• Title/Summary/Keyword: polymeric foam

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A Study on Combustion Gases Toxicity Evaluation of Polymeric Material (고분자재료의 연소가스 독성평가에 관한 연구)

  • 박영근
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, we had analyzed comsbustion gases according to pyrolysis $600^{\circ}c$, $800^{\circ}c$ and $1000^{\circ}c$ for polymeric material using a GASTEC colorimetric gas detector tube in order to combustion gases toxicity evaluation for flame retardant untreated ply wood, flame retardant treated ply wood, flexible polyvinyl chloride and flexible polyurethane foam of polymeric material. As a result, comsbustion gases producted from small specimens of polymeric material had reached fatal to man at a 30 minute exposure time that had possesed toxicity index. Toxicity index at pyrolysis $800^{\circ}c$ of flexible polyvinyl chloride was 31.74. Flexible polyvinyl chloride was the highest toxicity index of flame retardant untreated ply wood, flame retardant treated ply wood, flexible polyvinyl chloride and flexible polyurethane foam. The comsbustion gases producted commonly no concern with pyrolysis temperature had analyzed carbon dioxide($CO_2$) and carbon monoxide(CO). Toxicity index had investigated differently according to pyrolysis temperature even a similar materal.

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Preparation and characterization of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) (가지 달린 poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)의 제조와 물성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Soochan;Park, Sungshin;Sooyun Jung;Kim, Jungsoo;Seungsoon Im
    • Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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    • 2003.10b
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    • pp.203-204
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    • 2003
  • Generally, polymeric foam has many advantages, such as light-weight, good impact absorptivity and adiabatic properties. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET has good recyclability and no toxicity. Hence, if we make foam of PET, it could be used for various applications such as heat insulating material, recyclable packing material, and food vessel. Thus these properties are attractive interests to manufacturers. (omitted)

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Biodegradability and Risk Assessment of Biomass-based Polymeric Materials

  • Han, Song Yi;Park, Chan Woo;Jang, Jae Hyuk;Lee, Seung Hwan
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.297-302
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    • 2015
  • With the intention to solve environmental problems caused by synthetic plastics from petroleum resources, biodegradable polyurethane foams and thermosetting moldings were prepared from biomass, such as wood and wheat bran by liquefaction method. Biodegradability of these biomass-based polymeric materials was investigated. In activated sludge, polyurethane foams from liquefied wheat bran and thermosetting molding from phenolated wood were decomposed approximately 14% and 29% for 20 days, respectively. One of the wood fungi, Coriolus versicolor was able to grow without supplemental nutrition, only with distilled water and polyurethane foam as a nutrition source. Risk assessments were also conducted and results showed that estrogenicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity were not observed in the extractives of biomass- based polymeric materials.

A Study on Energy Absorption Characteristics of Lightweight Structural Member according to Stacking Conditions (적층구성 변화에 따른 경량화 구조부재의 에너지 흡수 특성)

  • Choi, Ju-Ho;Yang, In-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.241-245
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    • 2012
  • In this study, one type of circular shaped composite tube was used, combined with reinforcing foam and without foam. Furthermore, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) circular member manufactured from CFRP prepreg sheet for lightweight design. CFRP is an anisotropic material which is the most widely adapted lightweight structural member. The crashworthy behavior of circular composite material tubes subjected to static axial compression under same conditions is reported in this paper. The collapse mode during the failure process were observed and analyzed. The behavior of polymeric foams to the tubes crashworthiness were also investigated.

Processing and Properties of Steel Foam Sandwiches

  • Lefebvre, Louis-Philippe;Gauthier, Maxime;Baril, Eric;Voizelle, Benoit
    • Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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    • 2006.09a
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    • pp.91-92
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    • 2006
  • Metallic foams have a combination of attractive properties such as high specific mechanical properties and good energy absorption characteristics. This paper presents the properties of steel foam sandwiches produced using powder metallurgy approach. Metallic powder, solid polymeric binder and a foaming agent are dry-mixed and molded into the desired shape. The molded powder mix is then heat-treated to foam, debind and sinter the material. The resulting material has an open cell structure with high porosity. The structure and properties of sandwiches specimens produced with the process are presented and discussed.

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A study on combustion gas toxicity of polymeric materials using FTIR gas analysis (FTIR 가스분석에 의한 고분자재료의 연소가스독성 평가)

  • Lee, Doo-Hyung;Kong, Young-Kun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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    • v.5 no.4 s.19
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    • pp.79-84
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    • 2005
  • When polymeric materials are exposed to fire condition, a lot of heat and toxic gases evolved and cause damage to property and human being. Especially toxic gases are major hazard to life safety. This study FTIR(Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrometer analysis was performaed to etermine the gas analysis and the concentration of gases evolved from PVC, FRP, SMC and Ureathane foam using ASTM E 1678 fire model. And FED toxicity index calculated from FTIR data also presented. By the comparison of animal test adopted in KS F 2271 and FTIR gas analysis method, FTIR gas analysis method can replace current animal toxicity test and produce precise and quantitative combustion gas data.

Material Nonlinear Behavior and Microstructural Transition of Porous Polyurethane Foam under Uniaxial Compressive Loads (일축 압축하중 하 다공성 폴리우레탄폼의 재료비선형 거동 및 미세구조 변화)

  • Lee, Eun Sun;Goh, Tae Sik;Lee, Chi-Seung
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.27 no.12
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    • pp.688-694
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    • 2017
  • Porous materials such as polymeric foam are widely adopted in engineering and biomedical fields. Porous materials often exhibit complex nonlinear behaviors and are sensitive to material and environmental factors including cell size and shape, amount of porosity, and temperature, which are influenced by the type of base materials, reinforcements, method of fabrication, etc. Hence, the material characteristics of porous materials such as compressive stress-strain behavior and void volume fraction according to aforementioned factors should be precisely identified. In this study, unconfined uniaxial compressive test for two types of closed-cell structure polyurethane foam, namely, 0.16 and $0.32g/cm^3$ of densities were carried out. In addition, the void volume fraction of three different domains, namely, center, surface and buckling regions under various compressive strains (10 %, 30 %, 50 % and 70 %) were quantitatively observed using Micro 3D Computed Tomography(micro-CT) scanning system. Based on the experimental results, the relationship between compressive strain and void volume fraction with respect to cell size, density and boundary condition were investigated.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Environmentally Benign Silicone Foam Filled with Wollastonite

  • Kim, Yongha;Joeng, Hyeonwoo;Lee, Kyoung Won;Hwang, Sosan;Shim, Sang Eun
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.55 no.4
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    • pp.300-305
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    • 2020
  • In recent times, polymeric foams have been popularly used in various applications. To meet the demand for these applications, polymer foams with excellent mechanical and thermal properties are required. In particular, silicone foam has gained significant attention owing to its superior thermal properties and low density. In this study, the mechanical and thermal properties of silicone foams filled with wollastonite were investigated. A maximum tensile strength of 98.3 kPa was obtained by adding 15 phr of wollastonite. The specific gravity did not exhibit a marked difference up to 10 phr, but it increased substantially above 15 phr wollastonite. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that adding wollastonite to the silicone foam increased both the amount of residue and the thermal decomposition temperature. The morphologies of the silicone foams filled with wollastonite were observed by scanning electron microscopy.

Temperature-Dependent Viscoplastic-Damage Constitutive Model for Nonlinear Compressive Behavior of Polyurethane Foam (폴리우레탄 폼 비선형 압축 거동 해석용 온도 의존 손상 점소성 구성방정식)

  • Lee, Jeong-Ho;Kim, Seul-Kee;Lee, Jae-Myung
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.437-445
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    • 2016
  • Recently, polyurethane foam has been used in various industry fields to preserve temperature environment of structures, and a wide range of loads from the static to the dynamic are imposed on the material during a life period. The biggest characteristic of polyurethane foam is porosity as being polymeric material, and it is generally known that insulation performance of the material strongly depends on internal void size. In addition, polyurethane foam's mechanical behavior has high dependence on strain rate and temperature as well as being highly non-linear ductile for compression. In the non-linear compressive behavior, volume fraction of voids and elastic modulus decrease as strain increases. Therefore, in this study, temperature-dependent viscoplastic-damage constitutive model was developed to describe the non-linear compressive behavior with the aforementioned features of polyurethane foam.

Surface Modification of Polymeric Material Using Atmospheric Plasma (대기압 플라즈마를 이용한 고분자 소재의 표면개질)

  • Sim, Dong-Hyun;Seul, Soo-Duk
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.433-439
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    • 2008
  • An atmospheric plasma pre-treatment method was applied to polyurethane foam (density: 0.27) and rubber (butadiene rubber) to improve its contact angle and adhesion using atmospheric plate type reactor. In order to investigate the optimum reaction condition of plasma treatment, type of treatment gas (nitrogen, argon, oxygen, air), rate of gas flow ($30{\sim}100\;mL/min$), and treated time ($0{\sim}30\;s$) were examined in a plate plasma reactor. The result of the surface modification with respect to the treatment procedure was characterized by using SEM and ATR-FTIR. Due to a decrease of the contact angle of various materials, the greatest adhesion strength was achieved at optimum condition such as flow rate of 100 mL/min, reaction time of polyurethane foam 10 s and rubber 3 s for an atmosphere nitrogen gas. Consequently, the atmospheric plasma treatment reduced the wettability of the polyurethane foam and rubber also resulted in the improvement of the adhesion.