research has concentrated on the improvement of postharvest conditions to increase yield and lower disease rates. Storage, which makes sweetpotatoes available through out the year, benefits both the producer and the consumer. Seven very important points must be needed in order to get the best quality marketable roots in the storing of sweetpotatos : $\circled1$The storage house must be clean and sanitary, $\circled2$The crop must be harvested before the first frost to avoid low-temperature injury, $\circled3$Particular care must be taken to avoid cutting, bruising, or other injuries of the sweetpotatoes during digging, picking up, grading, placing in containers, and moving to the storage house, $\circled4$Select sound, disease-free roots for storage $\circled5$Sweetpotatoes should be stored in properly stacked containers $\circled6$Cure immediately after harvest, preferably at 32∼33$^{\circ}C$ and 90 to 95 percent relative humidity for 4 to 7 days, After curing the temperature should be reduced to 13$^{\circ}C$ to 16$^{\circ}C$ by ventilating the storage with outside air. $\circled7$Store at 12$^{\circ}C$ to 14$^{\circ}C$ and a relative humidity of 80 to 85 percent. Storage houses should be located on suitable sites and should be tightly constructed and insulated so that temperature and humidity will be uniform. Sweetpotatoes are usually not washed and graded, and lately sometimes washed, graded, waxed, before being shipped to market. Consumer packaging of sweetpotatoes in paper boxes(10-15kg) or film bags is done mainly to aid marketing. The shelf life of washed roots in consumer packs in only 1 to 2 weeks. Weight loss of roots during marketing is much less in perforated film bags than in mesh and paper bags. Perforation of 0.8 to 1kg polyethylene bags with about six 6mm holes is essential ; to lower the internal relative humidity and avoid excessive sprouting, rooting, and dampness. Development and use of better postharvest handling with good storage facilities or marketing methods can minimize sweetpotate losses and has an effect of indirectly increasing productivity and farmer’s income.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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• pp.539-546
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• 1996

The physical condition of rapeseed delivered to fat industry plants plays a significant role in the formation of the qualitative features of the raw material for oil production and, consequently , of the oil itself. Rapeseed is stored in silos , frequently for months, before it is subjected to processing. During the long storage, the conditions of the seed cover is very important, as the seed cover provides natural protection of the seed against the effect of the environment. Seeds with damaged seed cover are more easily affected by mildew, and the rate of chemical processes. Deteriorating the quality of oil contained in the cotyledons is faster in such seeds. Cracked seed covers facilitates also the growth and development of microorgaism. So as rapeseed damage occurring inthe course of harvest and the post-harvest processing have a negative effect of the quality and quantity of oil the sees contain. The study presented here was aimed at examining the typical process of purcha ing and handling of rapeseed in fat industry plants, in the aspect of the occurrence of mechanical damage to the seeds. Special attention was paid to the condition of rapeseed immediately after combine harvesting : next , the successive stages of technological handling of the seed were examined. observing the operation parameters of the particular machinery and equipment in order to identify those operations which caused deterioration in the quality of the material (sees). Seed samples were taken successively from the following the hopper, prior to cleaning , after cleaning , prior to drying , after drying, from dry rape silo. The total level of damage increased through the handling. The content of unusable contaminants had the tendency to decrease in the successive operations. though the actual values still exceeded levels permitted by standards. The study allow to indicate the operation fo postharvest technological process, which cause the most seed damage as well as gave quantita ive description of the losses occurred.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.410-414
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• 2004

To understand the postharvest characteristics of soybean sprouts, 5-day-old sprouts were harvested, packed in PE film, and stored at 4, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$ for up to 4 days. In addition, the sprout respiration rate was measured after storage at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and $24^{\circ}C$ for up to 20h. During the first day of storage at $20^{\circ}C$, the sprouts maintained temperature-dependent longitudinal growth, especially of hypocotyl length; hypocotyl and root grew 0.8cm and 0.2cm, respectively. The hypocotyl thickness decreased by 11, 13, and $18\%$ after 4 days of storage at 4, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. No temperature-dependent differences in fresh weight, dry weight, or water content were found, despite decreases of $3\%$ over the 4 days of storage. A significant postharvest decrease of $50\%$ in vitamin C content was observed in the sprouts stored at $20^{\circ}C$ for 3days. Based on the $CO_2$ production rate, the soybean sprouts exhibited an increase in respiration in proportion to the storage temperature; sprouts stored at 8, 12, 16, 20 and $24^{\circ}C$ showed approximately 2, 5, 6, 11, and 17 times, respectively, than the respiration rate of sprouts stored at $4^{\circ}C$. These results indicate the importance of low temperature storage during market circulation for minimizing the postharvest morphological and nutritional degradation of soybean sprouts.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Spoilage fungi can reduce the shelf life of fresh fruits and cause economic losses by lowering quality. Especially, mulberry fruits have high sensitivity to fungal attack due to their high water content (> 70%) and soft texture. In addition, the surface of these fruits is prone to damage during harvesting and postharvest handling. However, any study on postharvest spoilage fungi in mulberry fruit has not been reported in Korea. This study aimed to examine the spoilage fungi occurring in mulberry fruits during storage after harvest. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we isolated postharvest spoilage fungi from mulberry fruits stored in refrigerator (fresh fruits) and deep-freezer (frozen fruits) and identified them. In the phylogenetic analysis based on comparisons of the ITS rDNA sequences, the 18 spoilage fungi isolated from mulberry fruits and the 25 reference sequences were largely divided into seven groups that were subsequently verified by high bootstrap analysis of 73 to 100. Alternaria spp. including A. alternate and A. tenuissima, were the most frequently isolated fungi among the spoilage isolates: its occurrence was the highest among the 18 isolates (38.9%). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will be helpful for increasing the shelf life of mulberry fruits through the application of appropriate control measures against infection by spoilage fungi during storage.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2011

효율적인 메밀 새싹채소의 수확 후 관리방법을 구축하기 위하여, 적정 염소수세와 헹굼, 예냉, 포장 처리를 새싹 재배공장에서 각기 구분하여 실시하고 관행적으로 출고하던 메밀 새싹과 비교하여 이들 처리구의 저장 중 품질특성 변화를 측정하였다. 수확 후 염소수세 및 헹굼 과정을 거친 모든 처리구의 호기성 중온균과 대장균군은 무처리 대조구에 비해 약 1 log cycle 정도 감소하였으나 저장 중 증가하여 처리구간의 차이를 구분할 수 없었다. 무처리 대조구를 포함하여 염소수세, 냉수예냉, PP 용기 밀봉포장 처리구의 생체중량 감소율은 저장기간 중 4% 이하의 낮은 수준을 유지하였다. 저장 중 새싹시료의 수분함량, 가용성 고형분함량, 표면색 등은 유의적인 차이를 확인할 수 없었고, 관능평가 측면에서도 처리구별로 유의차를 구분할 수 없었다. 결과적으로 메밀 새싹의 수확 후 관리공정에서 염소수 소독처리를 통해 오염미생물을 저감시키고, 적절한 헹굼과 예냉과정을 거쳐 기체투과성이 높은 포장재로 밀봉하는 방법을 적용한다면 새싹채소 상품의 유통 중 신선도 유지에 긍정적 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.21-35
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• 2004

Wheat is one of the most important cereal grain in the world, and also the staple next to rice in Korea based on its consumption. Although wheat planted area was dramatically decreased during late two decades in Korea compared to those of 1960s, fortunately there has been a continuous effort in recent to revive the wheat cultivating in this country by the non-government organizations such as Woorimil, Kanong etc. As the resusts, the cultivation area has increased to 3,792ha in 2004 from near zero ha of late 1980s. However there are many a pending problem that has to be solve In near future to enlarge the area more and more. The improvement of the postharvest technologies in wheat is one of the homeworks. This paper presents the numerous technologies that are applied to wheat as it moved from the field to final users. it investigated the technologies for harvesting, drying, storing and handling, insect management, and transporting, and blending in advanced wheat producing country..