• 미생물학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.170-179
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• 2017

차는 세계적으로 인기있는 음료로 불발효차(녹차), 반발효차(우롱차), 완전발효차(홍차)와 흑차(미생물발효차 or 후발효차)를 포함하고 구분된다. 미생물발효차는 차나무(Camellia sinensis)의 잎을 미생물 발효과정을 통해 제조된다. 삼국시대부터 전해 내려온 청태전은 한국 남해안지역에서 제조되며 돈차 또는 떡차로 불리는 독창적인 한국의 미생물발효차이다. 본 연구에서는 청태전에 우점하는 미생물군집구조 분석을 위해 16S rRNA 유전자를 이용하였다. 청태전에 우점하는 미생물은 ${\gamma}$-proteobacteria에 속하는 Pantoea sp.와 Klebsiella oxytoca가 우점하였다. 미생물 군집크기 분석을 통해 청태전의 미생물 군집크기가 다른 미생물발효차와 비교해 가장 큰 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.135-140
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• 2001

A post-tensioned reinforced concrete slab bridge is analyzed by specially orthotropic laminate theory. Symmetrically reinforced slab with tension and compression steel is considered for convenience of analysis. Each longitudinal and transverse steel layer is regarded as a lamina, and material constants of each lamina is calculated by the use of the rule of mixture. This bridge is under uniformly distributed vertical loads, and axial loads and end moments due to post-tensioning. In this paper, finite difference method is used for numerical analysis of this bridge. Theory and analysis method of specially orthotropic laminate plates used in this paper can be used for design of new bridges, and maintenance and repair of old bridges.

• 산업공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2002

The volume of B2C products rapidly increases according to the activation of the electronic commerce. Small and medium electronic commerce companies request the establishment of Parcel Warehouse &Distribution Center(PWDC) that is invested by the post office. This paper presents an economic evaluation method for PWDC from the perspectives fo PWDC and the post office. Two types of warehouses are considered as alternatives for PWDC. One is the conventional warehouse, and the other is the automamic warehouse that is characterized by AS/RS and automatic dispenser system. A benefit/cost analysis method is used to evaluate PWDC since it has the property of public enterprise. A PWDC which will be located in Seoul and adjacent to a concentrated post office is selected as a case study to illustrate the procedure of economic analysis.

• International Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology Speciallssue:Selected Papers
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2003

This paper presents the results of a post-tensioning test and analysis of a pyramidal unit structure that is basic element for space structures. The behavior characteristics was analyzed and compared with the numerical analysis and the mechanism in test model was confirmed with geometrical analysis. The results of this paper show that the behaviors of space structures can be predicted in multi-directional Mero joint system. And the authors suggest the possibility of erection and shaping formation with comparatively small post-tensioning, and space structure with the mechanism should consider the nonlinear behavior due to large deformation.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제8호
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• pp.32-38
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• 1996

The main focus of this paper is to apply contemporary aesthetics and psychological study with interior design analysis. Up to now, the methodology of interior design analysis has been developed toward a more qualitative way. By the virtue of the perception , congnition , and information theory, which oriented toward a quantitative approach, it became possible to investigate interior space analysis to a more objective and scientific ways. The purpose of this study is to investigate Modern and Post-Modern interior - architectural style with quantitative analytical method. The subjective interior critique studied by intuitive research will be transferred to scientific way by using quantitative formula . Savoye Villa and Guardiola House were selected as study model, because each architectural works ware regarded as masterpieces of Modern and Post-Modern style. These two oppositional style model will be distinguished with mathematical quantity by calculating Iave , Hmax, and Redundancy formula.

• 국제강구조저널
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1470-1481
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• 2018

Building-level response to post-earthquake fire hazards in steel buildings has been assessed using primarily two-dimensional analyses of the lateral force resisting system. This approach may not adequately consider potential vulnerabilities in the gravity framing system. For this reason, three-dimensional (3D) finite element models of a 10-story case study building with perimeter moment resisting frames were developed to analyze post-earthquake fire events and better understand building response. Earthquakes are simulated using ground motion time histories, while Eurocode parametric time-temperature curves are used to represent compartment fires. Incremental dynamic analysis and incremental fire analysis procedures capture a range of hazard intensities. Findings show that the structural response due to earthquake and fire hazards are somewhat decoupled from one another. Regardless of the level of plastic hinging present in the moment framing system due to a seismic event, gravity column failure is the initiating failure mode in a fire event.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2024

본 연구는 금융 분야에서 중요한 증감 정보를 효과적으로 이해하고 감성을 정확하게 분류하기 위한 언어 모델의 학습 방법론을 탐구한다. 연구의 핵심 목표는 언어 모델이 금융과 관련된 증감 표현을 잘 이해할 수 있게 하기 위한 적절한 데이터 세트를 찾는 것이다. 이를 위해, Wall Street Journal에서 수집한 금융 뉴스 문장 중 증감 관련 단어를 포함하는 문장을 선별했고, 이와 함께 적절한 프롬프트를 사용해 GPT-3.5-turbo-1106으로 생성한 문장을 각각 post-training에 사용했다. Post-training에 사용한 데이터 세트가 언어 모델의 학습에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 금융 감성 분석 벤치마크 데이터 세트인 Financial PhraseBank를 통해 성능을 비교하며 분석했으며, 그 결과 금융 분야에 특화된 언어 모델인 FinBERT를 추가 학습한 결과가 일반적인 도메인에서 사전 학습된 모델인 BERT를 추가 학습한 것보다 더 높은 성능을 보였다. 또 금융 뉴스로 post-training을 진행한 것이 생성한 문장을 post-training을 진행한 것에 비해 전반적으로 성능이 높음을 보였으나, 일반화가 더욱 요구되는 환경에서는 생성된 문장으로 추가 학습한 모델이 더 높은 성능을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 개선하고자 하는 부분의 도메인이 사용하고자 하는 언어 모델과의 도메인과 일치해야 한다는 것과 적절한 데이터 세트의 선택이 언어 모델의 이해도 및 예측 성능 향상에 중요함을 시사한다. 연구 결과는 특히 금융 분야에서 감성 분석과 관련된 과제를 수행할 때 언어 모델의 성능을 최적화하기 위한 방법론을 제시하며, 향후 금융 분야에서의 더욱 정교한 언어 이해 및 감성분석을 위한 연구 방향을 제시한다. 이러한 연구는 금융 분야 뿐만 아니라 다른 도메인에서의 언어 모델 학습에도 의미 있는 통찰을 제공할 수 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.109-125
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• 2012

Post-buckling behavior of Timoshenko beams subjected to uniform temperature rising with temperature dependent physical properties are studied in this paper by using the total Lagrangian Timoshenko beam element approximation. The beam is clamped at both ends. In the case of beams with immovable ends, temperature rise causes compressible forces end therefore buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs. It is known that post-buckling problems are geometrically nonlinear problems. Also, the material properties (Young's modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, yield stress) are temperature dependent: That is the coefficients of the governing equations are not constant in this study. This situation suggests the physical nonlinearity of the problem. Hence, the considered problem is both geometrically and physically nonlinear. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved considering full geometric non-linearity by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. The beams considered in numerical examples are made of Austenitic Stainless Steel (316). The convergence studies are made. In this study, the difference between temperature dependent and independent physical properties are investigated in detail in post-buckling case. The relationships between deflections, thermal post-buckling configuration, critical buckling temperature, maximum stresses of the beams and temperature rising are illustrated in detail in post-buckling case.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the post-traumatic stress experiences of firefighters and paramedics. Methods: The participants were 20 fire fighters and paramedics who belong to the Busan Fire Department. Data were collected through in-depth, unstructured audio-taped interviews by the investigator over a six-month period. The participants were asked to describe their post-traumatic stress. The data were analyzed according to Giorgi's method for phenomenological analysis. Results: The interview data were organized by theme into 7 categories that emerged from the analysis. Participants faced various post-traumatic stresses working as fire fighters or paramedics. The categories were suffering from disastrous situations, feeling of fear and helplessness in the face of death, re-experiencing vividly the past traumatic situation, avoiding painful reminders of the trauma, emotional numbing as time passes, suffering from emotional arousal and increased anxiety, and struggling to cope with the post-traumatic stress. Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding of post-traumatic stress experiences from fire fighters and paramedics and the knowledge gained from this study will help in developing appropriate post-traumatic stress management programs.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.514-521
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• 2006

In strengthening structure, the external post-tensioning method which secure clearness in the structure analysis process is adopted to bridge as well as architecture structure. Therefore, the major objective of this study is to investigate the effects and application of external post-tensioning method for steel plate girder bridge. It analyzed the mechanical behaviors of steel plate girder bridge with applying external post-tensioning on the finite element analysis and laboratory test for the dynamic characteristics. As a result, the reinforcement of steel plate girder bridge the external post-tensioning method are obviously effective for the response which is non-reinforced. The analytical and experimental study are carried out to investigate the post-tension force decrease stress and deflection on steel plate girder bridge for serviceability. It is investigated that the change degree of natural frequency is very low with applying the external post-tensioning method. The servicing steel plate girder bridge with external post-tensioning is the reasonable reinforcement measures which could be secured the stability of dynamic behavior and increase a dropped durability.