• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.37-49
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the COVID-19 related post-traumatic stress, nursing work environments, and the resilience among nurses in Tertiary General Hospitals. Data were collected from 155 nurses who directly cared for COVID-19 patients and were working at the K University D Hospital in D Metropolitan City using an online survey. The SPSS 28.0 program was used for data analysis. Based on the results of the survey, post-traumatic stress showed a significant negative correlation with the nursing work environments(r=-.17, p<.001), and the nursing work environments showed a significant positive correlation with the resilience of nurses(r=.20, p<.001). Through the results of this study, it is necessary to improve the nursing work environments for managing post-traumatic stress, to build an active support system by securing manpower from the government, and to develop and apply intervention programs for improving the resilience of nurses in the COVID-19 situation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.153-169
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• 2024

Purpose: The main goal of this study was to identify the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on grocery purchases (i.e., fresh and processed foods by grain, vegetable, fruit, seafood, and meat categories) in Korea. To understand the specific impact of COVID-19, the study period was divided into 3 segments: PRE-COVID-19, INTER-COVID-19, and POST-COVID-19. Methods: We used the microdata of household income and expenditure from Statistics Korea (KOSTAT), representing households across the country. The data comprised monthly grocery expenditure data from January 2019 to September 2022. First, we compared the PRE-COVID-19 period to INTER-COVID-19 and then INTER-COVID-19 to POST-COVID-19 and used multiple regression analysis. The covariates used were the gender and age of the head of the household, the household's monthly income, the number of family members, the price index, and the month (dummy variable). Results: The expenditures on all grocery categories except fresh fruit increased from PRE-COVID-19 to INTER-COVID-19. From INTER-COVID-19 to POST-COVID-19, almost all grocery category spending declined, with processed meat being the only exception. Most purchases of protein sources, increased during INTER-COVID-19 compared to PRE-COVID-19, while ham/sausage/bacon for meat protein, fish cakes and canned seafood for seafood protein, and soy milk for plant-based protein did not decrease during POST-COVID-19 compared to INTER-COVID-19. Conclusion: These results show an overall increase in in-home grocery expenditure during COVID-19 due to an increase in eating at home, followed by a decrease in this expenditure in the POST-COVID-19 period. Among the trends, the protein and highly processed convenience food categories did not see a decline in spending during the POST-COVID-19 period, which is a reflection of the preferences of consumers in the post-COVID-19 period.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.89-101
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• 2022

COVID-19 is significantly changing consumers' demand and habits. In order to understand consumer characteristics and find effective advertising directions in the post-COVID-19 era, this study set young consumers who are more sensitive to market changes and technological transformation from a subjective perspective of advertising audiences. Through the Q methodology, the advertising development model in the post-COVID-19 era was derived exploratively by examining their cognitive status of advertisements in the post-COVID-19 era. The model consists of three types of advertisements: "demand mining online ads" that value consumer demand and adapt to online shopping paths, "added value creation experiential ads" that value derived value and consumer experiences, and "practical and sentimental value creative ads" based on pragmatism and emotional values. In addition, this study also suggested for the sustainable practice of advertising in the post-COVID-19 era in various aspects, such as "seeking multidimensional values," "expanding consumer experience," and "mining and leading demand.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2024

In order to support the mission of the institution in which they are attached, academic libraries provide services in both manual and digital but COVID -19 pandemic that spanned between March and September, 2020 has changed the scenario. With particular reference to Nigeria, about 249,606 cases were confirmed and in order to curb the scourge of this deadly disease, physical academic activities were prevented by Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). With this development, innovative tools became indispensable tools for successful delivery of library services in Nigerian academic libraries. Whether or not these tools are still in use for reformation of library service during post- Covid era remains unclear, hence, need for this study. This study examined librarians' use of innovative tools for information dissemination in Nigerian academic libraries during the post-Covid era using a descriptive survey design. Data were obtained both in quantitative and qualitative formats from one hundred and forty-four librarians as respondents. A total enumeration sampling technique was adopted because the population was minimal. Findings of the study revealed that innovative tools such as videoconferencing, WhatsApp, teleconferencing, Facebook, LinkedIn, and web-based learning applications are still in use by librarians for the dissemination of information during the post-Covid era. These tools are useful and beneficial to librarians during the post-COVID era, as they facilitate easy participation and engagement of library users in various discussions. Inadequate funding and lack of advanced technology skills were also identified as major impediments to the successful use of innovative tools for information dissemination. As a result, it was suggested that academic libraries throughout Nigeria prioritize staff training on the necessary digital skills needed to cope in this advanced technology era.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.155-162
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• 2022

Even after testing negative for COVID-19, some patients continue to struggle with a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal problems and neurological problems. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined long COVID (Post COVID-19 conditions) as "A disease occurs in individuals with a history of probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, usually 3 months from the onset of COVID-19 with symptoms that last for at least 2 months, that cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis." As a possible pathological mechanism of long COVID, three hypotheses are proposed: the persistence of the infectious state due to the residual virus, the persistent inflammatory response, and the autoimmune response. The main symptoms of long COVID are shortness of breath (dyspnea), abdominal pain and dyspepsia, fatigue, cognitive problems (brain fog), anosmia and dysgeusia, and chest pain, palpitations and tachycardia. In the Chinese guidelines, COVID-19 patients were divided into mild, moderate, severe, and recovery, and prescriptions with effective therapeutic effects were summarized to encourage combined treatment of chinese and western medicine. Globally, only symptomatic therapy is recommended for long COVID, but a specific treatment has not yet been proposed. Recently, morbidity code for post COVID-19 conditions was created, and it is planned to announce guidelines for long COVID treatment and management in the first half of 2023. In line with this trend, the Korean medical community needs to make efforts to prepare treatment guidelines for patients with long COVID.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.32-42
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this case study was to report a patient with Post COVID-19 syndrome treated with Seunggeumjowi-tang based on Sasang Constitutional Medicine. Methods The patient was hospitalized after being diagnosed with COVID-19 and was suffering with post from COVID-19 syndrome such as fatigue and loss of appetite after discharge. The patient was diagnosed as Taeeumin and treated with Seunggeumjowi-tang. The progress was evaluated with the global assessment scale (GAS). Results and Conclusions Fatigue and anorexia were significantly improved, and other symptoms were restored as before. This case shows the possibility of Sasang Constitutional medication treatment for the sequelae of COVID-19.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1208-1218
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to report three cases of post-COVID-19 dry cough that persisted even after taking Western medicine but was successfully treated with Maekmundong-tang. Methods: Three patients who were treated with Maekmundong-tang from March to June 2022 were selected from patients who visited Dong-Eui University Korean Medicine Hospital with post-Covid-19 dry cough. Jeil Maekmundong-tang Ext. granules were used to improve the cough. The effect of the treatment was evaluated using a visual analog scale, cough symptom score, and cough assessment test. Results: After the treatment, Cases 1, 2, and 3 showed decreases from 90 to 30, 65 to 0, and 70 to 20, respectively, for the visual analog scale score, decreases from 9 to 3, 5 to 0, and 5 to 3, respectively, for the cough symptom score, and decreases from 20 to 4, 9 to 1, and 8 to 3, respectively, for the cough assessment test score. Conclusion: Maekmundong-tang provided an effective improvement in the post-COVID-19 dry cough that persisted even after taking Western medicine.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.855-866
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to report clinical improvement in patients who have received Korean medicine treatment for post-COVID-19 conditions. After COVID-19 infection, two people complaining of symptoms, such as fatigue and indigestion, were treated with Korean medicine, such as acupuncture and herbal medicine. The C19-YRS questionnaire and heart rate variability (HRV) were used to assess the treatment outcomes. After treatment, the patients reported improvements in their symptoms on the YRS questionnaire, with some improvement in the HRV test results. According to the results of this study, Korean medicine can be used to treat post-COVID-19 conditions in clinical practice.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.238-246
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of complex rehabilitation with and without acupuncture in a hospital setting. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed at Rehabilitation center "Kamenskoe Plato" in Almaty, Kazakhstan. 160 patients with Post COVID-19 condition were randomly equally divided into an acupuncture with complex rehabilitation methods and a only complex rehabilitation methods group in the period from March 1, 2022 to July 1, 2022. Either groups was performed for an 10-14 days period. The outcome measures were the Bartel index, the Borg scale, Modified Dyspnea Scale and the 6-minute walking test. Adverse events also were monitored and documented. Results: We found statistically significant improvement after the rehabilitation course with acupuncture in the all scales. And in the group without acupuncture, only on two scales: MDS and Borg scale. Conclusion: Rehabilitation with acupuncture is possible and effective in patients recovering from post-COVID-19. Our findings may be useful to guide clinicians taking care of patients with post-COVID-19.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2024

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed physical activities due to social distancing to prevent the spread of infectious disease. The restriction could affect physical activities and serum lipid levels. The purpose of this study is to investigate changes of serum lipid levels and physical activities due to the social distancing between the pre-and-post COVID-19 pandemic on Jeju Island. A total of 5,373 subjects who underwent medical examination at a medical center located on Jeju Island. between May 2018 and December 2021 was enrolled. They were divided into two groups (the pre-COVID-19 vs. the post-COVID-19) based on their medical checkup dates and analyzed about clinical variables between them. Among the clinical variables, the mean age (P<0.014) and the mean levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P=0.039) and total-cholesterol (P<0.001) and the proportions of subjects with abdominal obesity (P<0.001), aerobic exercise (P=0.003) and physical activity (P=0.008) were significantly higher in the post-COVID pandemic than those in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic. Even though the proportions of subjects with physical activity and aerobic exercise were statistically greater in the post-COVID-19 pandemic, those with central obesity and dyslipidemia were significantly higher in the period than before on Jeju Island.