• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2008

Larvae of the long-tailed clawed salamander, Onychodactylus fischeri, have a relatively long larval period, spending a year or more within the stream where they hatch; therefore, a well-established larval population could be critical for the conservation of adult populations. To study the population dynamics of long-tailed clawed salamander larvae, we surveyed a field population once or twice a month from September, 2005 to June, 2006, and determined the age of larval clawed salamanders collected from three different populations in October, 2004 using skeletochronology. The age of long-tailed clawed salamander larvae ranged from 0 to 3 years. New recruitment of larvae in the population primarily occurred in November, 2005, and mid-March, 2006. Larvae with a snout-vent length of more than 30 mm disappeared from the streams in September, 2005, suggesting that two to three year-old clawed salamander larvae metamorphosed during this period.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.2528-2534
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 106개 국가 간 통계자료를 사용해 인구구조의 변화와 교육투자의 효율성 간의 관계를 검토했다. 선행연구에 기초해 전체인구 대비 청소년층 인구비율과 교육투자의 효율성과 간에는 음(-)의 관계가 존재하는 반면, 노인층 인구비율과 교육투자의 효율성 간에는 양(+)의 관계가 존재한다는 가설을 설정했다. 실증분석 결과 이상의 가설은 표본이나 모형의 선택에 상관없이 성립하는 것으로 추정됐다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 고령화와 저출산으로 인해 생산가능인구 감소가 심각한 사회문제로 인식되고 있는 우리나라와 같은 국가의 경우 보다 교육비지출이 효율적으로 이뤄져야 하며, 교육성과를 극대화하기 위한 제도적 장치를 마련해야 한다는 시사점을 제공한다.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.73-81
• /
• 2009

멸종위기종 금개구리 (Rana chosenica)개체군의 존속 가능성을 알아보고 효과적인 보전 대책의 마련과 야생복귀 방법을 개발하기 위하여 충북 청원군에 서식하는 개체군을 대상으로 개체군생존분석을 실시하였다. 해당 금개구리의 개체군은 30년간 1,000회의 시뮬레이션을 통해 0.113의 낮은 성장률을 가지고 존속해 나갈 것이라 예측이 되었으나 절멸가능성 또한 81.1%로 매우 높아 환경적으로 민감한 특징을 가지고 있었다. 금개구리 개체군의 개체군 성장률과 절멸가능성은 변태율의 변화에 대해 가장 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 금개구리의 야외 개체군을 안정적으로 유지하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 금개구리 유생이 변태할 때까지의 생존율을 높이는 것이 결정적이라는 것을 의미한다. 항아리곰팡이병이나 개구리바이러스와 같은 질병이 발병할 경우 개체군의 절멸확률이 100%로 예측되었다. 절멸 개체군의 야생개체군 복원의 방법으로는 수컷의 비율을 83%, 투여개체들의 나이구조가 정상분포를 보이는 100마리의 개체군을 200마리를 수용할 수 있는 지역에 복귀를 시키고, 4년 후 2년 단위로 10년 후까지 10%씩 보충하는 방법이 가장 안정된 개체군을 복원, 유지하는 방법으로 나타났으며, 이 복원된 개체군의 경우 지속적으로 금개구리의 유생이 변태할 때까지의 생존율을 높일 수 있는 보호대책이 마련된다면 성장률 0.297, 절멸가능성 0.290을 갖는 안정된 개체군을 30년 후 138마리까지 유지할 수 있을 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과들은 금개구리 개체군의 보전과 재도입을 위한 효과적인 전략수립의 근거로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.13-26
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to investigate community health status and related factors using community health and social indicators. Method: Data sources were reviewed and data for 10 categories, 75 indicators were collected. Community health status and health-related factors were categorized, and the means and standard deviation of individual indicators were obtained and standardized scores were calculated. In addition, through factor analysis of individual indicators by category using the scores and using the resultant factor coefficients as weights, indexes were calculated by area. Correlation and regression were analyzed. Result: Each indicator was highly correlated with each index, and the indexes were highly correlated with one another. Correlation coefficients were above 0.8 between community health index and population, education, housing, and economy, between population and education, housing and economy, between education and housing and economy, and between housing and economy, environment and industry. But multicollinearity was not found in the result. Significant factors on community health index were population, health personnel and facilities, education, housing and economy, and R-square were 92.4%. Conclusion: Health determinants such as population, health personnel and facilities, education, housing and economy could be influencing factors on community health in community level. These results showed the importance of intersectoral collaboration within a local government. Overall community health can be enhanced by intersectoral collaboration.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.255-259
• /
• 2003

Mutations in the factor Ⅴ gene are major risk markers for venous thrombosis. Several factors for blood coagulation have been related with cardiovascular disease. Ⅰ investigated genotype distribution for three mutations (G1691 A, A2379G and G2391 A) of the factor Ⅴ gene in the Korean population. Genotype frequencies were examined by polymerase chain reaction in 135 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 116 healthy subjects. For the G1691A mutation (factor Ⅴ

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2015

이 연구는 생산가능인구가 감소하면서 나타나게 될 사회변화와 이로 인해서 야기될 수 있는 인력 유용성 차원에서 나타날 수 있는 문제를 제시했다. 다음으로 그 동안 고등교육정책의 문제와 진단을 하고 마지막으로 생산 가능인구의 감소에 따른 고등교육정책의 방향을 제시했다. 고등교육의 정책 방향은 대학 정원 관리, 대학교육 경쟁력 제고, 산학연계 활성화를 제시했다.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회:발표눈문요지록
• /
• pp.18-18
• /
• 2001

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 1999

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the trends of future circumstances in primary education along with population change. These trends, which are subject to change in population and structure, have a great impact on the size and characteristics of primary school-aged children. Accordingly, it is imperative for the government to plan for future conditions involving primary education. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. In the long-term primary school children aged 6-11, which accounted for 17.7% of the total population in 1970, will decline to 8.6% by the year 2000, 6.9% in 2020 and 6.4% in 2030. This drastic reduction in fertility rate is a direct result of pressure by the government to control population. 2. In 1996, the total number of classes in primary schools rose to 106,594. In the future, these numbers will actually decline. By 2003 the total number of classes will peak at 142,605, but until then drop off to 112,288 by 2030-a decrease of over 6,000. 3. The actual number of primary schools in 1997 totaled 5,721. This figure will reach its highest peak, 5,942, in 2003, but it is expected decrease later after declining by 1,263, it will bottom out at 4,679 in 2003. 4. The number of teachers at primary schools increased from 101,095 in 1970, 119, 064 in 1980, 136,800 in 1990 to 138,369 in 1995. Accordingly this means that the ratio of students to teaching staff changed for the better. By the year 2005, if teachers of specialty subjects (music, art, English, physical education) are assigned to every primary school with over 18 classrooms and the number of students per class is 30, it should improve educational surroundings. This is because it is expected that the population of primary school children will continue to grow until 2003 and then decrease. Thus, there is a need to maintain the number of primary school teachers between the years 2003 and 2030 so that the ratio of students to teachers will be reduced to 1/20.25. In considering factors related to migration which influence conditions of education, it is evident that changes have already begun. In the suburbs of Seoul, population shifts are causing overcrowding in classrooms. The government believes it would be inefficient to invest in education because fluctuating migration figures make it impossible. Accordingly, we have to be concerned about stabilizing the population throughout the entire country.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.57-62
• /
• 2007

To obtain demographic information on threatened gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica Okada, 1931) populations, we determined the ages of 45 male and 13 female frogs (20 males and 9 females from Cheongwon and 25 males and 4 females from Tae-an) and compared the age structures and growth patterns of the two populations in 2006. The snout-vent length (SVL) and body weight of female frogs were greater than those of male frogs in both populations. Male frogs' ages ranged 2 to 7 years old and females' ages ranged 3 to 6 years old. In both populations, 4 years old male frogs were the most abundant age-sex class. The age structures of the two populations were significantly different and the growth coefficients of male frogs from the Cheongwon population were greater than those from the Tae-an population. The mean age of males from the Tae-an population was higher than that from the Cheongwon population. However, the SVL and body weights of male frogs were not different between two populations and there was no difference between the two populations in the mean male SVL at any age. The results could increase our understanding of the life-history of this threatened frog and may be useful in conservation planning.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.805-822
• /
• 2005

In Korea, many local university mathematics faculty knew that the institution faced serious student shortage problems and the restructuring and cut actions for such a mathematics major programs. In general, undergraduate mathematics education in korea is in the crisis. In general, lots of mathematics departments in korea was not prepared for such a severe risk. In this article, university mathematics education and research business are studied in the context of the size of korea-usa population, economy(such as GDP), SCI indices. Korea-usa university mathematics education profile data are presented to compare korea-usa university mathematics education business. Lots of precious data on mathematics education are being helped to prepare for the university mathematics education crisis.