• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.30
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• pp.91-120
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• 2006

An Arbitration agreement is one kind of contracts between two or more contracting parties; any possible disputes that arise concerning a contract will be settled by arbitration. Contracting parties who have made a valid arbitration agreement will submit a dispute for settlement to private persons(arbitrators) instead of to a court. Arbitration may depend upon the agreement of the private parties, but it is also a system which has been built on the law and which relies upon that law in order to make it effective both nationally and internationally. That is to say, arbitration is wholly dependent on the underlying support of the court. The complementarity of the courts and of the arbitrators is a well-established fact; they seek for the common purpose, the efficacy of international commercial arbitration. Most states' laws contain the provisions which have been set for the supportive role of the courts relating to arbitration; (1) the enforcement of the arbitration agreement(rulings on validity of the arbitration agreement), and the establishment of the tribunal at the beginning of the arbitration, (2) challenge of arbitrators, interim measures, and intervention during evidence in the middle of the arbitral proceedings, (3) filing of the award, challenge of the arbitral award, and recognition and enforcement of the arbitral award at the end of the arbitration. Most international instruments and national laws concerning arbitration believe that authoritative courts should play their power not to control and supervise arbitration but to support and develop the merits of arbitration at most. 1985 UNCITRAL Model Law also expressly limit the scope of court's intervention to assist arbitration, not to control it.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.219-226
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• 2014

This study is to develop a basic life support (BLS) app using the android based smartphone and to evaluate the function of the app. Suggested app contains chest compression feedback function, the map of automated external defibrillator (AED), direct emergency call and the basic knowledge of BLS. Using the accelerometer of the smartphone, we implemented a real-time algorithm that estimates the chest compression depth and rate for high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The accuracy of algorithm was evaluated by manikin experiment. We made contents which were easy to learn the BLS for the layperson and implemented a function that provides the AED location information based on the user's current location. From the manikin experiment, the chest compression depth and rate were no significant differences between the manikin data and the app's feedback data (p > 0.05). Developed BLS app was uploaded on Google Play Store and it was free to download. We expected that this app is useful to learn the BLS for the layperson.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.180-196
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• 2020

This paper considers Japanese political interviews to integrate conversation and facial expression analysis. The behaviors of political leaders will be disclosed by analyzing questions and responses by using the turn-taking system in conversation analysis. Additionally, audiences who cannot understand verbal expressions alone will understand the psychology of political leaders by analyzing their facial expressions. Integral analyses promote understanding of the types of facial and verbal expressions of politicians and their effect on public opinion. Politicians have unique techniques to convince people. If people do not know these techniques and ways of various expressions, they will become confused, and politics may fall into populism as a result. To avoid this, a complete understanding of verbal and non-verbal behaviors is needed. This paper presents two analyses. The first analysis is a qualitative analysis that deals with Prime Minister Shinzō Abe and shows that differences between words and happy facial expressions occur. That result indicates that Abe expresses disgusted facial expressions when faced with the same question from an interviewer. The second is a quantitative multiple regression analysis where the dependent variables are six facial expressions: happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, and disgusted. The independent variable is when politicians have a threat to face. Political interviews that directly inform audiences are used as a tool by politicians. Those interviews play an important role in modelling public opinion. The audience watches political interviews, and these mold support to the party. Watching political interviews contributes to the decision to support the political party when they vote in a coming election.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.17-33
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• 2009

The emergence of the Internet shopping agent enabled consumers to enjoy Internet shopping more easily and quickly. Especially, the role of Internet shopping agent is becoming more important following the information overload trend on the Internet in that the consumers can promptly obtain information about a certain product and its price among countless items on the Internet. As a result, consumers can now enjoy shopping more easily, compared to the offline shopping which requires a lot of efforts in comparing the products and purchasing them. Since the Internet shopping agents collect extensive information about the products' price, delivery period, detailed characteristics, etc., and present a comparison table containing the information to the consumers, the consumers can shop more quickly at lower price using such shopping agents. However, it has not been sufficiently studied about how the various functions of shopping agents actually support consumers' purchase decision making procedure in everyday life, and if they do, in which stages they play a supporting role in consumers' purchase decision making system. Therefore, this study conducts an empirical analysis on the role of the Internet shopping agents in the purchase decision making process of the consumers, considering the Internet shopping agent as a decision making supporting system. Moreover, it analyzes how the effects of the Internet shopping agent differs according to the consumers' knowledge level about the products.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.1436-1442
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• 2020

Nuclear infrastructure systems play an important role in national security. The functions and missions of nuclear infrastructure systems are vital to government, businesses, society and citizen's lives. It is crucial to design nuclear infrastructure for scalability, reliability and robustness. To do this, we can use machine learning, which is a state of the art technology used in various fields ranging from voice recognition, Internet of Things (IoT) device management and autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we propose to design and develop a machine learning algorithm to perform predictive maintenance of nuclear infrastructure. Support vector machine and logistic regression algorithms will be used to perform the prediction. These machine learning techniques have been used to explore and compare rare events that could occur in nuclear infrastructure. As per our literature review, support vector machines provide better performance metrics. In this paper, we have performed parameter optimization for both algorithms mentioned. Existing research has been done in conditions with a great volume of data, but this paper presents a novel approach to correlate nuclear infrastructure data samples where the density of probability is very low. This paper also identifies the respective motivations and distinguishes between benefits and drawbacks of the selected machine learning algorithms.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.145-153
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• 2003

The Ministry of Construction & Transportation revised the full text of 'The Act for Promoting Housing Construction' that concentrated to the quantitative supply of houses into 'Housing Act' in order to improve the quantity as well as quality of housing construction and management, such as housing welfare, management or improvement of previous houses, in October 2002. Accordingly, local authority need to play more critical roles in the area of multi-family housing management and remodeling. The desirable roles of local authority called for the need are like followings: 1. Local authority should provide professional knowledge for education, direction and consultation of multi-family housing management rather keeping the previous role to control, manage and regulate it. 2. The multi-family housing management should be changed from administration and punishment to incentive-centered institutions. 3. It is necessary to consider neglected people, such as occupants of rental apartment or of a small-sized multi-family housing, who have been excepted from the subject of obligatory management under the current law. 4. For harmonious and professional housing management, local authority need to support the establishment or special companies for housing management and to strengthen the audit on trust management companies. 5. It calls for the studies on management guideline of multi-family housing, standardization of management specifics, reasonable standard for special mending appropriation amount, etc. 6. They should lead the composition of a community by residents harmoniously and support the encouragement of community consciousness to live together.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the relations among psycho-social factors regarding child neglect and abuse using the data from the 2013 Korea National Survey on Children and Youth. Methods: Data from a sample of 1,062 primary caregivers with young children were analyzed with the SPSS and AMOS programs to examine the interrelationships among depression, parenting stress, marital satisfaction, parent-child attachment, and child neglect or maltreatment. Results: Depression, stress, and attachment had a direct influence on child neglect and abuse. Satisfaction with marital relationship, parenting stress, and attachment were found to play mediating roles in accounting for child neglect and abuse, explaining 12% of the variance. The results of multi group path analysis showed that some coefficients were different according to the age group of the children. For caregivers with infants, parenting stress did not predict either attachment or child maltreatment, whereas for caregivers with toddlers, depression did not have a significant effect on attachment. Conclusion: In order to prevent child maltreatment, efforts should be made to develop community-based psycho-social support interventions focused on marital relationship as well as parent-child dyads and to provide practical child care support.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to provide fundamental information of the practice of coming-of-age ceremonies as a family event. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, research questionnaires were developed, and 321 mothers residing in Seoul, South Korea were selected as the research subjects. The study was conducted from April 15th, 2010 to June 25th, 2010. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS17 computer programs. The conclusions are as follows. 1. In the future, coming-of-age ceremonies will be necessary in family event. 2. Education for mothers (specifically for mothers under the age of 30) opposed to coming-of-age ceremonies is necessary. 3. The contents for the education of coming-of-age ceremonies must include ceremony processes, alcohol consumption etiquette, and sex education. 4. Coming-of-age ceremonies, as family events, will be desirable to have on the 19th birthday. 5. Education of coming-of age ceremonies must be done in schools or social educational institutions. The Healthy Family Support Center will especially be able to play a central role. 6. Education of coming-of-age ceremonies is necessary even from the popular media.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2012

The rapid urbanization in developing countries is accelerating both the depletion and fragmentation of urban green space, despite the known positive effects of green spaces on the environmental conditions in cities and the quality of life of residents. Consequently, there is a need for practical tools that can support the development of networks of urban green spaces. This article presents a study that used a GIS-based least cost path (LCP) analysis to identify the best alternative for developing an urban green space network in the coastal city of Jakarta, Indonesia, which was based on the evaluation of topography and land use characteristics. Pair-wise analysis was used to reduce the sensitivity in the LCP model. The results showed that the coastal wetlands in the northern part of Jakarta and the agricultural fields in the suburban areas of Jakarta play an important role in connecting the green space network. On the other hand, some green spaces in the central part of Jakarta could not be connected by the LCP model. The method used in this study can serve as a tool to support the identification of networks of potential urban green spaces. It can also provide useful information for sustainable urban landscape planning and management in urban ecosystems. However, the inclusion of socio-economic criteria would further improve the model.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.98-103
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• 2004

This paper describes a system design of Launch Ground Complex for the Korea Space Launch Vehicle-I which will play so important roles of successful execution for Korea National Space Development Program. Launch Ground Complex has to supply safe work space, construction and equipments for assembling, check-out and launching of the space launch vehicle, and it consists of Mechanical, Electrical, Fluid Ground Support Equipment and Infrastructure. Mechanical Ground Support Equipment consists of Launch Pad, Mobile Assembly Tower, Umbilical Tower, Lightning Tower, Theodolite Building and Auxiliary.