• 농촌계획
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to show the relation of the change between spacial structure and social conditions of rural area. The spacial structure change of Asan city was analyzed using Space Syntax, and multiple regression analysis (dependent variables: connectivity, global integration, local integration / independent variables: population, household, farm population, farm population of 65years old and over, farm household, part-time farm households, cultivated land) was accomplished. As th result, that the increase of connectivity is related to the increase of population and farm population of 65years old and over and the decrease of farm population, and the increase of local integration is related to the increase of farm population of 65years old and over was showed. However, that global integration is not related to change of social conditions was proved.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 1989

This study analyzes the structural characteristics of rapid changes in Korean population, using the data of a census and other data on the changes in the population. Major findings are : 1. During 1950~1955, annual increase rate of population was about 1.02%, about 2.88% during 1955~1960, and 1.36% during 1980~1985. It is expected to decrease to 0.07% during 2015~2020. 2. Major Age Composition 0~14 is expected to reduce to 16.5% in 2020 from 41.2% in 1955, while the ratio of population aged 15~64 is expected to increase to 72.1% from 55.5%. Furthermore, for the population group of age 65 and over is expected to increase from a mere 3.3% to 11.4%. 3. The aging index of population is expected to increase to 69.5 in 2020 from 8.0 in 1955 and so the old dependency ratio is expected to 15.9 from 6.0 4. The median age is expected to 40.2 in 2020 from 19.0 in 1955. 5. In 2020 the child-woman ratio is expected to reduce to 22.3 from 64.7 in 1955. 6. In 2020 the age index of 0~4 is expected to 57.4 from 169.4 in 1955, and the age index of 65~69 to 261.7 from 95.6 on the contrary.

• 한국인구학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.20-46
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• 1985

The increase of the population has an effect on the increase of students. The high birthrate, which means the extension of enrollments in the future, requires preparation of enough facilities and equipment for education. However, the educational conditions of Korea are not yet developed, and in such a situation the increase of enrollments makes the improvement of educational conditions difficult. Besides, the influx of students into the large cities has made complex educational problems such as a decrease of students in the rural area and a change for the worse of the educational conditions in the urban area. For the development of education in such a situation, an emphasis should be put not only on security of a stable educational finance but also on activation of family planning project and curb of population influx into large cities in the realm of population policy. In addition, population education for the youth should be strengthened in order that they can have sound view of family life, married life, children, and sex moral. For the way the young married live has relationship with the number and quality of children in the future of our nation.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2019

Purpose - With rapid population aging in Korea, changes in the population structure will result in a rise in the fiscal burden. This paper investigates the effects of population aging on fiscal spending based on Korea's province data and country panel data from the OECD. Research design, data, and methodology - We use province-level fiscal data from Local Finance Integrated Open System and the Korean Statistical Information Service and also collect country panel data from the OECD. To investigate the relationship between population aging and fiscal expenditures, our analysis uses the fixed effects model. Results - The empirical analysis based on Korean local finance and country panel data show that population aging has a positive impact on social welfare expenditures and it also has a positive impact on spending related to children and the elderly, implying that population aging may lead to an increase in fiscal spending via an increase in social welfare expenditures and spending related to children and the elderly. Conclusion - These empirical results suggest that countries like Korea that expect to experience rapid population aging need to pay more attention to prepare for the expected increase in age-related spending in the near future.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2007

This paper develops a Sustainable Regional Economic Growth Model (SREG) which estimates the relation of labor population change and employment increase in each occupation and maximum limits and minimum requirements of employment increase by labor population change in a specified region using multiplier theory. To develop the proposed model, sustainable regional economic growth is defined as a steady increase of labor population over a long term period and the limit of employment increase is defined as the estimated labor population change in the region with no need for commutation from the surrounded areas. Developed model was applied to 67 county in Pennsylvania State and the results revealed that the investment in infrastructure occupations, such as transportation, warehousing, utilities, information, communication, and other public utilities, maximizes the effects for increasing employment, whereas finance, insurance, and real estate occupations have minimum effects for increasing employment. Calculated minimum requirements of occupations show that infra-structure occupations is a critical factor for labor population change and maximum limits of occupations show that agriculture and finance occupations are difficult to increase independently.

• 한국인구학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 1981

• 한국인구학
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.269-292
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• 2006

오늘날 환경문제는 범지구적이며 인류의 생존 자체를 위협할 만큼 심각하다. 산업화가 환경문제 발생의 근원적 원인이다. 그러나 자연관 자연에 대한 지식 증가, 기술개발, 경제성장과 불평등, 인구 등 산업화의 과정 또는 결과로 인해 초래되는 개별 요소들도 환경문제 발생의 중요한 원인들로 지적되고 있다. 특히 인구를 환경문제 발생의 한 원인으로 보는 관점은 적정인구의 초과를 주장하고 있다. 그 이유는 인구가 지탱되는 데 필요한 의식주의 자원은 전적으로 자연에 의존하고 있고, 풍요롭고 편리한 의식주를 위한 재화와 용역의 생산, 유통, 소비 과정에서 배출되는 폐기물도 모두 자연으로 되돌아가는데 오늘날 인구수는 자연이 감당할 수 있는 자원공급과 폐기물 흡수 처리용량을 초과하고 있기 때문이다. 그러나 몇 명이 적정인구인가에 관한 연구는 국내외적으로 아직 없다. 이런 맥락에서 본 연구는 환경 측면에서 한국이 수용가능한 적정인구를 두 차원에서 추계하였다. 하나는 환경상태 및 이와 관련된 변인들에 기초한 추계이고, 다른 하나는 국민들이 바람직하다고 생각하는 환경상태와 이와 관련된 변인들에 기초한 추계이다. 전자는 객관적 상태에 기초한 추계이고, 후자는 사회적 합의에 의한 추계라고 할 수 있다. 객관적 상태에 의한 최소 적정인구는 약 4,749만 명으로 추계되었고, 사회적 합의에 의한 적정인구는 4,850만 명으로 추계되었다. 그러나 정부환경예산을 2.00%로 증액시키면 수용가능한 적정인구는 5,046만 명으로 증가한다. 이처럼 적정인구는 변인들의 값에 따라 증감한다. 적정인구 결정에 가장 강한 영향을 주는 변인이 정부의 환경예산이고, 다음으로 청정에너지공급 등이다. 그러나 본 연구는 1993년부터 2002년까지 10년간 시계일 자료에 기초한 적정인구 추계이기 때문에 다른 연도의 시계열 자료에 기초하면 적정인구 추계모형이 달라지고, 그 결과 적정인구수도 다르게 추계될 수 있다.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

This study examines the relationship between population growth and carbon dioxide emissions in the context of Africa perspective. Population growth and carbon dioxide emissions helped identify the key driving forces of environmental impacts by including other predictors in all the different income levels of all sampled countries in Africa. To explore the role of population growth in the emissions of carbon dioxide, this research employed a panel data set of 52 Africa countries from 1960 to 2012 using fixed effects, random effects and GLS/FGLS estimators to estimate the modified STIRPAT model. The results found that a 1% increase in population growth suggests an increase in carbon dioxide emission loads by about 0.33%, 1.08%, 0.57% and 2.32% on the average, controlling for all other anthropogenic driving forces, for LICA, LMICA, UICA and HICA respectively. There is a significant relationship between population growth and carbon dioxide emissions in all the national income levels in Africa.

• 한국인구학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.82-98
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• 1987

The urban population in Asia more than doubled between 1960 and 1985, growing by 3.0 percent per annum on average. Yet during that period, the proportion of the total population living in urban areas increased only from 21 to 27 percent. This seeming paradox is explained by the relatively high rates of rural population growth in Asia, which averaged 1.8 percent over the same period. The Republic of Korea has experienced the most rapid rate of urbanization in Asia during the past century. The proportion urban jumped from 28 percent in 1960 to 65 percent in 1985. There is a clear association between economic growth and the pace of urbanization in Asia. Currently natural increase accounts for about 60 percent of urban growth, but the speed of urbanization is projected to increase after 1990, and migration, reclassification and annexation will comprise about half of urban growth, Seoul is currently the fourth largest urban agglomeration in Asia, and its population is projected to be over 13 million by the end of the century. It is argued that policies to deconcentrate urban population will not be generally successful in Asia and that governments should attempt to manage the growth of large metropolitan areas more efficiently.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2017

The study makes an attempt to investigate the causal nexus between carbon dioxide emissions, GDP per capita, industrialization and population with an evidence from Rwanda by employing a time series data spanning from 1965 to 2011 using the autoregressive distributed lag model. Evidence from the study shows that carbon dioxide emissions, GDP per capita, industrialization and population are co-integrated and have a long-run equilibrium relationship. Evidence from the Granger-causality shows a unidirectional causality running from industrialization to GDP per capita, population to carbon dioxide emissions, population to GDP per capita and population to industrialization. Evidence from the long-run elasticities has policy implications for Rwanda; a 1% increase in GDP per capita will decrease carbon dioxide emissions by 1.45%, while a 1% increase in industrialization will increase carbon dioxide emissions by 1.64% in the long-run. Increasing economic growth in Rwanda will therefore reduce environmental pollution in the long-run which appears to support the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. However, industrialization leads to more emissions of carbon dioxide, which reduces environment, health and air quality. It is noteworthy that the Rwandan Government promotes sustainable industrialization, which improves the use of clean and environmentally sound raw materials, industrial process and technologies.