• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1357-1361
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• 2005

This study investigated the effect of porphyran drink extracted from Porphyra yezoensis on serum and liver cholesterol contents in hypercholesterolemic rats. We divided rats into 5 diet groups; normal diet, control diet fed high cholesterol diet, $1\%$ porphyran drink diet with control diet $(1\%\;PD),\;2\%$ porphyran drink diet with control diet $(2\%\;PD),\;3\%$ porphyran drink diet with control diet ($3\%$ PD). Food intake was not significantly different among groups, but weight gain was significantly lower in porphyran drink group $(1\%,\;3\%)$ than control group. Liter weight was significantly lower in $3\%$ porphyran drink group than control group. Serum triglyceride and total cholesterol contents were significantly lower in porphyran drink group than control group. Serum HDL-cholesterol contents was elevated as porphyran drink intake level increased. Hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations were significantly decreased in porphyran drink group compared to control diet. These results suggested that addition of porphyran drink in hypercholesterolemic rats has an effect on the improvement of serum and liver cholesterol.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.235-239
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• 1973

Studies were made on the sugars composition in dried lavers (Porphyra yezoensis Ueda) and changes in the contents of sugars during the storage under a dry and a humid conditions respectively. 1) No notable difference was observed in the glucose content between those dried lavers samples, which were stored under dry and humid conditions. Galactose content showed little change under a dry condition, but under a humid condition rapidly increased to a maximum of about ten times of its initial amount and then decreased gradually. 2) The content of floridoside rapidly decreased under a humid condition while slowly decreased under a dry condition, of which tendency is a contrast to that of galactose. 3) One of the unidentified components, which is deduced to be isofloridoside, showed a fluctuation pattern, which bears resemblance to that of floridoside.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.23-23
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• 2003

김 붉은갯병은 김 엽체에 난균류 Pythium속의 Pythium porphyrae의 기생에 의해 발생되어 매년 김 양식에 큰 피해를 주는 매우 심각한 김 갯병중의 하나이다. 최근에는 이들 병해의 발생 및 억제를 위한 김 산처리제 (활성처리제) 남용에 따른 연안 양식어장의 생태계 파괴 및 김의 자연식품에 대한 이미지 훼손 등의 문제점이 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 김 양식시 발생되는 붉은갯병의 병해를 억제하고자 활성처리제 처리시 고염분해수 처리를 병용함으로써 활성처리제의 사용을 최소화하면서 처리효과를 배가시키고자 하였다. 시험에 사용한 김 엽체는 2002년 10월에 전라남도 해남군 황산면 지선에서 채묘한 방사무늬김 (Porphyra yezoensis)을 육묘해 엽장 1cm 내외에서 냉동망을 제작하여 -2$0^{\circ}C$에 저장한 엽체를 자연해수 (약 27$\textperthousand$), 15$^{\circ}C$, 100$\mu$mol photon m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, 광주기 9L : 15D의 배양조건하에서 15일간 배양한 엽장 3-4cm 정도의 것이었다. 활성처리제와 고염분해수처리제의 병용에 의한 붉은 갯병 억제효과는 붉은갯병 병원균의 유주자를 김 엽체에 감염시킨 후 27$\textperthousand$의 자연해수에 12일간 배양하면서 염분농도를 3-25%, 처리주기를 1-2회로 하여 각 시험구별 병해정도로 평가하였다. 고염분해수 처리에 의한 붉은갯병균 균사의 생장억제 효과는 김 엽체를 붉은갯병 병원균의 유주자로 감염시킨 다음 감염 12시간 후 염분농도를 3-25%로 처리한 후 27$\textperthousand$의 자연해수에 4일간 배양하면서 각 시험구별 배양시간에 따른 병원균 균사에 의한 김 엽체의 감염세포수로 평가하였다. 활성처리제와 고염분해수처리제의 병용이 김 엽체 생장에 미치는 영향은 건전한 김 엽체의 절편을 27$\textperthousand$의 자연해수에 배양하면서 시험구별로 활성처리와 고염분해수 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25%) 처리를 3일 간격으로 하면서 12일간 배양한 후 엽체의 엽면적 증가율로 평가하였다. 활성처리제와 고염분해수처리제의 병용에 의한 붉은갯병의 억제효과는 대조구 (활성처리 1회)와 비교해 주 2회의 활성처리구와 염분농도 20, 25% 처리구에서 병해 억제효과가 월등히 높았다. 고염분해수 처리에 의한 붉은갯병균 균사의 생장억제 효과는 염분농도 5, 10% 처리구의 경우 무처리구에 가까운 감염세포수를 보였으나, 염분농도 20, 25% 처리구의 경우 활성처리제 처리와 비슷한 감염세포수를 보여 뚜렷한 생장 억제효과를 나타냈다. 활성처리와 고염분해수 처리의 병용이 김 엽체 생장에 미치는 영향은 대조구 (활성처리 1회)의 3.4배 생장율과 활성처리와 염분농도 5-20%의 고염분해수 병용 처리구의 3.1-3.6배 생장율은 유의한 생장차이를 보이지 않았다 (P<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.826-833
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• 2008

The effects of porphyran-chungkookjang on cytotoxicity of human normal cell line (BJ) and human cancer cell lines (AGS and HT-29) were examined. Porphyran, which was prepared from laver (Porphyra yezoensis), decreased the viability of the cancer cells, however, it did not affect the viability of normal cells. Porphyranchungkookjang was prepared by the addition of 5% (w/w) porphyran into chungkookjang which was fermented by starter, Bacillus subtilis DJI. The cytotoxicity effects of the chungkookjang and porphyran-chungkookjang were evaluated with MTT assay. The methanol and the water extract of porphyran-chungkookjang at 1.0 mg/mL showed $23{\sim}38%$ decreases in proliferation of cancer cells (AGS and HT-29). However, the methanol and the water extracts of porphyran-chungkookjang did not inhibit the growth of normal cell. Moreover, the methanol extract of porphryan-chungkookjang at 1.0 mg/mL showed $1.2{\sim}1.5$ fold higher anticancer effects than that of the chungkookjang.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.476-483
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• 1993

The moisture sorption characteristics of commercially produced seasoned dried layer (Porphyra yezoensis) was investigated by measuring sorption isotherms. The laver and two kinds of desiccant (silica gel and zeolite based desiccant) were used at temperatures of 30, 40 and 5$0^{\circ}C$ respectively using the method of saturated salt solution. Time to reach the equilibrium moisture content at each temperature and relative humidity varied from 4~6hr for the laver to 20~25hr for the silica gel and 43~46hr for the zeolite. The isotherms of the layer and the desiccants showed the characteristic sigmoidal curve. Monomolecular layer moisture content calculated using the BET equation at each temperature (30, 40, 5$0^{\circ}C$) were 5.26, 4.46 and 3.49% (d.b.) for the laver, 17.32, 15.24 and 12.89% (d.b.) for the silica gel, 16.89, 14.92 and 14.44% (d.b.) for the zeolite, respectively, Both desiccants showed higher values of the monomolecular layer moisture content than the laver. In all cases, the monomolerular layer moisture contents were decreased linearly as the temperature was increased in the experimental ranges. Water vapor transmission rate of the packaged material was also influenced by the temperature, which could be explained by the Arrhenius equation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.323-327
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• 2014

This study was carried out to provide basic data on the anion, element, chromatic and antioxidant activities of commercial dried lavers cultivated from Seocheon, Wando, Goheung and Busan in Korea. The highest concentrations of several anions ($Cl^-$, $NO_3{^-}$, $SO_4{^2-}$, and $PO_4{^3-}$ per 100 g of dried laver) were 412.00 mg in Wando, 545.90 mg in Goheung, 297.35 mg in Seocheon, and 79.70 mg in Wando, respectively. The highest concentrations of N, C, and S were 6.40%, 41.36%, and 0.98%, respectively, in dried laver cultivated from Wando. Hunter's color values were significantly high in the order of Seocheon < Goheung < Busan < Wando for lightness, Wando < Busan < Goheung < Seocheon for redness, and Goheung < Seocheon < Busan < Wando for yellowness in the dried lavers. Total phenolic content and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activities showed highest values of 166.10 mg/100 g and 28.48%, respectively, in dried laver cultivated from Wando.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.231-234
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• 1973

Dried lavers, Porphyra yezoensis Ueda, were stored at $20^{\circ}C$ for 10, 25 and 45 days under a dry and humid conditions respectively, and changes in the contents of organic acids were studied by GLC and supplementary use of GC-MS. 1) Out of eight acids determined, i. e., pyruvic, lactic, oxalic, malonic, fumaric, succinic, malic, and citric acid, relatively abundant ones were oxalic, succinic, malic, and citric acid. 2) Oxalic, malic, and succinic acid did not show any notable changes in their contents under a dry condition, however, under a humid condition the contents of the former tow acids decreased rapidly showing contrast to that of succinic acid, of which content increased markedly. The content of citric acid rapidly· decreased independent of the storage conditions. 3) Among some unidentified components, two of them were presumed to be aromatic acids from their mass spectra. The contents of the two acids decreased slowly under a dry condition, however, rapidly decreased under a humid condition and after 45 days storage almost all of them disappeared. 4) The contents of total volatile acids were increased under the both storage conditions, however, the rate of increment was larger under a humid than under a dry condition.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.355-360
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• 1997

In order to investigate the influence of photosensitized oxidation in the sun-dried irish moss (Chondrus Ocellatus), laver (Porphyra Yezoensis) and ultra violet irradiated oyster (Crassostrea gigas) the oxidation of lipid and isomers of hydroperoxides were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The lipid contents of oyster, irish moss and layer were $2.7\%,\;0.1\%,\;0.1\%$ of respectively. Peroxide value, 56,7 meq/kg in the raw oyster was increased of 100.9 meq/kg by the U.V, irradiation for 4 hours. Also the peroxide values of the irish moss and laver were increased by the sun-drying. In the identification of hydroperoxides isomers by trimethylsily (TMS) derivative of photo-oxidized lipid from oyster, irish moss and laver, the proportions of positional isomer, 9-OOH and 13-OOH were dominant than those 10-OOH and 12-OOH.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.947-953
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• 2002

Two types of electronic nose were used for investigating the quality of dried lavers stored at 5, 15, and $30^{\circ}C$ RH of 32, 43, and 75%. The electronic nose is composed of metal oxide sensors, and GC is based on SAW sensor. Quality change in dried lavers was described in terms of the sensitivities $(R_{gas}/R_{air})$ of the sensors. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out using data obtained from six metal oxide sensors. The first principal component scores were correlated with quality changes of dried lavers. As storage time increased, the stored laver cluster separated from that of fresh lavers. A chromatogram was obtained from GC based on SAW sensor. Olfactory image, A $VaporPrint^{TM}$ image for pattern recognition, showed a significant difference between the stored and the fresh samples. Dried lavers during storage at $30^{\circ}C$ and 75% had bacterial counts of $5.7{\times}10^6\;CFU/g$ after 8 day. Increase of microbial count correlated with the response of electronic nose $(r^2=0.87)$. Whereas, color values showed no correlation.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.581-586
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• 1998

The present study was conducted to prepare seaweed extracts suppressing mutagenic activity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine ( PhIP ) ana 2-amino-3,8-dimethylmidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) derived from cooked meat produce. The tumor initiation activity of PhIP and MeIQx was assayed with Ames method using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S-9 mixtures before and after addition of methanol-solubles of seaweed, such as, Phaeophyta; Undaria pinnatifida, Ecklonia stolonifera Ecklonia cava, Laminaia japonica Sargassum fulvellum, Sargassum hornezi, Sargassum miyabei, Sargassum thunbergii, Agarum cribrosum and Hizikia fusifomis, Rhodophpei Porphyra yezoensis, Grateloupia eiliptiut Lomentraria catenata, Ploemium telfairiae and Glarilaria verrucosa, Chlorophyta; Codium fragile, Enteromorpha compresa and Ulva pertusa. Among seaweed tested, Phaeophyta was shown the higher desmutagenic activity than Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta. E. stolonifera, E. cava and S. miyabei, among Phaeophyta exerted the stronger desmutagenic activity (above $90\%$/2 mg). The ethyl acetate, diethyl ether and chlomform extracts except water extracts from E. stolonifera exhibited a high desmutagenic activity. The ethyl acetate extract of E. stolonifera which showed highest activity was fractionated with Sephadex LH20 column chromatography to give active fraction A-7, which showed desmutagenicity of $90\%$/mg against PhIP and $80\%$/mg against MeIQx. The active fraction had the absorbance at 207.7 and 232nm.