• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1998

As the result of epidemiological analysis on bovine tuberculosis in Kyonggi province during the last ten years(1987-1996), 1. The annual incidence number of bovine tuberculosis positive farms in Kyonggi province fell down from 81 in 1987 to 14 in 1989. But the incidence is increased since 1990, in 1995 the incidence number was 102 farms of the most incidence. Total number of bovine tuberculosis positive farms were 456 farms(56.7%) in Kyonggi province during the 1987-1996 period. 2. The developmental trends of bovine tuberculosis positive heads was similiar to that of positive farms. Since 1993, the incidence was suddenly increased. Total number of bovine tuberculosis positive heads were 1,015 head(64.3%) in Kyonggi province during the 10 years. 3. Average incidence for rate during the last ten years(1987-1996) was 0.10%. The positive rate was suddenly increased since 1993 and in 1996, the positive rate was 0.23% of the highest incidence. 4. Regional Incidence number of bovine tuberculosis positive heads in Kyonggi province during the last seven years(1990-1996) was the most in Hwasung, Pochon, Pyungtek in order of Incidence and bovine tuberculosis positive density was 1.297% of the highest in Buchon. 5. In 244 farms(82.4%), bovine tuberculosis first occurred during the last seven years (1990-1996) but in farms over second occurrence, the number of bovine tuberculosis positive heads were 520 heads(58.2%).

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2012

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has been used as a major treatment strategy for hematological malignancies. The number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product is a very important factor for achieving successful transplantation. We studied the factors that can predict the number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients after mobilizing them with chemotherapy plus G-CSF. A total of 73 patients (AML 19 patients, MM 28 patients, NHL 26 patients) with hematological malignancies had been mobilized with chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating growth factor from April, 2000 to February, 2012. Group's characteristics, checkup opinion of pre-peripheral blood on the day of harvest & outcome of PBSC were analyzed and evaluated using SPSS statistics program after grouping patients as below; group 1: CD34 cell counts < $2{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=16); group 2: $2{\times}10^6/kg{\leq}CD34$ cell counts < $6{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=32); group 3: CD34 cell counts ${\geq}6{\times}10^6/kg$ (n=25). We analyzed the clinical characteristics, the peripheral blood (PB) parameters and the number of CD34 positive cells in the PB and their correlation with the yield of CD34 positive cells collected from the mobilized patients. The total number of leukapheresis sessions was 263 (mean: 3.55 session per patient), and the mean number of harvested CD34 positive cells per patient was $7.37{\times}10^6/kg$. The number of CD34 positive cells in product was significantly correlated with the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood (P<0.05). The number of PB CD34 positive cells was the best significant factor for the quantity of harvested CD34 positive cells on the linear regression analysis (P<0.05). Many factors could influence the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells. Platelet count and PB CD34 positive cells count were the two variables which remained to be significant in multivariate analysis. Therefore, the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood on the day of harvest can be used as an accurate predictor for successful peripheral blood stem cell collection.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1988

This experiment were carried out to study the heritability, genotypic, pheno-typic and environmental correlation in four edible oil crops. Heritabilities of flowering date, maturing date, plant height and weight of 1, 000 grains in rape were high. A highly significant positive correlation was found between flowering date and maturing date, plant hight and ear length, number of pods per ear and flowering date, maturing date and plant hight, The number of seed per pod showed also significant positive correlation with flowering or maturing date as well as with the relationship between weight of 1, 000 grains and plant height or ear length inrapeseed, respectively. Heritabilities of maturing date, length of stem with eapsule and number of seed per capsule were high, in sesame. Genotypic correlation between plant height and length of stem with capsule, length of stem with capsule and number of capsule per plant, number of capsule per plant and weight of 1, 000 grains, weight of 1, 000 grains and yield were highy positive in sesame. Heritabilities of flowering date, length of main stem, weight of 100 grains and number of shells per square meter in peanut were high, There was positive genotypic correlation between length of main stem and yield, number of shells per quare meter and matured seed ratio, number of shells per square meter and yield, 100 grains weight and yield. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation appeared between flowering date and yield. Heritabilities of days to flowering, stem length, stem diameter and weight of 1, 000 grains in perila were high. There was positive genotypic correlation between stem length and stem diameter, number of pods per plant, stem weight etc, between number of internodes and number of pods per plant, stem weight, number of valid branches and number of pods plant as well, respectively. While, a significant negative correlation was observed between number of valid branches and weight of 1, 000 grains, between number of pods per plant and weight of 1, 000 grains.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Panax ginseng Radix herb-acupuncture on c-fos expression in each area of the hippocampus of acutely ethanol-intoxicated rats. Methods : Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley tats were divided into untreated(normal), ethanol-treated(control), Panax ginseng Radix-treated(sample A), ethanol-and Panax gingseng Radix-treated(sample B) groups. Each group was evaluated by the changes of c-fos-positive neurons in each area of the hippocampus by using and image analyzer and microscope. Results : 1. In the CA1 area, the number of c-fos-positive neurons in the control group was diminished compared with the normal group. The number of c-fos-positive neurons in the sample B group had no marked difference from the control group. 2. In the CA2-3 area, the number of c-fos-positive neurons in the control group was diminished compared with the normal group, The number of c-fos-positive neurons in the sample B group was increased compared with the control group. 3. In the Dentate gyrus area, the number of c-fos-positive neurons in the control group was diminished compared with the normal group. The number of c-fos-positive neurons in the sample B group was increased compared with the control group. Conclusions : These results indicate that, c-fos expression in each area of the hippocampus was reduced in ethanol-intoxicated group. Treatment of Panax ginseng Radix herb-acupuncture increased this diminution. Panax ginseng Radix could be able to effect on the prevention of the amnesia and learning disability in alcoholism.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.2149-2154
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• 2017

In this paper, we obtain a simple lower bound for the number of positive (resp. negative) crossings in oriented link diagrams in terms of the maximal (resp. minimal) degree of the Jones polynomial.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.133-139
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• 1984

In the 2,218 healthy cases-male 1,574 female 644-who were conducted serum examination from May 1st 1983 to November 1st 1983 by the medical selection of Dae Han Kyouk life insurance Co., the results which investigated the HBsAg by using the Reverse Passive Hemagglutination(RPHA) method are as follows; 1. The number of 167 from 2,218 cases proved to be positive, showing 7.52%, the number of 143 from 1,574 male positive, showing 9.08%, and the number 24 from 644 female positive, showing 3.73%. The positive rate of the male was indicated by 5.36% higher than that of the female as the former marked 2.4 times higher distribution than the latter. 2) The positive rate by the type of occupations appears as follows; The highest positive rate group is that of discharger from military service in 1983, the number of 70 from 736 persons marking 9.51% and the next is the merchant 8.79%(8/91), employee of a company markes 8.53%(44/516), high school boy 7.69%(19/247), house wife 5.71%(10/210), carrier woman 3.45%(10/290) and the group of the high school girl records the minimum rate of all, 3.13%(4/128). 3. The positive rate by the age group appears as follows; The highest rate group is that of 31 to 35 years, marking 9.80% positive rate, and the next is $26{\sim}30$(9.3%), $21{\sim}25$(8.01%), $41{\sim}45$(6.96%), $36{\sim}40$(6.9%), those below 20(5.99%), 46 to 50 years shows the minimum rate of all(2.94%) Among the male case, 26 to 30 years shows the highest positive rate by 10.59% and female, 31 to 35 years shows the highest rate by 7.89%. 4. The positive rate by the blood type represents as follows; Blood type A shows 7.30%, type B 7.17%, type O 6.11% and type AB indicates 5.88% in order.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 2008

Objectives & Methods : This study was to investigate effect of low frequency electroacupuncture on NADPH-d positive neurons in the brain cortex of rat with adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis. Experimental groups were divided into 6 groups ; Normal, Control, $ST_{36}$, $SP_9$, $ST_{36}+SP_9$ and Non-Acupoint. Normal group, non-arthritic group, was injected normal saline, and the other groups were injected FCA. Each acupoint groups were treated by 2Hz electroacupuncture at each acupoints and NA group was treated by 2Hz electroacupuncture at non-acupoint. Each groups were evaluated by the number of NADPH-d positive neurons in primary somatosensory area(S1), secondary somatosensory area(S2), motor area and caudate putamen by using an image analyzer and a microscope. Results : 1. In S1, the number of NADPH-d positive neuron cells in the $ST_{36}$ group were significantly(p<0.05) increased compared with the control group. 2. In S2, the number of NADPH-d positive neuron cells in all electroacupuncture groups were not significantly changed compared with the control group. 3. In motor area, the number of NADPH-d positive neuron cells in $ST_{36}$ group, $SP_9$ group, NA group were significantly(p<0.05) increased compared with the control group. 4. In Caudate putamen, the number NADPH-d positive neuron cells in all electroacupuncture groups were significantly(p<0.05) decreased compared with the control group. Conclusions : Our result demonstrated that low frequency electroacupuncture on $ST_{36}$ & $SP_9$ normalized expression of NADPH-d positive neurons in the brain cortex of the rheumatoid arthritis model in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the correlation between the visual analog scale (VAS) and the rate of change in the respiration patterns according to the result of Lumbar Instability Tests (LITs) in young people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) METHODS: Thirty-six adults, aged 20-40 years with CLBP, participated in this study. The general characteristics and VAS of the participants were recorded by the subjects themselves and seven structure and functional LITs were conducted. According to the positive response number, the positive group was divided into four groups (group 1: n=8, group 2: n=9, group 3: n=10, group 4: n=9). The breathing pattern change tests were performed in three states: during forced breathing exercise and motor control tests. A total of 13 positive lists were set, each of which was scored by 1 or 2 points according to the severity. After the positive lists were scored, the breathing pattern changing rate (BPCR) and VAS were compared according to the positive response number of LITs, and the correlation between them was analyzed. RESULTS: A strong correlation was observed between the number of positive of LITs and BPCR (r= .863, p= .000) and a moderate correlation between the positive number of LITs and VAS (r= .508, p= .002). In addition, there was a poor correlation between the BPCR and VAS (r= .434, p= .008). CONCLUSION: In young CLBP people, when the structural and functional instability are both present, the changes in the respiratory pattern of the whole body can be varied and broader, and the pain scale also increases.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.148-162
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is not only to examine the negative functions of alcohol, but also to examine the positive functions and look at it with a balanced perspective. Methods : We investigated the number of times the word "酒"(alcohol) appears in 《Hwangjenaegyeong》 and 《Gyeongakjeonseo》. The meaning of alcohol was divided into seven categories. The number of positive and negative functions of alcohol was counted and the ratio was calculated. Results : 1. In the 《Hwangjenaegyeong》, the word alcohol appears 23 times, of which 9 times has positive functions, 10 times has negative functions, and the remaining 4 times does not correspond anywhere. The ratio of positive functions is 39.13% and negative functions 43.48%. 2. In the 《Gyeongakjeonseo》, the word alcohol appears 1,487 times, of which 1,140 times (76.66%) has positive functions, and 327 times (21.99%) has negative functions. Conclusions : 1. In 《Hwangjenaegyeong》, the number of comments about positive and negative functions of alcohol is similar. 2. 《Gyeongakjeonseo》 has commented a lot about the positive functions of alcohol. However, it has more mentions to negative functions of alcohol except for those related to herbs and prescriptions (48 to 64 chapter). 3. It is somewhat unreasonable to judge the emphasis on the positive and negative function of alcohol according to the number of references to alcohol in oriental medicine classics. But in these books, we can find a balanced approach between the two sides, not a one-sided biased view. 4. From a curative point of view, it is desirable to know and to use the positive and negative functions of alcohol, and drink alcohol as appropriate control.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.527-540
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• 1998

In the teacher's guide of mathematics textbook for the 1st grade of the middle school, the clear and logical reason why the multiplication of negative number to negative number makes positive number, and $a^{-m}$ with a>0 and m>0, is defined by ${\frac{1}{a^m}}$ is not given. When we define the multiplication or the power by successive addition or successive multiplication of the same number, respectively, we encounter this ambiguity, in the case that the number of successive operations is negative, In this paper, we name this number, negative counting number, and we make the following more logical and intuitive definition, which is "negatively many successive operations is defined by positively many successive inverse operations." According to this new definition, we define the multiplication by the successive addition or the successive subtraction of the same number, when the multiplier is positive or negative respectively, and the power by the successive multiplication or the power is positive or negative, respectively. In addition, using this new definition and following the E.R.S Instruction strategy which revised and complemented the Bruner's E.I.S Instruction strategy, we develope new teaching model available in the 1st grade class of middle school where the concept of integers, three operations of integers are introduced.ntroduced.